Lahav
לַהַב | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Etymology: Blade | |
  Lahav | |
| Coordinates: 31°22′42″N 34°52′13″E / 31.37833°N 34.87028°E | |
| Country | Israel |
| District | Southern |
| Council | Bnei Shimon |
| Affiliation | Kibbutz Movement |
| Founded | 1952 |
| Founded by | Nahal |
| Population (2021)[1] | 657 |
Lahav (Hebrew: לַהַב, lit. 'Blade') is a kibbutz in southern Israel. Located around 20 km north of Beersheba and covering 33,000 dunams, it falls under the jurisdiction of Bnei Shimon Regional Council. In 2021 it had a population of 657.[1]
History
The kibbutz was established in 1952 and was initially named Tziklag (Hebrew: צקלג) after the Biblical city of Ziklag, which was thought to have been located nearby. Originally the founders had been unsure whether to settle in the Negev or Galilee, but accepted a government decision that settling on Tel Halif (Tell el-Khuweilifeh)[2] in the Negev was more important. After a few years, the kibbutz was renamed Lahav in honour of the Nahal group which established it.
Climate
| Climate data for Lahav (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 27.3 (81.1) |
30.6 (87.1) |
36.5 (97.7) |
39.1 (102.4) |
43.0 (109.4) |
41.9 (107.4) |
41.2 (106.2) |
41.0 (105.8) |
42.9 (109.2) |
39.6 (103.3) |
33.9 (93.0) |
30.4 (86.7) |
43.0 (109.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 15.5 (59.9) |
16.8 (62.2) |
20.2 (68.4) |
25.1 (77.2) |
29.4 (84.9) |
32.0 (89.6) |
33.5 (92.3) |
33.6 (92.5) |
31.7 (89.1) |
28.6 (83.5) |
22.9 (73.2) |
17.7 (63.9) |
25.6 (78.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 11.6 (52.9) |
12.5 (54.5) |
15.0 (59.0) |
18.8 (65.8) |
22.4 (72.3) |
24.9 (76.8) |
26.7 (80.1) |
27.0 (80.6) |
25.6 (78.1) |
23.0 (73.4) |
18.3 (64.9) |
13.7 (56.7) |
20.0 (68.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 7.7 (45.9) |
8.2 (46.8) |
9.8 (49.6) |
12.5 (54.5) |
15.4 (59.7) |
17.9 (64.2) |
19.9 (67.8) |
20.4 (68.7) |
19.3 (66.7) |
17.3 (63.1) |
13.7 (56.7) |
9.7 (49.5) |
14.3 (57.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 0.3 (32.5) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
2.4 (36.3) |
3.7 (38.7) |
9.0 (48.2) |
12.7 (54.9) |
14.9 (58.8) |
16.6 (61.9) |
14.2 (57.6) |
10.0 (50.0) |
5.3 (41.5) |
0.9 (33.6) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 87.7 (3.45) |
57.7 (2.27) |
40.8 (1.61) |
9.3 (0.37) |
4.1 (0.16) |
0.8 (0.03) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.1 (0.00) |
10.0 (0.39) |
32.7 (1.29) |
61.5 (2.42) |
304.7 (12.00) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 7.4 | 6.3 | 4.4 | 1.4 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 3.3 | 6.1 | 31.0 |
| Source: NOAA[3] | |||||||||||||
Archaeology
The ancient settlement of Tel Halif flourished at the time of ancient Egypt. It was a 7-acre site, and it was occupied from Chalcolithic times. Also, significant Early Bronze Age remains have been found. During the Late Bronze period, an Egyptian “residence building” had been discovered.[4] This was the period corresponding to the New Kingdom of Egypt, with several other similar sites found in this area.[5]
Significant discoveries were made during the excavations in 1994 at the 'Silo site' in the Nahal Tillah area. Protodynastic and Early Dynastic Egyptian buildings remains and pottery vessels were found. Also, a clay seal impression was found, as well as a sherd bearing the serekh symbol of King Narmer.[6]
The settlement continued to flourish during the Iron Age II period, when it was fortified. It was also active during the Persian period; many figurine fragments have been discovered from that time.[7]
Economy
The economy of Kibbutz Lahav is based on agriculture (both crops and livestock) and two industrial ventures: a plant for plastic containers (Dolav) owned and operated jointly with the neighboring kibbutz, Dvir, and a meat processing plant.
In 1963, Lahav established the Institute for Animal Research with guidance from leading scientists from the Hebrew University's Faculty of Agriculture, which is the only research facility in Israel specializing in raising pigs.[8][9] According to a 1963 law, pigs can be legally raised in kibbutzim (or more generally on land leased from the state) only for research purposes, but meat from surplus animals may be sold.[10] While all other kibbutzim abandoned pig farming to comply with the 1963 law, Lahav transferred its pig farm to its new organization, the Institute for Animal Research, which continues to supply Lahav's meat processing factory with surplus pigs. Lahav's pork and other meat products are nationally marketed in non-kosher food stores all over Israel, and the Lahav brand is a major competitor to non-kosher meat products of Mizra.
The production of pig meat has raised criticism since the Torah prohibits the consumption of pork, which goes against the prevailing narrative of Israel as a "Jewish state".
References
- 1 2 "Regional Statistics". Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
- ↑ Carta's Official Guide to Israel and Complete Gazetteer to all Sites in the Holy Land. (3rd edition 1993) Jerusalem, Carta, p.295, ISBN 965-220-186-3
- ↑ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Lahav". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 10, 2024.
- ↑ Tell Halif BIBLICAL ARCHAEOLOGY SOCIETY
- ↑ Massafra, Angela (2018), Hybridisation of an imperial encounter: Egypt and the Wadi Gaza in the Late Bronze Age. (PhD thesis, University of Glasgow)
- ↑ Thomas E. Levy, Edwin C.M. van den Brink, Yuval Goren and David Alon, New Light on King Narmer and the Protodynastic Egyptian Presence in Canaan. Biblical Archaeologist 58:1 (March 1995), pp. 26–35
- ↑ Tell Halif BIBLICAL ARCHAEOLOGY SOCIETY
- ↑ Institute for Animal Research Archived 2008-12-24 at the Wayback Machine, Lahav.
- ↑ "Why these pigs are Israeli life-savers". The Jewish Chronicle. November 22, 2017. Retrieved April 16, 2019.
- ↑ "Knesset Bans Pig-raising in Israel; Farmers Get Year to Sell Stock". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. July 25, 1962. Retrieved April 16, 2019.