The Right Reverend

Johannes Browallius
Bishop of Turku
Oil on canvas portrait of Johannes Browallius by Margareta Capsia, Helsinki University Museum, 1750
ChurchChurch of Sweden
DioceseTurku
Appointed3 March 1749
In office1749–1755
PredecessorJonas Fahlenius
SuccessorKarl Fredrik Mennander
Orders
Ordination1746
Consecration1749
by Henric Benzelius
Personal details
Born(1707-08-30)30 August 1707
Västerås, Swedish Empire
Died25 July 1755(1755-07-25) (aged 47)
Turku, Finland
BuriedTurku Cathedral
NationalitySwedish
DenominationLutheran
ParentsAnders Browallius & Katarina Sigtunia
SpouseElisabet Ehrenholm

Johannes Browallius (30 August 1707 – 25 July 1755), also called John Browall, was a Finnish and Swedish Lutheran theologian, physicist, botanist and at one time friend of Swedish taxonomist Carl Linnaeus.[1]

Career

He was a Professor of Physics from 1737–46, Professor of Theology 1746–49 and was the Bishop of Turku, then a diocese of the Church of Sweden, and Vice-Chancellor of The Royal Academy of Turku from 1749 until his death in 1755.[2]

He was an elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1740.

Botanical activities

In 1735 seeds of a plant collected in Panama by Robert Millar were donated to Philip Miller of the Chelsea Physic Garden in London. The plants were grown on and forwarded to the Royal Society but with the name Dalea. This plant was named Browallia (Species Plantarum 2: 631. 1753 [1 May 1753]; Genera Plantarum ed. 5, 1754) by the famous plant taxonomist Carl Linnaeus in honour of his fellow countryman and botanical colleague. Linnaeus’s principles of botanical nomenclature were first expounded in Fundamenta Botanica of 1736 and these were later elaborated, with numerous examples, in his Critica Botanica of 1737. The book was published in Germany when Linnaeus was 29 and the title page carries a discursus by Johannes Browall. The friendship was not to last. Coombes notes "Browallia demissa (weak). Renamed by Linnaeus from B. elata (tall) after falling out with Browall."[3]

Browall had advised the young Linnaeus to finish his studies abroad, then marry a rich girl – even though he was already engaged to Sara Lisa Moraea.[4] Linnaeus did, indeed, spend the winter of 1737–1738 in Leiden, travelling on to France. While abroad, he was sent news that "his best friend B." had taken advantage of his absence to court Sara Lisa Moraea and had almost succeeded in persuading her that her fiance would never return to Sweden. However, the bishop’s suit failed; Sara Lisa and Linnaeus were married in 1739. The entry under Browallia grandiflora in Curtis’s Botanical Magazine of 1831 reports:

The intimacy and subsequent rupture between Browall and Linnaeus were commemorated by the latter in the specific appellations which he bestowed on the only three individuals of the genus then known. B. elata expresses the degree of their union; B. demissa its cessation; while the ambiguous name of a third species, B. alienata, while it intimates the uncertain characteristics of the plant, implies the subsequent difference between the two parties.

— [5]

Publications

De scientia naturali, eiusque methodo, 1737
  • De scientia naturali, eiusque methodo (in Latin). Uppsala: Ludvig Decreaux. 1737.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Johannes Browallius". Nordisk familjebok. Retrieved November 1, 2016.
  2. ↑ Finland National Museum in Helsinki
  3. ↑ Coombes,1989. Allen J. Dictionary of Plant Names. Timber Press: Portland, Oregon.
  4. ↑ Stafleu, Frans A. 1971. Linnaeus and the Linnaeans: the Spreading of their Ideas in Systematic Botany, 1735–1789. Utrecht: International Association for Plant Taxonomy. ISBN 90-6046-064-2.
  5. ↑ Harrison, Mary. Plant History: Expanding the Horizons of a Small Garden
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