Maurice Tempelsman
Maurice Tempelsman in December 2012
Born (1929-08-26) August 26, 1929
Antwerp, Kingdom of Belgium
NationalityBelgian-American
Alma materNew York University
Occupation(s)Businessman, diamond merchant
Known for
Spouse
Lilly Bucholz
​
​
(m. 1949; sep 1984)​
Partner(s)Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis
(c. 1980; died 1994)
Children3

Maurice Tempelsman (born August 26, 1929) is a Belgian-American businessman, a diamond magnate and merchant.[2][3] He was the longtime companion of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, former First Lady of the United States.

Early life

Tempelsman was born on August 26, 1929, in Antwerp, Belgium, the son of Leon and Helene Tempelsman, both Orthodox Jews,[4] in a Yiddish-speaking family in Antwerp's Jewish community.[3] In 1940, Tempelsman and his family emigrated to the United States to escape persecution by Nazi Germany during World War II. When he was 16, Tempelsman began working for his father, a diamond broker.[3] He attended New York City's public schools and New York University.[5][6][7][8][9]

Business interests

In 1950, Tempelsman created a new marketing niche by persuading the US government to stockpile African diamonds for industrial and military purposes, with him as middleman. In 1957, at the age of 27, he and his lawyer, Adlai Stevenson, traveled to Africa, where Tempelsman had begun forging ties with leaders. His contacts eventually ranged from South African anti-apartheid politician Oliver Tambo to Zaire's kleptocratic dictator, Mobutu Sese Seko and the influential Oppenheimer diamond family. Declassified memos and cables between former U.S. presidents and State Department officials from the 50's to the 90's have named Tempelsman with direct input in the destabilization of Congo, Sierra Leone, Angola, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Rwanda and Ghana.[10] He was involved in the overthrow of Ghana's first elected president, Kwame Nkrumah, the CIA-backed assassination of Congo's first-elected president, Patrice Lumumba and cover-up of CIA covert support of the former president of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mobuto Sese Seko.[10]

Tempelsman is chairman of the board of directors of Lazare Kaplan International Inc. (LKI), the largest diamond company in the United States, noted for its "ideal cut" diamonds sold worldwide under the brand name, Lazare Diamonds.[11][12][13] Tempelsman is one of fewer than 90 "sightholders" in the world, which means that 10 times a year he is permitted to buy diamonds directly from the powerful De Beers cartel in the City of London. Because DeBeers was a virtual monopoly, for many years it could not operate legally in the United States.

Maurice Tempelsman sitting at a table with Nicolae Ceausescu (not in this detail of the photo) in Romania July 1974.[14]

He is also a general partner of Leon Tempelsman & Son, an investment company specializing in real estate and venture capital.[15]

Philanthropic and political activities

Tempelsman maintains relations with political and business leaders, in particular government leaders in Africa and Russia, and leading figures in the U.S. Democratic Party.[2][11] His extensive political contacts and monetary contributions often provide him with access and prestige in those markets, as was the case during the presidency of Bill Clinton.[2][16] From 1993 to 1997, Tempelsman visited the White House at least ten times, met privately with Hillary Clinton on two occasions, vacationed with the Clintons and the Kennedy family in Martha's Vineyard, and flew to Moscow and back with President Clinton on Air Force One.[2][7]

In Southern Africa, Tempelsman has played a key role in negotiations between hostile governments and companies engaging in diamond exploration. He met with Mobutu Sese Seko, to assist the regime's business dealings with De Beers. In the 1960s Tempelsman hired as his business agent the CIA station chief in Kinshasa, Larry Devlin, who helped put Mobutu in power and afterward served as his personal adviser.[17][18] From March 3, 1977, Tempelsman briefly held the title of honorary consul general for Zaire, now known as the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), at the DRC's consular offices in New York City.[19] In addition to the DRC, Tempelsman has played a key role in the diamond industries of Angola, Botswana, Namibia, and Sierra Leone.[20][21][22][23]

Tempelsman served as chairman of the Corporate Council on Africa (CCA) from 1999 to 2002 and again from 2007 to 2008, after which he was named chairman emeritus.[24] An example of his work with the CCA involved assisting government leaders with establishing the New Partnership for Africa's Development.[25] Tempelsman was a board member of the Southern African Enterprise Development Fund, and past chairman and long-serving board member of the Africa-America Institute.[26]

Tempelsman is a trustee of the Eurasia Foundation,[27] and a director of the National Democratic Institute for International Affairs,[28] the Center for National Policy, the Business Council for International Understanding, and the U.S.-Russia Business Council.[9]

He is chairman of the International Advisory Council of the Harvard School of Public Health's AIDS Initiative,[29] and is an honorary trustee and an honorary member of the corporation of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Tempelsman is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, and was named a visitor to the Department of Classical Art at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. A director of the Academy of American Poets, Tempelsman also serves as a trustee of the New York University Institute of Fine Arts, and on Lenox Hill Hospital's advisory board. He has served on several Presidential Commissions including the President's Commission for the Observance of Human Rights, the Citizen's advisory board of Youth Opportunities and the National Highway Safety Advisory Committee, and was appointed to the New York Council on International Business.[9]

Looted Morgantina acroliths

In 1980, Tempelsman bought, for $1 million, two 500 BC acroliths representing Demeter and Persephone; the pieces consisted of two marble heads, three feet, and three hands. Tempelsman purchased them from the later-infamous art dealer Robin Symes. The Italian government first claimed the items when they were displayed in a 1988 exhibition at the J. Paul Getty Museum in Malibu; the museum had listed them as belonging to a private collector.[30] The Italian authorities determined that they were looted from Morgantina, and smuggled into Switzerland, where they were acquired by Symes. They were finally repatriated to the archeological museum of Aidone in 2007, after being on exhibit for five years at the Fralin Museum of Art, part of the University of Virginia in Charlottesville.[31] Putatively, in 2005, Tempelsman donated the pieces to the university museum, and the restitution to Italy was mediated by the university's archeology professor Malcolm Bell III.[32][33]

Personal life

Marriage and children

Tempelsman has adult children by his wife Lilly Bucholz, who had also fled Antwerp with her family. They were married in 1949.[3] Their daughter, Rena, is the widow of Robert Speisman, an executive vice president of Lazare Kaplan International Inc. who died on board American Airlines Flight 77, when the aircraft crashed into The Pentagon during the September 11 attacks.[34]

Tempelsman and Bucholz formally separated in 1984. According to People, Bucholz and Tempelsman never legally divorced.[4]

Relationship with Jacqueline Onassis

Tempelsman was the longtime companion of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis.[2][35] Maurice and Lilly Tempelsman were guests at the State Dinner given at Mount Vernon, Virginia in honor of the President Ayub Khan of Pakistan in 1961. The two began their lengthy relationship in 1980, five years after the death of Jacqueline Onassis' second husband Aristotle Onassis.[11][36] In 1988, Tempelsman moved into Onassis's Fifth Avenue penthouse apartment in New York City.[4] During their relationship, he handled Onassis's finances, quadrupling the $26 million that was secured from her late husband's estate.[37] The couple frequently took walks through Central Park and were photographed doing so in the days preceding her death from Non-Hodgkin lymphoma at age 64 on May 19, 1994.[38] At Onassis's funeral service, Tempelsman read Constantine P. Cavafy's poem Ithaca, one of her favorites, and concluded by saying: "And now the journey is over, too short, alas, too short. It was filled with adventure and wisdom, laughter and love, gallantry and grace. So farewell, farewell."[3][39] Tempelsman was one of two executors of the will that she had drawn up with her long-time attorney, Alexander D. Forger.[37] She left him a "Greek alabaster head of a woman" and named Tempelsman to be a co‑chair of a charitable organization, the C & J Foundation.[37][40] However, there was no residuary left to fund the foundation after estate taxes were paid.[41]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Maurice Tempelsman". Bloomberg. Retrieved 2019-09-22.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Schmidt, Susan (August 2, 1997). "DNC Donor With an Eye On Diamonds". The Washington Post. washingtonpost.com. pp. A01. Retrieved November 9, 2009.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 McFadden, Robert D. (May 24, 1994). "Death of a First Lady: The Companion; Quietly at Her Side, Public at the End". New York Times. pp. A17. Retrieved November 9, 2009.
  4. 1 2 3 Gleick, Elizabeth (July 11, 1994). "The Man Who Loved Jackie". People. 42 (2): 75–81. Retrieved November 14, 2009.
  5. ↑ Heymann, Clemens David (2007). American Legacy: The Story of John and Caroline Kennedy. New York: Simon & Schuster. pp. 261–262. ISBN 978-0-7434-9738-1.
  6. ↑ Povoledo, Elisabetta (February 26, 2008). "Tempelsman Sculptures Return to Italy". New York Times. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
  7. 1 2 Ifill, Gwen (August 25, 1993). "Clinton and Kennedys: In 30 Years, a Full Circle". New York Times. pp. A10. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
  8. ↑ Povoledo, Elisabetta (September 1, 2007). "Two Marble Sculptures to Return to Sicily". New York Times. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
  9. 1 2 3 "Bio: Maurice Tempelsman". Eurasia Foundation. eurasia.org. Archived from the original on March 1, 2009. Retrieved November 16, 2009.
  10. 1 2 "Africa: U.S. Covert Action Exposed | corpwatch". www.corpwatch.org. Retrieved 2024-01-04.
  11. 1 2 3 Melman, Yossi; Carmel, Asaf (March 25, 2005). "Diamond in the rough". Haaretz. haaretz.com. Retrieved November 9, 2009.
  12. ↑ Dougherty, Philip H. "Lazare Kaplan International Inc". New York Times.
  13. ↑ "Lazare Kaplan sales down as worried buyers reassess strategy". Mmegi. mmegi.bw. January 16, 2009. Retrieved November 9, 2009.
  14. ↑ Arhivele Nationale ale Romaniei si Institutul de Investigare a Crimelor Comunismului in Romania. "Fototeca online a comunismului românesc". iiccr.ro.
  15. ↑ "Maurice Tempelsman Profile". Forbes. people.forbes.com. Archived from the original on January 23, 2013. Retrieved November 14, 2009.
  16. ↑ "Official Delegation Accompanying the President to Africa". Office of the Press Secretary. clinton2.nara.gov. March 20, 1998. Retrieved November 16, 2009.
  17. ↑ Silverstein, Ken (April 23, 2001). "Diamonds of Death". The Nation. Retrieved May 19, 2014.
  18. ↑ Smillie, Ian (2010). Blood on the Stone: Greed, Corruption and War in the Global Diamond Trade. Anthem Press. pp. 163–166. ISBN 978-0857289636.
  19. ↑ "Colombia – Czech Republic". United States Department of State. state.gov. Fall–Winter 2003. Retrieved November 16, 2009.
  20. ↑ "OPIC Board Approves $250 Million to Develop Diamond Cutting and Polishing in Botswana" (Press release). Overseas Private Investment Corporation. October 10, 2008. Archived from the original on August 13, 2009. Retrieved November 16, 2009.
  21. ↑ "OPIC & U.S. Company Partner to Improve Diamond Production and Sales in Emerging Markets" (Press release). Overseas Private Investment Corporation. October 18, 2004. Archived from the original on August 13, 2009. Retrieved November 16, 2009.
  22. ↑ "USAID Signs a $1.5 Million Partnership to Improve Economic Opportunities in Angola" (Press release). Overseas Private Investment Corporation. June 17, 2005. Archived from the original on September 7, 2009. Retrieved November 16, 2009.
  23. ↑ Kennedy, Charles Stuart (April 6, 1993). "Interview with Ambassador John A. Linehan, Jr". The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training. lcweb2.loc.gov. Retrieved November 16, 2009.
  24. ↑ "Maurice Tempelsman Bio". Eurasia Foundation. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
  25. ↑ "Congress Holds Hearing on New Partnership for African Development". Bureau of International Information Programs. america.gov. September 20, 2002. Archived from the original on March 29, 2010. Retrieved November 16, 2009.
  26. ↑ "AAI Recognizes Tempelsman as Distinguished Trustee". Rapaport. diamonds.net. 27 September 2012. Retrieved July 4, 2013.
  27. ↑ Erlendsson, Elina; Taylor, Carolina. "2001 Annual Report" (PDF). Eurasia Foundation. usaid.gov. p. 5. Retrieved November 16, 2009.
  28. ↑ "NDI Board of Directors: Maurice Tempelsman". National Democratic Institute for International Affairs. ndi.org. Retrieved November 16, 2009.
  29. ↑ "People: International Advisory Council". Harvard School of Public Health. aids.harvard.edu. Archived from the original on January 23, 2013. Retrieved November 15, 2009.
  30. ↑ Anatomy of plunder: Maurice Tempelsman finds himself at the centre of a scandal over illegally excavated antiquities, by David D'Arcy, The Art Newspaper, 30 April 1998.
  31. ↑ Two Marble Sculptures to Return to Sicily, by Elisabetta Povoledo, New York Times, 01 September, 2007.
  32. ↑ Pro Loco Aidone, entry on Morgantina collections.
  33. ↑ "Malcolm Bell". Interdisciplinary Archaeology Program. Retrieved 2022-05-08.
  34. ↑ "Robert Speisman -- Executive, 48". The New York Times. September 15, 2001. pp. A21. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
  35. ↑ Clayson, Jane (July 25, 2000). "Reading Celebs Through Their Wills". CBS News.
  36. ↑ Pottker, Jan (2002). Janet and Jackie: The Story of a Mother and Her Daughter, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis. New York: St. Martin's Griffin. p. 310. ISBN 978-0-312-30281-8.
  37. 1 2 3 "Onassis Leaves Estate to Charity and Her Children". New York Times. June 2, 1994. pp. A16. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
  38. ↑ Gates, Anita (November 5, 2000). "A Lady Who Never Stopped Being First". New York Times. pp. A4. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
  39. ↑ "First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis: Memorial Tributes in the One Hundred Third Congress of the United States". United States Government Printing Office. access.gpo.gov. 1995. p. 62. Retrieved November 16, 2009.
  40. ↑ "Last Will & Testament – Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis". New York Surrogate's Court.
  41. ↑ David Cay Johnston (December 21, 1996). "Mrs. Onassis's Estate Worth Less Than Estimated". The New York Times.
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