Klebsormidium
Scientific classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Viridiplantae
(unranked): Charophyta
Class: Klebsormidiophyceae
Order: Klebsormidiales
Family: Klebsormidiaceae
Genus: Klebsormidium
P.C.Silva, Mattox & W.H.Blackwell[1][2]
Species

See species list.

Klebsormidium bilatum

Klebsormidium is a genus of filamentous charophyte green algae comprising 20 species.[1] The name was proposed in 1972 to resolve confusion in application and status of Hormidium[Note 1] and was given for the German botanist Georg Albrecht Klebs.[Note 2]

The algae occurs mostly in soil and on moist substrates, nevertheless, aquatic and one marine species are also known. Many Klebsormidium-species are able to synthesize substances for UV protection, the so-called mycosporine-like amino acids. The draft genome sequence of Klebsormidium nitens NIES-2285 (called K. flaccidum at the time of publication) was published in 2014.[3]

Description

Klebsormidium forms uniseriate (one cell thick), unbranched filaments. Cells are cylindrical or barrel-shaped. The cell wall may be thin or thickened, and is sometimes made of H-shaped pieces. Each cell contains a single parietal chloroplast which encircles around 40 to 70% of the cell wall, usually with a single pyrenoid.[4]

Klebsormidium reproduces asexually but not sexually. It produces zoospores with two flagella, which are released from cells through a pore. It can also produce aplanospores and akinetes.[4]

The genus can be difficult to distinguish from Ulothrix, but Ulothrix tends to have chloroplasts that are wider and encircling nearly all of the cell.[4]

Species

The valid species currently considered to belong to this genus are:

  • Klebsormidium acidophilum
  • Klebsormidium bilatum
  • Klebsormidium crenulatum
  • Klebsormidium dissectum
  • Klebsormidium drouetii
  • Klebsormidium elegans
  • Klebsormidium flaccidum
  • Klebsormidium fluitans
  • Klebsormidium fragile
  • Klebsormidium klebsii
  • Klebsormidium lamellosum
  • Klebsormidium montanum
  • Klebsormidium mucosum
  • Klebsormidium nitens
  • Klebsormidium pseudostichococcus
  • Klebsormidium scopulinum
  • Klebsormidium sterile
  • Klebsormidium subtile
  • Klebsormidium subtilissimum
  • Klebsormidium tribonematoideum

The species of Klebsormidium are in critical need of a taxonomic revision. Traditional morphological characteristics used to delimit the taxa, such as the width of filaments or shape of cells, are unreliable and do not map well to phylogenetic groups.[5]

Notes

  1. ↑ Hormidium nitens G.A.Klebs 1896
  2. ↑ Georg Albrecht Klebs (1857-1918) Dinophyceae, Chrysophyceae and Xanthophyceae specialist

References

  1. 1 2 Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. (2008). "Klebsormidium". AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. Retrieved 2011-01-17.
  2. ↑ Silva, P.C.; Mattox, K.R.; Blackwell, W.H., Jr (1972). "The generic name Hormidium as applied to green algae". Taxon. 21 (5/6): 639–645. doi:10.2307/1219167. JSTOR 1219167.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ↑ Hori, Koichi; et al. (2014). "Klebsormidium flaccidum genome reveals primary factors for plant terrestrial adaptation". Nature Communications. 5: 3978. Bibcode:2014NatCo...5.3978H. doi:10.1038/ncomms4978. PMC 4052687. PMID 24865297.
  4. 1 2 3 John, David M.; Rindi, Fabio (2014). "Chapter 8. Filamentous (Nonconjugating) and Plantlike Green Algae". In Wehr, John D.; Sheath, Robert G.; Kociolek, J. Patrick (eds.). Freshwater Algae of North America: Ecology and Classification (2 ed.). Elsevier Inc. ISBN 978-0-12-385876-4.
  5. ↑ Rindi, Fabio; Guiry, Michael D.; López-Bautista, Juan M. (2008). "Distribution, Morphology, and Phylogeny Of Klebsormidium (Klebsormidiales, Charophyceae) in Urban Environments in Europe". Journal of Phycology. 44 (6): 1529–1540. doi:10.1111/j.1529-8817.2008.00593.x. PMID 27039867. S2CID 30622039.
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