Jackson County
County
Jackson County courthouse in Jefferson
Jackson County courthouse in Jefferson
Official seal of Jackson County
Seal
Map of Georgia highlighting Jackson County
Location within the U.S. state of Georgia
Map of the United States highlighting Georgia
Georgia's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 34°08′N 83°34′W / 34.13°N 83.56°W / 34.13; -83.56
Country United States
State Georgia
Founded1796 (1796)
Named forJames Jackson
SeatJefferson
Largest cityJefferson
Area
 • Total343 sq mi (890 km2)
 • Land340 sq mi (900 km2)
 • Water3.4 sq mi (9 km2)  1.0%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total75,907
 • Density223/sq mi (86/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional district9th
Websitewww.jacksoncountygov.com

Jackson County is a county located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 75,907.[1] The county seat is Jefferson.[2]

Jackson County comprises the Jefferson, GA Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Atlanta-Athens-Clarke County-Sandy Springs, GA Combined Statistical Area.

History

Most of the first non-Native American settlers came from Effingham County in 1786.[3] On February 11, 1796, Jackson County was split off from part of Franklin County, Georgia. The new county was named in honor of Revolutionary War Lieutenant Colonel, Congressman, Senator and Governor James Jackson.[4] The county originally covered an area of approximately 1,800 square miles (4,662.0 km2), with Clarksboro as its first county seat.

In 1801, the Georgia General Assembly granted 40,000 acres (160 km2) of land in Jackson County for a state college. Franklin College (now University of Georgia) began classes the same year, and the city of Athens was developed around the school. Also the same year, a new county was developed around the new college town, and Jackson lost territory to the new Clarke. The county seat was moved to an old Indian village called Thomocoggan, a location with ample water supply from Curry Creek and four large springs. In 1804, the city was renamed Jefferson, after Thomas Jefferson.

Jackson lost more territory in 1811 in the creation of Madison County, in 1818 in the creation of Walton, Gwinnett, and Hall counties, in 1858 in the creation of Banks County,[5] and in 1914 in the creation of Barrow County.

The first county courthouse, a log and wooden frame building with an attached jail, was built on south side of the public square; a second, larger, two-story brick courthouse with a separate jailhouse was built in 1817. In 1880, a third was built on a hill north of the square. This courthouse was the oldest continuously operating courthouse in the United States until 2004, when the current courthouse was constructed north of Jefferson.

Law and government

Jackson County Board of Commissioners[6]
Commission post Office holder
Chairman Tom Crow (Jackson County, Georgia)
District 1 - Central Jackson Jim Hix
District 2 - North Jackson Chas Hardy
District 3 - West Jackson Ralph Richardson Jr.
District 4 - East Jackson Marty Seagraves
United States presidential election results for Jackson County, Georgia[7]
Year Republican Democratic Third party
No. %No. %No. %
2020 29,502 78.29% 7,642 20.28% 541 1.44%
2016 21,784 79.44% 4,491 16.38% 1,146 4.18%
2012 19,135 80.59% 4,238 17.85% 372 1.57%
2008 17,776 77.23% 4,950 21.51% 290 1.26%
2004 12,611 77.84% 3,468 21.40% 123 0.76%
2000 7,878 67.71% 3,420 29.39% 337 2.90%
1996 4,782 50.38% 3,746 39.46% 964 10.16%
1992 3,976 43.38% 3,792 41.37% 1,397 15.24%
1988 4,407 62.56% 2,607 37.00% 31 0.44%
1984 4,202 60.73% 2,717 39.27% 0 0.00%
1980 2,209 31.79% 4,591 66.07% 149 2.14%
1976 1,239 17.28% 5,931 82.72% 0 0.00%
1972 4,124 79.63% 1,055 20.37% 0 0.00%
1968 1,139 18.52% 1,537 25.00% 3,473 56.48%
1964 1,664 29.62% 3,953 70.38% 0 0.00%
1960 472 11.44% 3,653 88.56% 0 0.00%
1956 438 12.38% 3,100 87.62% 0 0.00%
1952 409 10.91% 3,341 89.09% 0 0.00%
1948 145 6.53% 1,866 83.98% 211 9.50%
1944 221 11.19% 1,754 88.81% 0 0.00%
1940 166 9.37% 1,599 90.29% 6 0.34%
1936 187 7.09% 2,447 92.76% 4 0.15%
1932 80 5.39% 1,389 93.54% 16 1.08%
1928 818 48.78% 859 51.22% 0 0.00%
1924 142 11.70% 993 81.80% 79 6.51%
1920 334 23.81% 1,069 76.19% 0 0.00%
1916 71 5.23% 1,185 87.26% 102 7.51%
1912 46 2.65% 1,123 64.65% 568 32.70%

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 343 square miles (890 km2), of which 340 square miles (880 km2) is land and 3.4 square miles (8.8 km2) (1.0%) is water.[8]

The vast majority of Jackson County is located in the Upper Oconee River sub-basin of the Altamaha River basin, with just a small portion of the county's northern edge, between Maysville to just east of Commerce, located in the Broad River sub-basin of the Savannah River basin.[9]

Rivers and creeks

Adjacent counties

Transportation

Major highways

Pedestrians and cycling

  • Fox Smallwood Dr Trail[10]
  • American Veterans Memorial Park Trail
  • Commerce Middle School Track
  • Curry Creek Reservoir Trail
  • Jefferson Memorial Stadium Track
  • East Jackson Park Walking Trail
  • South Jackson Elementary Nature Trail & Walking Track
  • Hurricane Shoals Nature Trail
  • Sells Mill Nature Trail
  • Sandy Creek Park Walking Trail
  • Braselton Riverwalk Trail
  • East Jackson High School Track
  • W Jackson Middle School Track
  • West Jackson Park Walking Track
  • Jackson County High School Track & Nature Trail

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18007,736—
181010,56936.6%
18208,355−20.9%
18309,0047.8%
18408,522−5.4%
18509,76814.6%
186010,6058.6%
187011,1815.4%
188016,29745.8%
189019,17617.7%
190024,03925.4%
191030,16925.5%
192024,654−18.3%
193021,609−12.4%
194020,089−7.0%
195018,997−5.4%
196018,499−2.6%
197021,09314.0%
198025,34320.1%
199030,00518.4%
200041,58938.6%
201060,48545.4%
202075,90725.5%
U.S. Decennial Census[11]
1790-1880[12]1890-1910[13]
1920-1930[14] 1930-1940[15]
1940-1950[16] 1960-1980[17]
1980-2000[18] 2010[19]

2020 census

Jackson County racial composition[20]
Race Num. Perc.
White (non-Hispanic) 59,064 77.81%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic) 5,136 6.77%
Native American 127 0.17%
Asian 1,744 2.3%
Pacific Islander 30 0.04%
Other/Mixed 3,094 4.08%
Hispanic or Latino 6,712 8.84%

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 75,907 people, 25,180 households, and 19,467 families residing in the county.

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 60,485 people, 21,343 households, and 16,479 families living in the county.[21] The population density was 178.1 inhabitants per square mile (68.8/km2). There were 23,752 housing units at an average density of 69.9 units per square mile (27.0 units/km2).[22] The racial makeup of the county was 86.8% white, 6.8% black or African American, 1.7% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 2.7% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 6.2% of the population.[21] In terms of ancestry,[23]

Of the 21,343 households, 40.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.9% were married couples living together, 11.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 22.8% were non-families, and 18.7% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.80 and the average family size was 3.18. The median age was 37.1 years.[21]

The median income for a household in the county was $51,506 and the median income for a family was $58,239. Males had a median income of $43,906 versus $33,248 for females. The per capita income for the county was $22,473. About 11.7% of families and 15.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.7% of those under age 18 and 12.1% of those age 65 or over.[24]

2000 census

As of the census[25] of 2000, there were 41,589 people, 15,057 households, and 11,488 families living in the county. The population density was 122 people per square mile (47 people/km2). There were 16,226 housing units at an average density of 47 units per square mile (18 units/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 89.00% White, 7.78% Black or African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.96% Asian, 1.07% from other races, and 1.01% from two or more races. 3.00% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 15,057 households, out of which 36.30% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.50% were married couples living together, 10.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.70% were non-families. 19.70% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.10.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.60% under the age of 18, 8.70% from 18 to 24, 31.80% from 25 to 44, 22.50% from 45 to 64, and 10.40% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 women there were 100.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.80 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $40,349, and the median income for a family was $46,211. Males had a median income of $34,063 versus $22,774 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,808. About 9.90% of families and 12.00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.30% of those under age 18 and 17.90% of those age 65 or over.

Education

Most of the county is in the Jackson County School District. Portions in Commerce and Jefferson are in, respectively, Commerce City School District and Jefferson City School District.[26]

Attractions

  • Chateau Elan (Braselton)
  • La Vaquita Flea Market (Pendergrass)
  • Mayfield Dairy Visitors Center (Braselton)
  • Sandy Creek Golf Course (Commerce)
  • Tanger Outlet Center (Commerce)

National Historic Places

Parks and cultural institutions

Events

  • Daisy Festival - May (first full weekend) (Nicholson)
  • Mule Days - May (Shields-Etheridge Farm)
  • Annual City Lights Festival - mid-June (Commerce)
  • Celebrate Braselton - July 4 (Braselton)
  • Art in the Park - mid-September (Hurricane Shoals)
  • Annual Fall Festival - September (last weekend) (Hoschton)
  • Jefferson High School and Jefferson Middle School Band Concerts - throughout the year (Jefferson)
  • Jackson County Comprehensive High School, East Jackson Comprehensive High School, East Jackson Middle School, West Jackson Middle School, and Legacy Knoll Middle School Band Concerts - throughout the year

Communities

Cities

Unincorporated communities

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Census - Geography Profile: Jackson County, Georgia". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 27, 2022.
  2. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. ↑ Nash, Gustavus James Nash (1914). The Early History of Jackson County, Georgia. Atlanta: W. E. White. p. 51. Retrieved May 21, 2016.
  4. ↑ Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off. p. 167.
  5. ↑ Green, James A. "Map of the County of Jackson by James A. Green". County Maps, Surveyor General, RG 3-9-66. Georgia Archives. Retrieved May 21, 2016.
  6. ↑ "Board of Commissioners".
  7. ↑ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
  8. ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  9. ↑ "Georgia Soil and Water Conservation Commission Interactive Mapping Experience". Georgia Soil and Water Conservation Commission. Retrieved November 18, 2015.
  10. ↑ "Walking Trails - Tourism - Jackson County Area Chamber of Commerce". Archived from the original on April 19, 2018. Retrieved April 18, 2018.
  11. ↑ "Decennial Census of Population and Housing by Decades". US Census Bureau.
  12. ↑ "1880 Census Population by Counties 1790-1800" (PDF). US Census Bureau. 1880.
  13. ↑ "1910 Census of Population - Georgia" (PDF). US Census Bureau. 1910.
  14. ↑ "1930 Census of Population - Georgia" (PDF). US Census Bureau. 1930.
  15. ↑ "1940 Census of Population - Georgia" (PDF). US Census Bureau. 1940.
  16. ↑ "1950 Census of Population - Georgia -" (PDF). US Census Bureau. 1950.
  17. ↑ "1980 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Georgia" (PDF). US Census Bureau. 1980.
  18. ↑ "2000 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - Georgia" (PDF). US Census Bureau. 2000.
  19. ↑ "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 3, 2011. Retrieved June 23, 2014.
  20. ↑ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved December 17, 2021.
  21. 1 2 3 "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
  22. ↑ "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
  23. ↑ "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
  24. ↑ "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
  25. ↑ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 14, 2011.
  26. ↑ "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Jackson County, GA" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved May 7, 2023. - Text list

34°08′N 83°34′W / 34.13°N 83.56°W / 34.13; -83.56

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