Marasimha II Satyavakya
Maharaja
Nolambantaka
Guttiya-Ganga[1][2]
Western Ganga king
Reign963–975
PredecessorMarulaganga Neetimarga (961–963)
SuccessorRachamalla IV Satyavakya (975–986)
SpouseAbbarasi[3]
IssueRachamalla IV Satyavakya, Rachamalla V
HouseWestern Ganga
FatherButuga II
MotherKallabbarasi (daughter of the Chalukya king Simhavarman)

Marasimha II Satyavakya was a king of the Western Ganga Dynasty, 23rd in the succession. He was the successor of Marulaganga Neetimarga, his half-brother who reigned 961–963. He was succeeded by Rachamalla IV Satyavakya, his eldest son. He was a vassal of the declining Rashtrakuta empire and served them until their collapse.[4]

His reign is considered as a prelude to the decline and fall of the Ganga Kingdom.[5] His two sons- Rachmalla IV and Rachmalla V (Rakkasaganga) were the last kings of the Western Ganga Dynasty.

Reign

Marasimha II was the second son of Butuga II through his second wife Kallabbarasi.[2] He was a loyal feudatory of the Rashtrakutas and served them till their demise. He was serving them from the reign of Krishna III, the last great Rashtrakuta monarch. He led a campaign into the north for his overlord Krishna III, where he defeated a Gurjara-Pratihara king named Lalla.[6]

He subsequently served Rashtrakuta kings Khottiga and Karka II as governor of multiple southern Rashtrakuta provinces.[2] He defeated Nanni Nolamba, ruler of the Pallavas of Nolambavadi and assumed the title of "Nolambantaka" (ender of the family of Nolambas).[7][8][9][10] Chamundaraya was his loyal and able prime minister, who helped him conquer several territories.[11][12]

When his Rashtrakuta overlord Karka II was killed by his rebellious feudatory Tailapa II, Marasimha II tried to continue the Rashtrakuta Empire by crowning Indra IV as emperor at Bankapur in 973.[6][13][5][14]

Death

He starved himself to death by the Jain ritual of Sallekhana at Bankapur, in 975.[6] The death of Marasimha is considered as a prelude to the decline and fall of the Ganga Kingdom.[5]

His death sparked a civil war in the Western Ganga Kingdom, and his former prime minister Chavundaraya helped Marasimha's eldest son Rachamalla ascend the throne, and Rachamalla came to the throne as Rachamalla IV Satyvakya.[11][12]

References

  1. ↑ Ali, B. Sheikh (1976). History of the Western Gangas. Prasaranga, University of Mysore.
  2. 1 2 3 Epigraphia Indica and Record of the Archæological Survey of India. Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India. 1899.
  3. ↑ Gopal, Balakrishnan Raja (1994). The Rashtrakutas of Malkhed: Studies in the History and Culture. Mythic Society, Bangalore by Geetha Book House.
  4. ↑ Vanina, Eugenia, ed. (2003). Indian History. Encyclopaedia Britannica (India). ISBN 9788184245684.
  5. 1 2 3 Arthikraje, Dr. "History of Karnataka". Our Karnataka. Archived from the original on 2006-10-24.
  6. 1 2 3 Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency ... Printed at the Government Central Press. 1904.
  7. ↑ Others, Muzaffar H. Syed & (20 February 2022). History of Indian Nation : Ancient India. K.K. Publications.
  8. ↑ Karnataka State Gazetteer: Hassan. Director of Print., Stationery and Publications at the Government Press. 1971.
  9. ↑ Settar, S. (1989). Inviting Death: Indian Attitude Towards the Ritual Death. Monographs and theoretical studies in sociology and anthropology. Vol. 28. BRILL. p. 21. ISBN 90-04-08790-7.
  10. ↑ State), Mysore (India; Sathyan, B. N. Sri (1972). Mysore State Gazetteer. Director of Print., Stationery and Publications at the Government Press.
  11. 1 2 Kāmat, Sūryanātha (1980). A Concise History of Karnataka: From Pre-historic Times to the Present. Archana Prakashana.
  12. 1 2 "46. Rachmalla- Great History of Mudiraja Caste". Mudiraja weebly. Retrieved 22 December 2020.
  13. ↑ Karnataka State Gazetteer: Mysore. Director of Print, Stationery and Publications at the Government Press. 1988.
  14. ↑ Murthy, M. S. Krishna (1980). The Noḷambas: A Political and Cultural Study, C750 to 1050 A.D. Prasaranga, University of Mysore.

Bibliography

  • Reu, Pandit Bisheshwar Nath (1997) [1933]. History of The Rashtrakutas (Rathodas). Jaipur: Publication scheme. ISBN 81-86782-12-5.
  • Kamath, Suryanath U. (2001) [1980]. A concise history of Karnataka : from pre-historic times to the present. Bangalore: Jupiter books. LCCN 80905179. OCLC 7796041.
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