Street art from ANZAC Day 2020, which fell during the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand

Kia kaha is a Māori phrase used by the people of New Zealand as an affirmation, meaning stay strong. The phrase has significant meaning for Māori: popularised through its usage by the 28th Māori Battalion during World War II, it is found in titles of books and songs, as well as a motto.

Linguistically, "kia kaha" consists of the desiderative verbal particle kia, used here as 'an encouragement to achieve the state named',[1] that is, to achieve kaha or strength. Kaha derives from Proto-Polynesian *kafa, meaning "strong" or "great"; *kafa is also the Proto-Polynesian term for sennit rope, a strong rope made from coconut fibres and used for lashing canoes, weapons, and buildings together.

Usage

The phrase is used in several different contexts. It is a term of comfort or solace (an equivalent of be strong – my thoughts are with you), or (less often) it can serve a similar function to 'kia ora' – an interjection during a speech to indicate support or approval (similar to hear! hear!). It is sometimes seen used as a valediction at the bottom of messages.

In the media

The phrase "Kia kaha" is prominently used in New Zealand's most famous military song, the Marching Song of the 28th Māori Battalion.[2] The phrase has been used for the title of a song by Split Enz and a book, Kia Kaha: New Zealand in the Second World War by historian John Crawford. Other songs to use Kia kaha as part of their titles include "Kia Kaha Nga Iwi" (Be strong, o tribes), by Ngoi Pewhairangi.[3]

In Athletics

Steven Adams, starting center for the Oklahoma City Thunder wears Kia Kaha on the back of his jersey, as a part of the 2019–2020 NBA season restart.[4]

In product names and campaigns

Kia kaha has been used as the name of various products, most notably a clothing manufacturer.[5] It is also the official name of the New Zealand Police's school anti-bullying campaign.[6]

As a motto

It was adopted as a part of the motto by the Royal Air Force's No. 75 Squadron in World War II and was transferred to the newly formed No. 75 Squadron RNZAF just after the war ended. Ake ake kia kaha translates as 'ake ake' meaning '(for)ever and (for)ever' and 'kia kaha' meaning 'be strong'. Ake! Ake! Kia Kaha E! was the marching song of the New Zealand Army's 28th (Māori) Battalion.

Numerous schools use Kia kaha as, or as part of, their mottoes, including Te Aute College, Hawke's Bay (Whakatangata kia kaha); Tikipunga High School, Whangarei (Kia kaha, kia maia, kia manawanui); Golden Bay High School, Takaka (Ake ake kia kaha); Rotorua Intermediate School, Rotorua (Kia kaha, kia maia); and Rosehill Intermediate School, Papakura (Whaia kia kaha) and Te Awamutu Te Awamutu College, Kingwood Park High school (Kia Kaha) and Richmond Primary School (Kia Kaha).

Queen Alexandra's Mounted Rifles (QAMR), an armoured regiment based at Waiouru, also uses Ake Ake Kia Kaha as its motto.

Kia kaha is also used in the film Forever Strong, and is the motto of the Highland High School rugby team which features in the film.

Christchurch Earthquake

When the 6.3 magnitude earthquake hit the New Zealand city of Christchurch on 22 February 2011, following 4 September 2010 earthquake, Kia Kaha became the iconic phrase used by family and friends supporting the city in their time of need. The New Zealand Herald reported the use of the phrase by Prince William at a memorial service on 18 March 2011 "drew applause and tears from tens of thousands of mourners".[7]

A video made by New Zealanders living in New York included the phrase in a message to their loved ones in Christchurch.

Christchurch mosque shootings

Kia Kaha was used by the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge and the Duke and Duchess of Sussex in their statements after the Christchurch mosque shootings.[8]

Prince William used the term twice after the Christchurch tragedy.

References

  1. ↑ Winifred Bauer, 1997. The Reed Reference Grammar of Māori. Reed, page 99.
  2. ↑ Lyrics and music from NZ Folk Song site
  3. ↑ Lyrics and music from NZ Folk Song site
  4. ↑ "Steven Adams chooses Māori 'Kia Kaha' for Oklahoma City Thunder jersey message".
  5. ↑ Kia Kaha Clothing Archived 2 September 2008 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ↑ NZ Police Kia Kaha site
  7. ↑ "Memorial Service: 'Kia kaha', says Prince William". New Zealand Herald. 18 March 2011.
  8. ↑ "Message to the people of New Zealand from The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge and The Duke and Duchess of Sussex". Royal.uk. 15 March 2019.
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