Early life and education

Mansour Ali Haseeb was born on 1 January 1910^{[2][note 1]} in al-Gitaina, Sudan, to Sheikh Ali Haseeb, the judge of al-Gitana, and Fatma Mohamed.^[4] Haseeb’s family is originally from Berber, Sudan and is known for several members who were renowned scholars.^[5][6]

Graduates of Kitchener School of Medicine. Haseeb is sitting first from left.

Haseeb attended primary schools in Berber, Atbara and Port Sudan,^[5] before moving to Khartoum to first attend Gordon Memorial College and then to pursue his medical education at Kitchener School of Medicine (now the Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum) and Khartoum Civil Hospital. He graduated with the Diploma of the Kitchener School of Medicine in 1937.^{[2][4][note 2]} He focused on bacteriology and parasitology, and then went to the United Kingdom to obtain a Diploma in Bacteriology in 1943.^{[2][4][note 3]}

Medical career and research

Haseeb did his medical training at Khartoum, Dongola, Wadi Halfa, Singa and Geneina Hospitals,^[2][5] before being appointed Director of the Stack Medical Research Laboratories (1952–1962).^[7][8][9] As a director, Haseeb also introduced a unified policy for training laboratory assistants across the country and the initiation of a technician training program in 1953.^[10]

In 1963, Haseeb left Stack to become a professor of Microbiology and Parasitology,^[5][11] and the first Sudanese Dean of the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Khartoum until 1969.^[12][13] At Stack, he was succeeded by Mohamed Hamad Satti.^[5][11] He later became an examiner of the Royal Society of Health in Khartoum,^[14] and, in 1973, he was appointed Chairman of the Sudan Medical Research Council.^[5]

Bacteriology and parasitology were to be Haseeb's major focus.^[14] He made valuable contributions through his services in the vaccine production and implementation programs, most notably in combating smallpox,^[15] rabies^[16] and epidemic meningitis,^[17] He wrote several papers on diseases common to Sudan, like parasitic and contagious infections.^[18][19]

In 1954, Haseeb accompanied Telford H. Work and Richard Moreland Taylor in an expedition to research yellow fever with Baggara tribespeople, Nuba villages, and the Dinka people.^[20][21] The expedition was documented in a film, Reconnaissance for Yellow Fever in the Nuba Mountains, Southern Sudan.^[22] Hasseb contributed to 40 scientific papers, published in Nature,^[23] The Lancet,^[24][25] the British Medical Journal,^[26][27] and the Journal of Hygiene.^[16] Hasseb was editor-in-chief of the Sudan Medical Journal from 1948 to 1958.^[28]

Haseeb dedicated his book A Monograph on Biomedical Research in Sudan (1970) to the National Council of Research to benefit young researchers.^[29][30] He is considered the "Godfather Of Sudan's Laboratory Medicine" ^[1][31][32] In May 1973, renowned American entomologist and parasitologist Harry Hoogstraal stated, "Professor Mansour Haseeb has been more intimately associated than any other living person with adding to Sudanese biomedical knowledge and sharing the vast experience with younger generations of physicians and scientists."^[32]

Mayor of Omdurman

Queen Elizabeth II visited Omdurman in February 1965. Haseeb is seated beside the Queen, positioned to her right

.

Haseeb was the Mayor of Omdurman and was invited by Willy Brandt, then Mayor of West Berlin, to visit this city in 1963. He represented Omdurman in welcoming Queen Elizabeth II when she visited in February 1965.^[5]

Personal life and death

Haseeb married Fatma El Bereir in 1944, and they had five children.^[33] He enjoyed playing tennis,^[33] and translating from English to Arabic.^[5]

Haseeb died suddenly on 29 September 1973, aged 63, a few months after receiving the Shousha Medal and Prize from the World Health Organization.^[28][34] Following his death, the Sudanese Medical Student Association organised a commemorative event and photography exhibition to honour his memory. The exhibition, which took place at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, was inaugurated by the Sudanese neurologist Daoud Mustafa. The event was held at the Al Baghdadi Lecture Theatre, named after philanthropist Hashim Bey Al Baghdadi, who greatly supported Sudanese medical students. The obituary ceremony featured speeches, including ones by the Dean and President of the Medical Students Association. Hashem Erwa, Haseeb's student, delivered an elegy, followed by Mohammed Hamad Satti, who was unable to finish his eulogy due to overwhelming emotions. Abdullah El Tayib, then the President of the University of Khartoum, highlighted Haseeb's humility and humanity, and Haseeb family's eulogy was given by his son.^[35]