Limerick
Former Dáil constituency
Outline map
Location of Limerick within Ireland
Former constituency
Created2011
Abolished2016
Seats3
Local government areaCounty Limerick
Created from
Replaced byLimerick County
Limerick
Former Dáil constituency
Outline map
Location of Limerick within Ireland
Former constituency
Created1923
Abolished1948
Seats7
Local government areas
Created from
Replaced by

Limerick was a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas elected on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV). From 1923 and 1948, it represented the whole of the city and county of Limerick. On its second creation, from 2011 to 2016, it represented the rural part of the county of Limerick, other than in its neighbouring constituencies of Kerry North–West Limerick and Limerick City.

History and boundaries

1923–1948

The constituency was first created as a 7-seat constituency under the Electoral Act 1923 for the 1923 general election to Dáil Éireann; those elected comprised the 4th Dáil. It succeeded the constituencies of Limerick City–Limerick East and Kerry–Limerick West which were used to elect members to the 2nd Dáil and the 3rd Dáil.

It covered Limerick city and all of County Limerick.[1] It was abolished under the Electoral (Amendment) Act 1947, when it was replaced by the two new constituencies of Limerick East and Limerick West.

2011–2016

The Constituency Commission proposed in 2007 that at the next general election a new constituency called Limerick be created.[2]

It was established by the Electoral (Amendment) Act 2009[3] when it partially replaced the former constituencies of Limerick East and Limerick West. Most of the rural parts of the Limerick East constituency were transferred to the Limerick constituency and the western parts of the Limerick West constituency were transferred to the Kerry North–West Limerick constituency. It was represented only at the 2011 general election, electing 3 TDs.

The 2009 Act defined the constituency as:[3]

"The county of Limerick, except the parts thereof which are comprised in the constituencies of Limerick City and Kerry North–West Limerick."

It was abolished at the 2016 general election and replaced by the Limerick County constituency.

TDs

TDs 1923–1948

Teachtaí Dála (TDs) for Limerick 1923–1948[4]
Key to parties
DáilElectionDeputy
(Party)		Deputy
(Party)		Deputy
(Party)		Deputy
(Party)		Deputy
(Party)		Deputy
(Party)		Deputy
(Party)
4th1923[5] Richard Hayes
(CnaG)		 James Ledden
(CnaG)		 Seán Carroll
(Rep)		 James Colbert
(Rep)		 John Nolan
(CnaG)		 Patrick Clancy
(Lab)		 Patrick Hogan
(FP)
1924 by-election[6] Richard O'Connell
(CnaG)
5th1927 (Jun)[7] Gilbert Hewson
(Ind)		 Tadhg Crowley
(FF)		 James Colbert
(FF)		 George C. Bennett
(CnaG)		 Michael Keyes
(Lab)
6th1927 (Sep)[8] Daniel Bourke
(FF)		 John Nolan
(CnaG)
7th1932[9] James Reidy
(CnaG)		 Robert Ryan
(FF)		 John O'Shaughnessy
(FP)
8th1933[10] Donnchadh Ó Briain
(FF)		 Michael Keyes
(Lab)
9th1937[11] John O'Shaughnessy
(FG)		 Michael Colbert
(FF)		 George C. Bennett
(FG)
10th1938[12] James Reidy
(FG)		 Tadhg Crowley
(FF)
11th1943[13]
12th1944[14] Michael Colbert
(FF)
13th1948 Constituency abolished. See Limerick East and Limerick West

Note: The columns in this table are used only for presentational purposes, and no significance should be attached to the order of columns. For details of the order in which seats were won at each election, see the detailed results of that election.

TDs 2011–2016

Teachtaí Dála (TDs) for Limerick 2011–2016
Key to parties
DáilElectionDeputy
(Party)		Deputy
(Party)		Deputy
(Party)
31st2011[15] Niall Collins
(FF)		 Dan Neville
(FG)		 Patrick O'Donovan
(FG)
32nd2016 Constituency abolished. See Limerick County

Note: The columns in this table are used only for presentational purposes, and no significance should be attached to the order of columns. For details of the order in which seats were won at each election, see the detailed results of that election.

Elections

2011 general election

2011 general election: Limerick[15]
PartyCandidateFPv%Count
1234
Fianna Fáil Niall Collins 20.8 9,361 9,488 9,753 10,809
Fine Gael Dan Neville 20.4 9,176 9,347 10,691 11,728
Fine Gael Patrick O'Donovan 19.1 8,597 8,793 10,351 11,316
Labour James Heffernan 17.6 7,910 8,236 8,893 10,104
Independent John Dillon 9.8 4,395 4,767 5,075  
Fine Gael William O'Donnell 9.2 4,152 4,222    
Independent Con Cremin 1.0 430      
Independent Seamus Sherlock 0.9 419      
Green Stephen Wall 0.8 354      
Independent Patrick O'Doherty 0.5 247      
Electorate: 65,083   Valid: 45,041   Spoilt: 471 (1.0%)   Quota: 11,261   Turnout: 45,512 (69.9%)  

    1944 general election

    1944 general election: Limerick[14][16]
    PartyCandidateFPv%Count
    1234567
    Fianna Fáil Daniel Bourke 14.1 8,415            
    Labour Michael Keyes 13.7 8,159            
    Fianna Fáil Donnchadh Ó Briain 12.5 7,481            
    Fianna Fáil Robert Ryan 9.8 5,865 6,027 6,071 6,210 8,925    
    Fine Gael James Reidy 9.6 5,762 5,835 7,181 7,382 7,572    
    Fine Gael George C. Bennett 8.9 5,291 5,305 6,504 6,575 6,780 6,820 6,865
    Fianna Fáil Tadhg Crowley 8.7 5,182 5,383 5,476 5,586      
    Clann na Talmhan Patrick Fitzsimons 8.3 4,950 4,955 5,763 5,832 6,090 6,121 6,158
    Fianna Fáil Michael Colbert 8.1 4,852 5,343 5,518 5,623 7,391 8,781  
    Fine Gael David Madden 6.3 3,754 3,759          
    Electorate: 84,036   Valid: 59,711   Quota: 7,464   Turnout: 71.1%  

      1943 general election

      1943 general election: Limerick[13][16]
      PartyCandidateFPv%Count
      123456789101112
      Fianna Fáil Daniel Bourke 14.4 9,324                      
      Fianna Fáil Donnchadh Ó Briain 12.6 8,131                      
      Labour Michael Keyes 11.7 7,578 7,671 8,237                  
      Fine Gael James Reidy 9.6 6,234 6,300 6,312 6,315 6,422 6,671 7,253 7,476 7,573 8,787    
      Fianna Fáil Tadhg Crowley 7.8 5,072 5,763 5,886 5,890 5,983 6,182 6,259 6,627 8,580      
      Fianna Fáil Robert Ryan 7.3 4,701 4,874 4,885 4,886 5,111 5,169 5,288 5,748 6,378 6,487 6,546 6,580
      Fine Gael George C. Bennett 7.0 4,529 4,541 4,552 4,552 4,889 6,171 7,279 7,576 7,627 8,769    
      Fianna Fáil Seán Hartney 4.8 3,116 3,237 3,298 3,303 3,335 3,351 3,413 3,535        
      Fine Gael Timothy O'Connell 4.1 2,675 2,678 2,737 2,743 2,763 2,944 3,422 3,582 3,691      
      Clann na Talmhan Patrick Fitzsimons 4.0 2,601 2,606 2,643 2,645 3,681 3,787 4,055 4,164 4,521 5,098 5,462 5,897
      Fine Gael John MacNamara 3.9 2,513 2,518 2,526 2,527 2,600 2,834            
      Fine Gael Denis Quish 3.6 2,351 2,353 2,358 2,359 2,518              
      Clann na Talmhan Con Ryan 3.4 2,195 2,208 2,209 2,210                
      Labour Seán Hayes 3.3 2,110 2,117 2,862 2,978 3,053 3,153 3,197          
      Labour Patrick Costelloe 2.5 1,645 1,681                    
      Electorate: 84,036   Valid: 64,775   Quota: 8,097   Turnout: 77.1%  

        1938 general election

        1938 general election: Limerick[12][16]
        PartyCandidateFPv%Count
        12345678
        Fine Gael James Reidy 14.6 9,812              
        Fianna Fáil Daniel Bourke 13.5 9,058              
        Fianna Fáil Donnchadh Ó Briain 12.1 8,099 8,117 8,132 8,249 8,306 11,286    
        Fianna Fáil Tadhg Crowley 10.7 7,217 7,242 7,305 7,668 7,774 10,206    
        Fine Gael George C. Bennett 9.6 6,474 7,049 7,587 7,737 7,747 7,800 7,820 7,867
        Fianna Fáil Robert Ryan 9.1 6,117 6,142 6,165 6,324 6,400 6,699 9,056  
        Labour Michael Keyes 8.7 5,836 6,036 6,086 7,327 7,371 7,729 7,879 8,323
        Fianna Fáil Michael Colbert 8.5 5,741 5,779 5,908 5,974 6,338      
        Fine Gael John O'Shaughnessy 8.5 5,726 6,039 6,294 6,369 6,372 6,493 6,585 6,728
        Labour Seán Quinn 3.2 2,179 2,214 2,225          
        Fine Gael Michael Burke 1.4 924 1,109            
        Electorate: 81,048   Valid: 67,183   Quota: 8,398   Turnout: 82.9%  

          1937 general election

          1937 general election: Limerick[11][16]
          PartyCandidateFPv%Count
          12345678910
          Labour Michael Keyes 16.8 11,011                  
          Fianna Fáil Daniel Bourke 12.4 8,106 8,633                
          Fianna Fáil Michael Colbert 10.6 6,955 7,428 7,497 7,690 7,732 7,882 7,889 7,891 9,578  
          Fine Gael George C. Bennett 9.4 6,131 6,290 6,840 6,861 8,956          
          Fine Gael James Reidy 8.9 5,834 6,165 6,276 6,332 6,670 7,230 7,475 7,714 7,872 7,902
          Fianna Fáil Donnchadh Ó Briain 8.6 5,663 5,944 6,002 6,045 6,075 6,303 6,309 6,310 7,079 7,948
          Fianna Fáil Robert Ryan 7.2 4,698 5,140 5,297 5,336 5,387 5,407 5,414 5,421 7,536 8,024
          Fianna Fáil Tadhg Crowley 6.9 4,544 4,900 4,953 5,038 5,129 5,162 5,175 5,176    
          Fine Gael John O'Shaughnessy 6.7 4,361 4,430 4,565 4,566 5,038 7,954 8,441      
          Fine Gael Timothy O'Connell 5.4 3,537 3,587 3,639 3,642 4,021          
          Fine Gael Liam Fraher 5.1 3,339 3,402 3,563 3,564            
          Independent Thomas Lloyd 2.0 1,343 1,412                
          Electorate: 81,397   Valid: 65,522   Quota: 8,191   Turnout: 80.5%  

            1933 general election

            1933 general election: Limerick[10][16]
            PartyCandidateFPv%Count
            1234567891011
            Fianna Fáil Daniel Bourke 12.1 7,980 8,002 8,019 8,057 8,075 8,079 8,620        
            Fianna Fáil Donnchadh Ó Briain 11.2 7,383 7,410 7,431 7,507 7,518 7,523 9,594        
            Fianna Fáil Robert Ryan 10.6 6,956 7,007 7,078 7,111 7,123 7,131 7,332 8,508      
            Fianna Fáil Tadhg Crowley 9.9 6,536 6,616 6,641 6,679 6,685 6,688 9,130        
            Fianna Fáil James Colbert 8.8 5,803 5,873 5,890 5,982 5,997 6,002          
            Labour Michael Keyes 8.8 5,798 5,837 5,946 6,079 6,113 6,154 6,631 6,784 7,593 7,901 8,160
            Cumann na nGaedheal George C. Bennett 8.8 5,791 6,209 7,798 10,430              
            Cumann na nGaedheal James Reidy 8.3 5,443 5,474 5,939 7,434 9,217            
            Cumann na nGaedheal John Nolan 6.5 4,265 4,414 5,502                
            Cumann na nGaedheal Richard O'Connell 5.4 3,560 3,725                  
            National Centre Party John O'Shaughnessy 5.1 3,388 5,326 5,611 6,524 6,835 7,746 7,927 7,952 8,033 8,062 8,071
            National Centre Party John Canty 4.6 3,010                    
            Electorate: 78,350   Valid: 65,913   Quota: 8,240   Turnout: 84.1%  

              1932 general election

              The number of and full figures for later counts are not available. Bennett, Bourke, Colbert, Crowley, O'Shaughnessy, Reidy and Ryan were all elected.

              1932 general election: Limerick[9][16]
              PartyCandidateFPv%Count
              1234567
              Fianna Fáil Daniel Bourke 12.4 7,677 7,775          
              Fianna Fáil Robert Ryan 10.8 6,645 6,667 6,708 6,722 7,211 7,760  
              Fianna Fáil James Colbert 9.9 6,100 6,270 6,371 6,443 6,834 8,452  
              Cumann na nGaedheal George C. Bennett 9.6 5,919 5,951 6,298 6,649 6,826 6,866 N/A
              Cumann na nGaedheal James Reidy 8.2 5,088 5,142 5,208 5,495 5,537 5,572 N/A
              Fianna Fáil Tadhg Crowley 8.0 4,966 5,024 5,082 5,112 5,477 6,176 N/A
              Farmers' Party John O'Shaughnessy 7.9 4,887 4,903 5,417 5,647 5,757 6,065 N/A
              Cumann na nGaedheal Richard O'Connell 5.8 3,573 3,590 3,627 3,894 4,005 4,043 N/A
              Fianna Fáil Donnchadh Ó Briain 5.4 3,334 3,365 3,413 3,453 3,536    
              Cumann na nGaedheal John Nolan 5.4 3,325 3,339 3,435 4,155 4,237 4,279 N/A
              Labour Michael Keyes 5.0 3,101 3,787 3,875 3,955 4,441 4,592 N/A
              Independent Patrick Clancy 3.4 2,105 2,324 2,368 2,420      
              Cumann na nGaedheal David Madden 3.3 2,045 2,067 2,178        
              Independent Gilbert Hewson 2.5 1,562 1,585          
              Labour Daniel Clancy 2.4 1,486            
              Electorate: 76,959   Valid: 61,813   Quota: 7,727   Turnout: 80.3%  

                September 1927 general election

                September 1927 general election: Limerick[8][16]
                PartyCandidateFPv%Count
                123456789
                Cumann na nGaedheal George C. Bennett 14.0 7,993                
                Fianna Fáil James Colbert 11.2 6,385 6,404 6,592 6,617 6,617 7,020 7,080 7,270  
                Fianna Fáil Daniel Bourke 10.0 5,711 5,764 6,720 6,773 6,774 6,837 6,856 7,221  
                Cumann na nGaedheal John Nolan 9.5 5,390 5,518 5,544 7,306          
                Cumann na nGaedheal Richard O'Connell 9.4 5,354 5,508 5,612 6,429 6,594 8,189      
                Fianna Fáil Tadhg Crowley 8.1 4,625 4,639 5,825 5,867 5,868 5,955 6,033 6,405 7,376
                Labour Patrick Clancy 7.8 4,447 4,508 4,740 4,803 4,804 4,921 4,981 8,440  
                Labour Michael Keyes 7.5 4,290 4,309 4,446 4,626 4,631 4,790 4,867    
                Farmers' Party Cornelius O'Sullivan 6.0 3,434 3,451 3,539 3,612 3,621        
                Independent Gilbert Hewson 5.9 3,352 3,410 3,493 3,698 3,705 4,635 5,303 5,492 5,844
                Fianna Fáil Robert Ryan 5.4 3,049 3,054              
                Cumann na nGaedheal Matthew Griffin 5.1 2,898 3,246 3,268            
                Electorate: 79,765   Valid: 56,928   Quota: 7,117   Turnout: 71.4%  

                  June 1927 general election

                  June 1927 general election: Limerick[7][16]
                  PartyCandidateFPv%Count
                  123456789101112131415161718
                  Fianna Fáil James Colbert 10.3 5,531 5,554 5,585 5,595 5,607 5,632 5,716 5,899 6,605 6,689 6,724              
                  Cumann na nGaedheal George C. Bennett 9.6 5,165 5,185 5,265 5,466 6,041 6,245 6,517 6,586 6,660 7,170                
                  Fianna Fáil Tadhg Crowley 9.1 4,865 4,940 4,954 5,062 5,082 5,267 5,364 6,568 6,762                  
                  Labour Michael Keyes 8.2 4,404 4,412 4,436 4,483 4,601 4,629 4,892 4,970 5,431 6,617 6,620 6,689 6,692 6,828        
                  Cumann na nGaedheal Richard O'Connell 7.9 4,228 4,248 4,379 4,502 4,816 5,011 5,148 5,262 5,348 5,520 5,520 5,585 5,585 6,045 6,054 6,122 8,660  
                  Fianna Fáil Daniel Bourke 7.1 3,795 3,806 3,812 3,817 3,828 3,838 3,889 4,071 4,115 4,183 4,186 4,197 4,202 4,366 4,370      
                  Labour Patrick Clancy 5.7 3,086 3,103 3,109 3,195 3,218 3,356 3,478 3,685 3,958 4,211 4,217 4,259 4,262 4,391 4,435 5,757 5,901 6,213
                  Independent Gilbert Hewson 5.7 3,054 3,127 3,229 3,352 3,424 3,653 3,848 3,947 4,165 4,443 4,445 4,515 4,517 5,610 5,623 5,881 6,704 7,326
                  Farmers' Party Cornelius O'Sullivan 4.9 2,623 2,635 2,697 2,723 2,737 3,048 3,188 3,248 3,605 3,693 3,695 3,715 3,716          
                  Independent Matthew Murphy 4.8 2,594 2,615 2,683 2,697 2,710 2,724 2,790 2,803                    
                  Cumann na nGaedheal John Nolan 4.6 2,446 2,463 2,717 2,793 3,040 3,109 3,254 3,270 3,461 3,567 3,568 3,726 3,726 4,584 4,595 4,653    
                  National League Michael Joyce 4.4 2,350 2,438 2,452 2,464 2,566 2,603 2,936 2,964 3,022                  
                  Fianna Fáil Robert Ryan 3.7 2,006 2,025 2,027 2,104 2,117 2,275 2,369                      
                  Independent Matthew Quillinan 3.4 1,848 1,852 1,877 1,945 2,032 2,081                        
                  Cumann na nGaedheal Matthew Griffin 3.0 1,613 1,627 1,658 1,665                            
                  Farmers' Party William Condon 2.8 1,477 1,527 1,542 1,718 1,736                          
                  Independent John Smith 2.2 1,205 1,208 1,213                              
                  Cumann na nGaedheal John O'Mahony 1.7 886 890                                
                  National League John Coleman 0.9 503                                  
                  Electorate: 79,765   Valid: 53,679   Quota: 6,710   Turnout: 67.3%  

                    1924 by-election

                    Following the resignation of Cumann na nGaedheal TD Richard Hayes, a by-election was held on 28 May 1924. The seat was won by the Cumann na nGaedheal candidate Richard O'Connell.

                    1924 by-election: Limerick[6][16]
                    PartyCandidateFPv%Count
                    1
                    Cumann na nGaedheal Richard O'Connell 54.3 28,243
                    Republican Tadhg Crowley 45.7 23,738
                    Electorate: 79,000   Valid: 51,981   Quota: 25,991   Turnout: 65.8%  

                      1923 general election

                      Full figures for the remaining 16 counts are not available. The following are the number of votes unsuccessful candidates had at the time of their elimination though the counts which some eliminations occurred are unknown due to data being unavailable; Mackey 143, Larkin 509, J. O'Brien 766, Cleary 996, O'Callaghan 1,159, W. O'Brien 1,273, Walshe 1,706, Laffin 2,197, Colivet 2,249, Quaide 2,468, Keyes 2,808 and Smyth 3,509

                      Michael Gallagher notes[16] that newspapers at the time reported there was a 'discrepancy' with the original first count results, leading to a recount. The results below are of the first count which occurred so may not be fully accurate, the results of the recount are unavailable.

                      1923 general election: Limerick[5][16]
                      PartyCandidateFPv%Count
                      1234567891011121314151617
                      Cumann na nGaedheal Richard Hayes 20.7 10,498                                
                      Cumann na nGaedheal James Ledden 12.5 6,335 8,256                              
                      Republican Seán Carroll 11.7 5,946 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 6,451                  
                      Republican James Colbert 9.5 4,842 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 7,081          
                      Labour Matthew Murphy 6.6 3,332 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 4,774
                      Labour Patrick Clancy 6.5 3,305 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 5,360
                      Farmers' Party Bartholomew Laffan 3.3 1,656 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A                    
                      Farmers' Party John Quaide 3.2 1,619 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A                    
                      Labour Michael Keyes 3.0 1,549 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A                    
                      Cumann na nGaedheal John Smyth 3.0 1,547 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A                    
                      Farmers' Party Patrick Hogan 3.0 1,537 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 5,932
                      Republican Michael Colivet 3.0 1,519 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A                    
                      Cumann na nGaedheal John Nolan 2.9 1,476 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 7,361 or 7,631  
                      Cumann na nGaedheal Patrick Walshe 2.5 1,254 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A                    
                      Farmers' Party William O'Brien 2.2 1,143 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A                    
                      Republican Kathleen O'Callaghan 2.2 1,097 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 1,159                    
                      Independent Michael Cleary 1.8 907 N/A N/A N/A N/A 996                      
                      Labour James O'Brien 1.3 674 N/A N/A N/A 766                        
                      Independent William Larkin 0.9 466 N/A N/A 509                          
                      Independent Anthony Mackey 0.2 114 N/A 143                            
                      Electorate: 79,340   Valid: 50,816   Quota: 6,353   Turnout: 64.1%  

                        See also

                        References

                        1. ↑ Electoral Act 1923, 8th Sch.: Constituencies (No. 12 of 1923, 8th Sch.). Enacted on 17 April 1923. Act of the Oireachtas. Archived from the original on 7 August 2011. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 10 September 2010.
                        2. ↑ "Constituency Commission: Report on Dáil and European Parliament Constituencies 2007" (PDF). The Stationery Office, Dublin. p. 5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 November 2007. Retrieved 28 September 2010.
                        3. 1 2 Electoral (Amendment) Act 2009, Schedule (No. 4 of 2009, Schedule). Enacted on 24 February 2009. Act of the Oireachtas. Archived from the original on 25 November 2010. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 28 September 2010.
                        4. ↑ Walker, Brian M, ed. (1992). Parliamentary election results in Ireland, 1918–92. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy. ISBN 0-901714-96-8. ISSN 0332-0286.
                        5. 1 2 "General election 1923: Limerick". ElectionsIreland.org. Archived from the original on 21 February 2011. Retrieved 10 September 2010.
                        6. 1 2 "By-election 1924: Limerick". ElectionsIreland.org. Archived from the original on 22 February 2011. Retrieved 10 September 2010.
                        7. 1 2 "General election June 1927: Limerick". ElectionsIreland.org. Archived from the original on 21 February 2011. Retrieved 10 September 2010.
                        8. 1 2 "General election September 1927: Limerick". ElectionsIreland.org. Archived from the original on 21 February 2011. Retrieved 10 September 2010.
                        9. 1 2 "General election 1932: Limerick". ElectionsIreland.org. Archived from the original on 21 February 2011. Retrieved 10 September 2010.
                        10. 1 2 "General election 1933: Limerick". ElectionsIreland.org. Archived from the original on 21 February 2011. Retrieved 10 September 2010.
                        11. 1 2 "General election 1937: Limerick". ElectionsIreland.org. Archived from the original on 21 February 2011. Retrieved 10 September 2010.
                        12. 1 2 "General election 1938: Limerick". ElectionsIreland.org. Archived from the original on 21 February 2011. Retrieved 10 September 2010.
                        13. 1 2 "General election 1943: Limerick". ElectionsIreland.org. Archived from the original on 30 January 2011. Retrieved 10 September 2010.
                        14. 1 2 "General election 1944: Limerick". ElectionsIreland.org. Archived from the original on 21 February 2011. Retrieved 10 September 2010.
                        15. 1 2 "General election 2011: Limerick". ElectionsIreland.org. Archived from the original on 28 February 2011. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
                        16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Gallagher, Michael (1993). Irish Elections 1922-44: Results and Analysis. PSAI Press. ISBN 0951974815.

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