Capitán
Juan José Canaveris
Personal details
Born
Juan José Ramón de Canaveris Jugluns

January 19, 1780
Buenos Aires
DiedOctober 18, 1837
Buenos Aires
Resting placeCementerio del Norte
Political partyFederal (Lomo Negro)
SpouseMaría Agustina Denis (1785–1823)
ChildrenMaría Manuela Canaveris
Juan Manuel Canaveris
María Justa Canaveris
Manuel José Canaveris
José María Canaveris
Patricia Canaveris
Feliciano Canaveris
Gerónimo Canaveris
Donata Canaveris
RelativesÁngel Canaveris
(grandson)
Sinforoso Canaveris
(nephew)
Juan Miguel de Esparza
(grandfather)
Juan José Rocha y Esparza
(cousin)
Juan Manuel Bayá
(nephew)
Occupationarmy
teacher
lawyer
government
merchant
Professionjurist
Signature
Military service
AllegianceSpanish Empire Spanish Empire — until 1810
Argentina United Provinces of the River Plate
Branch/service Argentine Army
Years of service1806-1828
RankCaptain
UnitCuerpo de Quinteros y Labradores
Regimiento de Patricios
CommandsCreole militias of Buenos Aires
Inspección y Comandancia General de Armas
Battles/warsBritish invasions of the Río de la Plata
Argentine Civil Wars

Juan José Canaveris (1780–1837) was an Argentine jurist and politician, who served as military man, lawyer, notary, prosecutor and accountant of Buenos Aires. In 1809 he was honored by the Junta Suprema de Sevilla, for his heroic participation in the defense of Buenos Aires, during the English invasions in the Río de la Plata.[1]

He took an active part during the post colonial period of Argentina serving in the Comisaría de Guerra and the Ministerio de Hacienda of the United Provinces of the Rio de la Plata. He belonged to the dissident faction of the Federal Party led by Juan José Viamonte, a political opponent of Juan Manuel de Rosas.[2]

Early years

Notice about private school

He was born in Buenos Aires, the son of Juan Canaveris and Catalina Bernarda de Esparza, belonging to a distinguished family. He possibly did his elementary studies at the Royal College of San Carlos, and tertiary studies at the National University of Córdoba, where he received his law degree. He began his career as government official in the early of 1800s, being later appointed to the position of notary at the Tribunal Mayor de Cuentas in 1810.[3]

He took an active part in the defense of the city during the British invasions of the Río de la Plata, serving as assistant in the Cuerpo de Quinteros y Labradores, a cavalry unit[4] under the command of Antonio Luciano Ballester and Juan Clavería, distinguished landowners of the Province of Buenos Aires.

For his heroic actions during the invasions Canaveris was awarded by order of the Supreme Junta of Seville, who in the name of Ferdinand VII of Spain, he was promoted to the rank of Captain of the Militias.[5] The Corps of Quinteros was conformed in its majority by farmers, ranchers and gauchos from the Province of Buenos Aires.[6]

He ran various advertisements in the major newspapers of his time, including the Gazeta de Buenos Aires.[7] In 1826 he was entrusted by the Captain José María Palomeque with the arrangements for the sale of a farm located in the town of Quilmes, published on September 23 of this year by La Gaceta Mercantil.[8]

He had a long activity as a criminal lawyer of the United Provinces of the Rio de la Plata,[9] serving as legal representative of people from the patrician society, as well as the poor peasants of the Campaign area (Buenos Aires Province). He began his career as a lawyer towards the end of the colonial period, taking an active part in litigation matters,[10] including his services to Colonel Francisco Montes Larrea, a respectable military man, who had suffered an assault in the Fonda de los Tres Reyes.[11]

He also served as procurador del número (justice assistant) of Buenos Aires between 1826 and 1833. He is registered providing services as a procurador for the City of Buenos Aires in the Guia de la Ciudad y Almanaque de Comercio de Buenos Aires para el Año de 1826 and Guia de la Ciudad y Almanaque de Comercio de Buenos Aires para el Año de 1833, a guide and calendar published by the French roots lawyer Juan José María Blondel, established in the city since the early 1820s.[12]

He also had an active participation in the beginnings of Argentine education, a pioneer in the application of the Lancasterian method in the Río de la Plata. He had a school of first letters located a few meters from the Church of San Miguel de Arcangel.[13]

Political life

José Canaveri in The British Packet of August 1, 1835.

Like all members of his family, Juan José Canaveris supported the May Revolution and the Argentine War of Independence. Between 1815 and 1819 he served in the Junta de Observación,[14] in Comisaría de Guerra, and in the Ministerio de Hacienda of Buenos Aires.[15] He served in the Honorable Junta de Representantes in 1820,[16] and was appointed to occupy the position of accountant of the Tribunal de Cuentas of Buenos Aires in 1821.[17]

He and his family were involved in political conflicts between federales and unitarios, occurred during the Argentine Civil War. He was present together with Miguel José de Azcuénaga and Gervasio Espinosa,[18] at the house of Governor Juan José Viamonte, when his house was attacked with shots by bandits belonging to the Sociedad Popular Restauradora.[19] The Viamonte meeting took place during his second term as governor of Buenos Aires, and it is mentioned in the personal correspondence of Encarnación Ezcurra to her husband Juan Manuel de Rosas.[20]

In 1830, Canaveris served in the Inspección and Comandancia General de Armas, taking an active part in the enrollment of volunteers to be incorporated into the Regiment of Patricians.[21]

He was also involved in the beginnings of the economic institutions of the Río de la Plata, taking part in the National Bank meetings with distinguished figures of his time, like the Italian journalist Pedro de Ángelis, the English Thomas Gowland and Juan Zimmermann, a businessman belonging to the German community of Buenos Aires.[22]

In 1833, he was part of the jury charged with ensuring the freedom of the press in the Argentina.[23] He belonged to the moderate sector of the Federal Party, known as "lomos negros". He suffered political persecution during the government of Juan Manuel de Rosas, being accused of Unitario in 1835.[24]

Retired from political activity Juan José Canaveris returned to practice his career as a lawyer and accountant towards the end of his life. In 1835, he published several notices in the Weekly British Packet, and Argentine News, offering his services as a lawyer and accountant to the American and Anglo-Argentine community of Buenos Aires.[25]

Family

Calle de la Piedad, corner Reconquista by 1880

Juan Joseph Canaveris was married to Agustina Denis, daughter of Juan Denis and María Silva, a distinguished Creole family, descendants of settlers from Ireland and Portugal.[26]

He lived all his life in his father's house, located on Calle de la Piedad, between Reconquista and 25 de Mayo, neighborhood of San Nicolás.[27] He was neighbor of Vicente Anastasio Echevarría (colonial period), and by a large number of English and Irish people installed in the neighborhood, including Edmundo Cranwell.[28] He was registered with Julian Viola and Teresa Posadas (daughter of Gervasio Antonio de Posadas)[29] in the Censo de 1827 of Buenos Aires.[30]

Several members of his family including siblings, cousins, and nephews were divided over political issues.[31] His son Juan Manuel Canaveris, had participated in the military escort the remains of Manuel Dorrego from Navarro to the La Recoleta Cemetery.[32] He actively served in the early days of the Rosas government, later having to go into exile in Montevideo.[33]

His other son Feliciano Canaveris also military, was assassinated in January 1843 in the vicinity of Tacuarembó, and his execution was attributed to General Manuel Oribe.[34]

His nephew-in-law was Colonel Francisco Crespo y Denis, a patriot who took part in the Argentine War of Independence. His family was directly linked to Colonel Francisco Pantaleón Luna, who served as Lieutenant Governor of La Rioja Province.

His daughter, Patricia Canaveris Denis, born on March 17, 1811 (Saint Patrick's Day)[35] received a state pension for the services rendered by his father to the National State.[36]

He was in charge of the funeral arrangements for his mother, Catalina Bernarda Esparza de Canaveris, who died on December 17, 1832, in the town of San Isidro. Her remains were transferred from San Isidro to Buenos Aires, to be buried in the Santo Domingo Convent.[37]

It is not clear if the legitimate father's last name was Canaveris or "Jugluns", a surname possibly of French origin (Juglan, present in the Provence region), and completely unknown in the Piedmont region. His idiosyncrasy and that of his brothers and family was not at all like the French or Italian community of the colonial and post-colonial period of Buenos Aires, and it is quite possible that their paternal ancestors were of noble or bourgeois origin. Historically they lived in places of Buenos Aires where English, Scottish and Irish communities were established.[38]

References

  1. ↑ Historia general de las antiguas colonias hispano-americanas ..., Volumen 3, Argentina, 1875
  2. ↑ Historia de la Argentina, Volumen 8, Vicente D. Sierra, 1956
  3. ↑ Genoese Trade and Migration in the Spanish Atlantic, 1700–1830, Catia Brilli, 26 April 2016, ISBN 9781107132924
  4. ↑ Tomas de razón de despachos militares, cédulas de premio, retiros, empleos civiles y eclesiásticos, donativos, etc., 1740 a 1821, G. Kraft, impresor, 1925, 1925
  5. ↑ Invasiones inglesas al Río de la Plata 1806–1807, Colección histórica ;30, Marcos de Estrada, 2006, ISBN 9789871206438
  6. ↑ Diario de Buenos Aires: 1806-1807, Alberto Mario Salas, 1981
  7. ↑ Gaceta de Buenos Aires (1810-1821): 4. enero 1817-29. dic. 1819, Compañía sud-americana de billetes de banco, 1914
  8. ↑ Un premio olvidado en Buenos Aires y otros avisos, La Gaceta, 16 December 2018
  9. ↑ Almanaque político y de comercio para 1826, Jean José María Blondel, 1969
  10. ↑ Un maldito Derecho: Leyes, jueces y revolución en la Buenos Aires ..., Magdalena Candioti, 2018, ISBN 9789873620638
  11. ↑ El Piloto (1825-1826), Estado Mayor del Ejército, Departamento de Estudios Históricos, 1975
  12. ↑ Almanaque político y de comercio para 1826, Jean José María Blondel, 1969
  13. ↑ Cuarto Congreso Internacional de Historia de América, Academia Nacional de la Historia, 1966
  14. ↑ Acuerdos del extinguido Cabildo de Buenos Aires, Talleres gráficos de la Penitenciaria nacional, 1930
  15. ↑ Registro nacional de la República Argentina 1810/1821, República Argentina, 1879
  16. ↑ Tomas de razón de despachos militares, Archivo General de la Nación (Argentina), 1925
  17. ↑ Publicaciones del Archivo Histórico de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, República Argentina, 1933
  18. ↑ Unitarismo, federalismo, rosismo, Ediciones Pannedille, 1972, 1972
  19. ↑ Historia Argentina T 2 D Santillan Desde La Liberacion De Chile Hasta La Constitucion De La Prov De Bs As TEA 1965, Diego Abad de Santillán
  20. ↑ Doña Encarnación Ezcurra de Rosas, correspondencia inédita, Ezcurra de Rosas, Encarnación; Conde Montero, Manuel; Rosas, Juan Manuel José Domingo Ortiz de, 1793-1877, 1923
  21. ↑ Aviso de la Inspección y Comandancia General de Armas, El Lucero, Diario Político, Literario y Mercantil.
  22. ↑ National Bank, The British Packet, and Argentine News
  23. ↑ Registro Oficial, Volumen 12, Buenos Aires (Argentina : Province), 1833
  24. ↑ Noticias historicas de la Republica Argentina, Volumen2, Ignacio Benito Núñez, Julio Nuñuz, 1857
  25. ↑ Notice, British Packet, and Argentine News No. 467 (Trapalanda digital)
  26. ↑ Matrimonios 1760-1808, Nuestra Señora de La Merced
  27. ↑ Gaceta de Buenos Aires (1810–1821), Trapalanda:biblioteca digital
  28. ↑ Tradiciones de Buenos Aires: 1 , 3.- sér, Volumen 8, Pastor Servando Obligado, 1888
  29. ↑ Biblioteca humanidades, Volumen26, Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación, 1941
  30. ↑ Censo de 1827, Archivo General de la Nación Argentina
  31. ↑ Amalia, José Mármol, January 2014, ISBN 9788498971057
  32. ↑ El Lucero, diario político, literario y mercantil (1829–1833). (PDF), Imprenta Argentina (Acervo Digital)
  33. ↑ Historia política y militar de las repúblicas del Plata desde el año de 1828 hasta el de 1866, Volume 6, Antonio Díaz, 1878
  34. ↑ Montevideo: Apuntes históricos de la defensa de la república, Volumen 1, Uruguay, 1845
  35. ↑ Bautismos en Buenos Aires, FamilySearch
  36. ↑ Registro oficial de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, 1876
  37. ↑ Testamentaría de Catalina Bernarda Esparza de Canaveri, Archivo General de la Nación Argentina
  38. ↑ Documentos para la historia Argentina. Instituto de Historia Argentina "Doctor Emilio Ravignani". 1913.
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