Most of the counties of England were divided into hundreds or wapentakes from the late Anglo-Saxon period and these were, with a few exceptions, effectively abandoned as administrative divisions in the 19th century.[1]
In Wales a similar Celtic system of division called cantrefi (a hundred farmsteads) had existed for centuries and was of particular importance in the administration of the Welsh law. Following the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542, Wales was divided into hundreds to be consistent with England.
Bedfordshire
- Barford
- Biggleswade
- Clifton
- Flitt
- Manshead
- Redbornestoke
- Stodden
- Willey
- Wixamtree
Berkshire
The County of Berkshire comprised 20 Hundreds and 193 parishes and parts of four others.[2] From The National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland (1868), Victoria County History Berkshire Vol 3 (1923)[3] & Vol 4 (1924)[4]
Buckinghamshire
Until at least the time of the Domesday Survey in 1086 there were 18 hundreds in Buckinghamshire.[11] It has been suggested however that neighbouring hundreds had already become more closely associated in the 11th century so that by the end of the 14th century the original or ancient hundreds had been consolidated into 8 larger hundreds.[12]
- Ashendon Hundred
- Aylesbury Hundred – consolidated from the eleventh century Aylesbury, Risborough and Stone hundreds
- Buckingham Hundred
- Cottesloe Hundred
- Newport Hundred
Chiltern Hundreds
Cambridgeshire
Cambridgeshire was divided into 17 hundreds, plus the borough of Cambridge. Each hundred had a separate council that met each month to rule on local judicial and taxation matters. In 1929 the hundreds contained the following parishes.[13][14]
Cheshire
From Harris, B. E., and Thacker, A. T. (1987). The Victoria History of the County of Chester. (Volume 1: Physique, Prehistory, Roman, Anglo-Saxon, and Domesday). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-722761-9.
Cornwall
In Cornwall, the name calqued cantrev
From GENUKI Genuki: Cornwall, Cornwall
- Penwith (Penwyth)
- Kerrier (Keryer)
- Pydar (Pedera)
- Powder (Pow Ereder)
- Trigg (Trigor)
- Lesnewth (Lysnowyth)
- Stratton (Stradneth)
- West (Fawy)
- East (Ryslegh)
For some purposes, the Isles of Scilly were counted as a tenth hundred.
Cumberland
Cumberland was divided into wards, analogous to hundreds. From the National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland Genuki: CUMBERLAND, England - History and Description, 1868, Cumberland
- Allerdale-above-Derwent
- Allerdale-below-Derwent
- Cumberland
- Eskdale
- Leath
Derbyshire
The civil divisions of Derbyshire were anciently called wapentakes. In the Domesday Survey of 1086 are mentioned the wapentakes of Scarvedale, Hamestan, Morlestan, Walecross, and Apultre, and a district called Peche-fers.[16] Divided into hundreds by 1273. From GENUKI Genuki: DERBYSHIRE, England - History and Description, 1868, Derbyshire (based on the 1868 Gazette):
- High Peak—Hamestan wapentake and perhaps Peche-fers district in 1086; Peck wapentake by 1273.
- Wirksworth—Called a wapentake as late as 1817.
- Scarsdale
- Morleston and Litchurch—Called in the Domesday Survey of 1086, Morlestan or Morleystone wapentake and Littlechurch wapentake,[17] and in the Hundred-Roll of 1273, Littlechirch; by 1300 combined as the hundred of Morleston and Litchurch.[18]
- Appletree
- Repton and Gresley—In 1274 formed the separate wapentakes of Repindon and Greselegh (owned by the King and the heirs of the Earl of Chester respectively); in 1086 the large Walecross wapentake.
Devon
In 1850 there were thirty-two hundreds in Devon according to White's History, Gazetteer, and Directory of Devonshire[19]
Dorset
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County Durham
County Durham was divided into wards, analogous to hundreds. From an 1840 map of County Durham Genuki: Co Durham in 1840, Durham.
- Chester-le-Street
- Sadberge
- Easington
- Stockton
Essex
- Barstable (sometimes spelled Barnstable)
- Becontree
- Chafford
- Chelmsford
- Clavering
- Dengie, known at the time of Domesday as Witbrictesherna (Wibrihtesherne) Hundred
- Dunmow
- Freshwell
- Harlow
- Liberty of Havering, also sometimes known as Romford Hundred
- Hinckford
- Lexden
- Ongar
- Rochford
- Tendring
- Thurstable
- Uttlesford
- Waltham
- Winstree
- Witham
According to essex1841.com Hundreds in the Essex 1841 census the 1841 census also recorded Harwich hundred, which the Victoria County History places within Tendring.
Gloucestershire
The thirty-nine hundreds mentioned in the Domesday Survey and the thirty-one hundreds of the Hundred Rolls of 1274 differ very widely in name and extent both from each other and from the twenty-eight hundreds of the present day. From the National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland Genuki: Miscellaneous Places, Gloucestershire, Gloucestershire
- Barton Regis
- Berkeley
- Bishop's Cleeve
- Bisley
- Bledisloe
- Botloe
- Bradley
- Brightwell's Barrow
- Cheltenham
- Cleeve
- Crowthorne-with-Minety
- Deerhurst
- Dudstone (upper, middle and lower divisions)
- Grumbalds Ash
- Henbury
- Kiftsgate (upper and lower divisions)
- Langley and Swinehead
- Longtree
- Lower Slaughter
- Lower Tewkesbury
- Lower Thornbury
- Pucklechurch
- Rapsgate
- St Briavels
- Tibaldstone
- Upper Slaughter
- Upper Tewkesbury[21]
- Upper Thornbury[22]
- Westbury
- Westminster
- Whitstone (upper and lower divisions) – absorbed the Blacklow hundred by 1220.
The Duchy of Lancaster (Gloucestershire) liberty was sometimes counted as a hundred.
Hampshire
The Domesday Survey mentions 44 hundreds in Hampshire,[23] recorded as HanteScire and abbreviated as Hante.[24] By the 14th century the number had been reduced to 37. The hundreds of East Medina and West Medina in the Isle of Wight are mentioned in 1316. The Isle of Wight obtained a county council of its own in 1890 and became a full ceremonial county in 1974.
Hampshire has in the past been named Southamptonshire and is so recorded in the Commonwealth Instrument of Government, 1653. The name of the administrative county was changed from 'County of Southampton' to 'County of Hampshire' on 1 April 1959. The short form of the name, often used in postal addresses, is Hants.
The 44 Domesday-era hundreds were: Amesbury, Andover, Ashley, Barton, Basingstoke, Bermondspit, Bosbarrow, Bosham, Bountisborough, Bowcombe, Brightford, Broughton, Buddlesgate, Calbourne, Chalton, Charldon, Chuteley, Crondall, Droxford, East Meon, Edgegate, Evingar, Falemere, Fareham, Farringdon, Fawley, Fordingbridge, Hoddington, Holdshott, Hurstbourne, Kingsclere, Mansbridge, Meonstoke, Micheldever, Neatham, Odiham, Overton, Portsdown, Redbridge, Ringwood, Somborne, Titchfield, Waltham, Welford
In the 19th century, the hundreds were listed as:
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Herefordshire
The hundreds mentioned in the Domesday Survey and the hundreds of the Hundred Rolls of 1274 differ very widely in name and extent both from each other and from the ten hundreds of the present day. Not included in the hundreds of Herefordshire at the time of Domesday, the sparsely populated Welch area of Archenfield included Ashe Ingen, Baysham and Kings Caple.[26]
From Domesday (1086):
- Bromsash
- Castlery[27]
- Cutestornes[28]
- Dinedor[29]
- Ewias[30]
- Greitrewes[31]
- Hazeltree – Hezetre[32]
- Plegelgete[33]
- Radlow[34]
- Sellack
- Stradel[35]
- Tornelaus[36]
From The National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland (1868) Genuki: Miscellaneous Places, Herefordshire, Herefordshire
Hertfordshire
(Danais & Tring added as per History of Hertfordshire)[48]
- Braughing
- Broadwater
- Cashio (Previously known as St Albans Hundred)
- Dacorum
- Danais (merged with Tring to form Dacorum)
- Edwintree
- Hertford
- Hitchin The hundred of Hitchin: Introduction and map | British History Online
- Odsey
- Tring (merged with Danais to form Dacorum)
Huntingdonshire
- Hurstingstone
- Leightonstone
- Norman Cross
- Toseland
Kent
From Kent Genealogy Kent Genealogy England. Early Medieval Kent was traditionally divided into East and West Kent, and into lathes and hundreds.
The hundreds contained parishes and portions of parishes. In many regions of England as well as Kent, an entire parish would be within one hundred, yet especially along rivers and estuaries which had previously seen invasion, the Kentish hundreds were smaller in area and "shared" parishes to institutionalize resiliency and collective responsibility for defence and justice.
East Kent
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Lathe of Scraye formed by mid-1200s from the half lathe of Milton (which consisted of the hundred of Milton and the Isle of Sheppey) and the Lathe of Wye (which consisted of the Isle of Harty (which is conjoined to the Isle of Sheppey) and many additional hundreds.
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Due to a judicial administrative reform in the mid-19th century, the some hundreds of the Lathe of Scray were moved from East Kent administration to West Kent administration:
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The Lathe of Shepway also included the Cinque Port Liberty of New Romney in Romney Marsh,[49] with the parish of Lydd as a limb of the Liberty.
West Kent
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plus the Lowey of Tonbridge
Lathe of Scraye (part)
In 1857 the provisions of the Act of 9 Geo. IV were invoked to re-examine the whole structure of Lathes and their divisions in providing for the administration of justice. The Lower Division of the Lathe of Scray, which formed the southernmost part of the Lathe, became part of West Kent, and consisted of the following Hundreds:
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Lancashire
Leicestershire
Leicestershire was originally divided into four wapentakes, but these were usually later described as hundreds. From the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica[50] after 1346 the six hundreds were:
In the Domesday Book, West Goscote and East Goscote made up just Goscote and Sparkenhoe did not yet exist. The division which brought East and West Goscote and Sparkenhoe into existence was made in 1346.
Lincolnshire
Lincolnshire was divided into three Parts, each of which was divided into wapentakes, analogous to hundreds.
From map on Lincolnshire County Council website:[51]
- Aswardhurn
- Aveland
- Boothby Graffoe (Higher and Lower divisions)
- Beltisloe
- Flaxwell
- Langoe (First and Second divisions)
- Loveden
- Ness
- Winnibriggs and Threo (wapentake)
- Parts of Lindsey
- North Riding of Lindsey
- Bradley-Haverstoe
- Ludborough
- Walshcroft (North and South divisions)
- Yarborough
- South Riding of Lindsey
- Calceworth (Marsh and Wold divisions)
- Candleshoe (Marsh and Wold divisions)
- Gartree[53] (North and South divisions)
- Hill
- Louth-Eske (Marsh and Wold divisions)
- Wraggoe (East and West divisions)
- West Riding of Lindsey
- Aslacoe (East and West divisions)
- Corringham
- Epworth[54] (compare Isle of Axholme)
- Manley (East, North, and West divisions)
- Lawress
- Well
Middlesex
- Edmonton
- Elthorne
- Gore
- Isleworth (recorded in 1086 as Hounslow)[55]
- Ossulstone
- Spelthorne
Norfolk
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Northamptonshire
In 1086, there were 39 hundreds in the county:[57] Alboldstow, Alwardsley, Barcheston, Beltisloe, Bloxham, Bumbelowe, Cleyley, Coleshill, Collingtree, Corby, Cuttlestone, Fawsley (Foxley), Gravesend (later absorbed into Fawsley Hundred),[58] Guilsborough, Hamfordshoe, Higham, Hunesberi, Huxloe, Kirtlington, Mawsley, Navisford, Navisland, Ness, Nobottle, Offlow, Orlingbury, Polebrook, Rothwell, Spelhoe, Stoke (By the time of the 'Nomina Villarum' a survey carried out in the first half of the 12th century, the Stoke Hundred had been absorbed into the Corby Hundred),[59] Stotfold, Sutton, Towcester, Upton, Warden, Willybrook, Witchley, Wootton and Wymersley.
From the Northamptonshire Family History Society[60] the hundreds in the 1800s are:
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The liberty and Soke of Peterborough was sometimes called Nassaburgh hundred.
Northumberland
Following the Harrying of the North and subsequent incursions from Scotland, the high sheriff of Northumberland was granted extraordinary powers. The county was subdivided into baronies, which were arranged in six wards and subdivided into constabularies.[63] The wards were analogous to hundreds. From the National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland (1868) GENUKI: The National Gazetteer of Great Britain and Ireland (1868) - Northumberland
Nottinghamshire
Nottinghamshire was divided into wapentakes, analogous to hundreds. From the Thoroton Society of Nottinghamshire The Thoroton Society of Nottinghamshire: Nottinghamshire
- Bassetlaw (North Clay, South Clay and Hatfield divisions)
- Bingham (North and South divisions)
- Broxtowe (North and South divisions)
- Newark (North and South divisions)
- Rushcliffe (North and South divisions)
- Thurgarton (North and South divisions)
Oxfordshire
From[66]
- Bampton[67][68]
- Banbury
- Binfield[69]
- Bloxham[70]
- Bullingdon
- Chadlington
- Dorchester
- Ewelme (Known as Benson hundred in 1070)[71]
- Kirtlington[72] - A hundred at the time of Domesday, it was combined to form the major portion of Ploughley hundred by 1169.
- Langtree
- Lewknor[73]
- Pyrton - Pirton is a later Latinised spelling.[74]
- Ploughley[75] - Name first mentioned in the form Pokedelawa hundred in the Pipe Roll of 1169.
- Thame
- Wootton - Includes the three hundreds dependent on the royal manor of Wootton in 1086[76] and sometimes called the "three hundreds of Wootton"[77] in the later 12th century: Shipton hundred,[78] (unknown name) hundred and pre-1086 Wootten hundred.[79] The hundred was later divided into two administrative regions:
- Wootton (Northern part) - 19 parishes including Barford St. Michael, Deddington, Glympton, Heythrop, Rousham, Sandford St. Martin, South Newington, Stonesfield, Tackley, Wootton, the Astons (North Aston and Steeple Aston), the Bartons (Steeple Barton and Westcott Barton), the Wortons (formed in 1932 by combining Nether Worton and Over Worton parishes), and the three Tews (Great Tew, Little Tew and Duns Tew).
- Wootton (Southern part) - 15 parishes and several extraparochial places[80]
- Within Woolton hundred yet separately administered were the areas of Oxford City & University,[81] Oxford City and Oxford Liberty.[82]
Rutland
- Alstoe
- East
- Martinsley
- Oakham
- Wrandike
Shropshire
From GENUKI[83]
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† — including the Shropshire exclave of Halesowen ‡ The liberties of the borough of Shrewsbury and priory/borough of Wenlock were extensive and are usually considered as hundreds (Wenlock was sometimes described as the "franchise of Wenlock").[85]
Somerset
From the National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland
Staffordshire
From GENUKI[86]
Suffolk
Surrey
.jpg.webp)
There are thirteen hundreds and one half hundred:
Sussex
Sussex was divided into rapes, and then hundreds.
Arundel Rape
The Arundel Rape covered nearly all of what is now West Sussex until about 1250, when it was split into two rapes the Arundel Rape and the Chichester Rape.[88] In 1834 it contained five hundreds sub-divided into fifty six parishes.[89]
- Avisford
- Bury
- Poling
- Rotherbridge
- West Easwrith
Bramber Rape
The Bramber Rape lies between the Rape of Arundel in the west and Lewes in the east. In 1834 it contained 40 parishes[90] in the following hundreds:
- Brightford
- Burbeach
- West Grinstead (Grensted in the Domesday Survey)
- Poling (once known as Rieberge)
- Singlecross
- Steyning
- Tarring (a peculier of the Archbishop of Canterbury)
- Tipnoak
as well as 3 half hundreds
- East Easwrith
- Fishersgate
- Wyndham
Chichester Rape
The combined Chichester and Arundel Rape covered nearly all of what is now West Sussex until about 1250, when it was split into two rapes the Arundel Rape and the Chichester Rape.[88] In 1834 it contained seven hundreds and seventy-four parishes.[91]
- Aldwick
- Bosham
- Box and Stockbridge
- Dumpford
- Easebourne
- Manhood
- Westbourne and Singleton
Hastings Rape
Medieval sources talk of a group of people who were separate to that of the South Saxons they were known as the Haestingas. The area of Sussex they occupied became the Rape of Hastings.[92] It encompassed the easternmost part of Sussex, with the county of Kent to its east and the Rape of Pevensey to its west. The Anglo-Saxon hundred of Hailesaltede[93] was later partitioned into Battle Hundred and Netherfield Hundred. In 1833, the Rape of Hastings had 13 hundreds giving a total of about 154,060 acres.[94]
Lewes Rape
The Rape of Lewes is bounded by the Rape of Bramber on its west and the Rape of Pevensey on its east. Although it had the same amount of hundreds in 1833 as in the Domesday survey, there had been some cases of manors and parishes been taken from one and added to another hundred, and in other cases the hundreds had been divided and lost.[95]
- Barcombe
- Buttinghill
- Dean
- Fishergate
- Holmestrow
- Poynings
- Preston
- Street
- Swanborough
- Whalesbourne
- Younsmere (also Falmer)
Pevensey Rape
The Pevensey Rape lies between the Rapes of Lewes and Hastings. In 1833 it contained 19 hundreds and 52 parishes[96]
- Alciston
- Bishopstone
- Danehill Horsted
- Dill
- Eastbourne
- East Grinstead (Grinsted in the Domesday survey)
- Flexborough
- Hartfield
- Lindfield Burley-Arches (also Burarches)
- Lowey or Liberty of Pevensey - Part of Port of Hastings, so having the immunities and privileges of the Cinque Ports.
- Loxfield Camden
- Loxfield Dorset
- Longbridge
- Ringmer
- Rotherfield
- Rushmonden
- Shiplake
- Totnore
- Willingdon
Warwickshire
Warwickshire was divided into four hundreds, with each hundred consisting of a number of divisions.
- Barlinchway (also Barlichway)
- Alcester
- Henley
- Snitterfield
- Stratford
- Hemlingford, formerly named Coleshill
- Atherstone
- Birmingham
- Solihull
- Tamworth
- Kington (also Kineton)
- Brailes
- Burton Dassett
- Kington
- Warwick
- Knightlow
- Kenilworth
- Kirby
- Rugby
- Southam
Westmorland
Westmorland was divided into four wards, analogous to hundreds. Pairs of wards made up the two Baronies. From Magna Britannica et Hibernia (1736) Genuki: Westmorland, Westmorland
Barony of Kendal
The Barony of Kendal had two wards:
- Kendal
- Lonsdale
Barony of Westmorland
The Barony of Westmorland had two wards:
- East Ward
- West Ward
Wiltshire
There were 40 hundreds in Wiltshire at the time of the Domesday Survey. Hundreds in 1835 were:
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Worcestershire
The ancient hundreds in 1086 at the time of the Domesday survey were:[97] Ash, Came,[98] Celfledetorn, Clent, Cresslow, Cutestornes, Doddingtree, Dudstone, Fernecumbe, Fishborough, Greston, Ossulstone, Oswaldslow, Pershore, Plegelgete, Seisdon, Tewkesbury, Tibblestone, Wolfhay. Some of the parishes within these hundreds, such as Feckenham in Ash Hundred, or Gloucester in Dudstone Hundred, may have partially been in other counties or were transferred between counties in the intervening years.
Over the centuries, some of the hundreds were amalgamated and appear in many useful statistical records. The hundreds that continued their courts until disuse include:
- Blackenhurst
- Doddingtree
- Halfshire[99][100] – combined the Domesday hundreds of Clent[101] and Cresslow[102]
- Oswaldslow – combined three ancient hundreds
- Pershore[103]
Yorkshire
Yorkshire has three Ridings,[104] East, North and West. Each of these was divided into wapentakes, analogous to hundreds.
The Ainsty wapentake, first associated with the West Riding, became associated in the fifteenth century with the City of York, outside the Riding system.
The hundreds of Amounderness and Lonsdale in Lancashire plus part of Westmorland were considered as part of Yorkshire in the Domesday Book.
East Riding
From GENUKI GENUKI: Definitions of the terms used to describe areas of land and habitation in the county of Yorkshire.
- Buckrose
- Dickering Wapentake
- Harthill Wapentake (Bainton Beacon, Holme Beacon, Hunsley Beacon and Wilton Beacon divisions)
- Holderness Wapentake (North, Middle and South divisions)
- Howdenshire
- Ouse and Derwent
The other division of the riding was Hullshire.
North Riding
- Allerton
- Birdforth
- Bulmer
- Gilling East
- Gilling West
- Hallikeld
- Hang East
- Hang West
- Langbaurgh (West and East divisions)
- Pickering Lythe – Formed from the Domesday wapentake of Dic, and additionally by 1284–85 the parish of Sinnington and by (circa 15th-16th century) the parish of Kirkby Misperton, both from the Domesday wapentake of Maneshou.[105]
- Ryedale – First mentioned by name in 1165–66, probably when its court was relocated there. Formed from the Domesday wapentake of Maneshou minus Sinnington and Kirkby Misperton parishes, plus the additional parish of Lastingham from the Domesday wapentake of Dic.[105] In the 19th century, Ryedale contained the parishes of Ampleforth; Appleton-Le-Street; Barton-Le-Street; Great Edston; Gilling; Helmsley; Hovingham; Kirkby Moorside; Kirkdale; Lastingham; New Malton, including the parishes of St. Leonard and St. Michael; Old Malton; Normanby; Nunnington; Oswaldkirk; Salton; Scawton; Slingsby; Stonegrave.[105]
- Whitby Strand
West Riding
From GENUKI GENUKI: Definitions of the terms used to describe areas of land and habitation in the county of Yorkshire.
- Agbrigg and Morley (Agbrigg and Morley divisions)
- Ainsty wapentake (___ and ___ divisions) (became a district named Ainsty of York in the 15th century)
- Barkston Ash Wapentake
- Claro Wapentake (Upper and Lower divisions) (Burghshire wapentake was renamed in the 12th century)
- Ewcross
- Osgoldcross Wapentake
- Skyrack (Upper and Lower divisions)
- Staincliffe Wapentake (East and West divisions)
- Staincross Wapentake
- Strafforth and Tickhill (Upper and Lower divisions)
The Hundreds of Wales
Wales was divided into hundreds following the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542. This resulted in the creation of five new counties (Monmouthshire, Brecknockshire, Radnorshire, Montgomeryshire and Denbighshire) from the Marches of Wales. Combined with the transformation of the Lordships of Pembroke and Glamorgan into new counties, with the existing counties of Cardiganshire, Caernarfonshire and Flintshire (created by the Statute of Rhuddlan) this gave Wales thirteen counties.
Anglesey
Anglesey was divided into six hundreds:[106] [107]
- Dindaethwy
- Llifon
- Malltraeth
- Menai
- Talybolion
- Twrcelyn
Brecknockshire
Brecknockshire was divided into six hundreds. [108] [109]
Caernarvonshire
Caernarvonshire was divided into ten hundreds: [110] [111]
Cardiganshire
Cardiganshire was divided into five hundreds.[112] [113]
- Genaur Glyn
- Ilar
- Moyddyn
- Penarth
- Troedyraur
Carmarthenshire
Carmarthenshire was divided into eight hundreds.[114] [115]
- Carnwyllion
- Catheiniog
- Caeo
- Cedweli
- Derllys
- Elfed
- Is Cennen
- Perfedd
Denbighshire
Denbighshire was divided into six hundreds:[116] [117]
- Broomfield
- Chirk
- Is Aled
- Is Dulas
- Ruthin
- Yale
Flintshire
Flintshire was divided into five hundreds: [118] [119]
Glamorgan
Glamorgan was divided into ten hundreds: [120] [121]
- Caerphilly
- Cowbridge
- Dinas Powys
- Kibbor
- Llangyfelach
- Miskin
- Neath
- Newcastle
- Ogmore
- Swansea
Merionethshire
Merionethshire was divided into five hundreds: [122] [123]
Monmouthshire
Monmouthshire was divided into five hundreds: [124] [125]
Montgomeryshire
Montgomeryshire was divided into eight hundreds: [126] [127]
- Cawrse
- Deuddwr
- Llanfyllin
- Machynlleth
- Mathrafal
- Montgomery
- Newtown
- Pool
Pembrokeshire
Pembrokeshire was divided into seven hundreds: [128] [129]
Radnorshire
Radnorshire was divided into six hundreds: [130] [131]
References
- ↑ Webb, Sidney; Webb, Beatrice (1906). English Local Government from the Revolution to the Municipal Corporations Act: the parish and the county. London: Longmans Green and Company. pp. 284–285.
- ↑ "Genuki: Berkshire, Berkshire". www.genuki.org.uk.
- ↑ "A History of the County of Berkshire | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk.
- ↑ "A History of the County of Berkshire | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk.
- ↑ "British History Online: The Hundred of Faringdon". British-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
- ↑ Open Domesday: Kinwardstone Hundred. Accessed 5 April 2023.
- ↑ Kinwardstone Hundred. British History Online. Accessed 5 Apr 2023.
- ↑ Shalbourne. Berkshire Family History Society. Accessed 5 April 2023.
- ↑ Parish of Hungerford. Hungerford Virtual Museum. Accessed 5 April 2023.
- ↑ Open Domesday: Ripplesmere hd.
- ↑ "Buckinghamshire | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
- ↑ Genuki - History of Buckinghaham Hundreds Archived 23 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved, 21 May 2009
- ↑ "Cambridgeshire Hundreds". rootsweb.
- ↑ Kelly (1929). Directory of Cambridgeshire, Norfolk & Suffolk.
- ↑ "'South Witchford Hundred: Stretham and Thetford', A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely: Volume 4: City of Ely; Ely, N. and S. Witchford and Wisbech Hundreds (2002), pp. 151-159". British History Online.
- ↑ Lysons, Daniel; Lysons, Samuel (1817). Magna Britannia: Being a Concise Topographical Account of the Several Counties of Great Britain. Containing Darbyshire. Cadell.
- ↑ Domesday Map Online: Litchurch
- ↑ Craven, Maxwell: Derby Street by Street (Breedon Books, Derby, 2005) ISBN 1-85983-426-4
- ↑ "The Hundreds of Devon". GENUKI. Retrieved 20 June 2011.
- ↑ "Alvredesberge Hundred was broken up after 1086 and contributed Cranborne, Boveridge, Edmondsham and Pentridge to the later Cranborne Hundred; Brockington to Knowlton Hundred and Wimborne St Giles (see Book of Fees, p. 92; and 10,3 Wimborne note) to the later Wimborne Hundred", quoted from:
- ↑ "Tewkesbury hundred: Upper division | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk.
- ↑ "The Historical Gazetteer of England's Place-names". Archived from the original on 17 December 2014. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
- ↑ Open Domesday: Hampshire. Accessed 22 November 2020.
- ↑ Open Domesday: Hampshire folio 9. Accessed 22 November 2020.
- ↑ British History Online: King's Somborne Hundred. Accessed 9 October 2022.
- ↑ History: the Hundreds.
- ↑ "Hundred of Castlery | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
- ↑ "Hundred of Cutestornes | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
- ↑ "Hundred of Dinedor | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
- ↑ "Hundred of Ewias | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
- ↑ "Hundred of Greytree | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
- ↑ "Hundred of Hezetre | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
- ↑ "Hundred of Plegelgete | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
- ↑ "Hundred of Radlow | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
- ↑ "Hundred of Stradel | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
- ↑ "Hundred of Tornelaus | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
- ↑ Broxash hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
- ↑ Ewyas-Lacy hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
- ↑ Greytree hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
- ↑ Grimsworth hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
- ↑ Huntington hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
- ↑ Radlow hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
- ↑ Stretford hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
- ↑ Webtree hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
- ↑ Wigmore hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
- ↑ Wolphy hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
- ↑ Wormlow hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
- ↑ Open Domesday Map: Hertfordshire
- ↑ Kent Archaeology: The Cinque Port Liberty of Romney. Archaeologia Cantiana Vol. 13 1880 (p. 261). Accessed 13 February 2022.
- ↑ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 394.
- ↑ "Leisure & Culture - Lincolnshire County Council". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 29 November 2005.
- ↑ "Hundred of Elloe | Domesday Book". Archived from the original on 8 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015. Open Domesday Map: Elloe Wapentake
- ↑ Open Domesday: Gartree (Lincolnshire wapentake)
- ↑ "Hundred of Epworth | Domesday Book". Archived from the original on 14 October 2014. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
- ↑ "The hundred of Isleworth", A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 3, (1962), accessed 6 January 2008.
- ↑ William White (1845). History, gazetteer, and directory of Norfolk. Published by the author. p. 14.
- ↑ Open Domesday: Northamptonshire. Accessed 22 January 2022.
- ↑ University of Nottingham: Ordnance Survey – Gravesend Hundred. Accessed 22 January 2022.
- ↑ "Hundred map". www.cottinghamhistory.co.uk.
- ↑ "About the County". Archived from the original on 16 January 2006. Retrieved 28 November 2005.
- ↑ Survey of English Place-Names: Fawsley Hundred. Accessed 22 January 2022.
- ↑ Domesday: Guilsborough hundred
- ↑ The Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge: Murilio - Organ. Knight. 1840. p. 320. Retrieved 4 February 2021. "The Penny Cyclopædia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge", Vol. 15-16, page 320.
- ↑ "Castle Ward Map". Vision of Britain. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
- ↑ A list of the wards, divisions, parishes, and constableries, in the County of Northumberland. J. Graham. 1817. p. 19. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
- ↑ Vision of Britain website Archived 12 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Open Domesday: Bampton hundred
- ↑ "British History Online: Bampton hundred". British-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
- ↑ Open Domesday: Binfield hundred
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/bloxham/ Archived 14 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine Open Domesday: Bloxham hundred
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/benson/ Archived 14 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine Open Domesday: Benson hundred
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/kirtlington/ Archived 14 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine Open Domesday: Kirtlington hundred
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/lewknor/ Archived 14 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine Open Domesday: Lewknor hundred
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/pyrton/ Archived 14 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine Open Domesday: Pyrton hundred
- ↑ "British History Online: Ploughley hundred". British-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
- ↑ "British History Online: Wootten Hundred". British-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
- ↑ "British History Online: Wootten hundred". British-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/shipton/ Archived 14 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine Open Domesday: Shipton hundred
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/wootton/ Archived 28 September 2014 at the Wayback Machine Open Domesday: Wootten hundred
- ↑ "British History Online: Wootten hundred (Southern part)". British-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
- ↑ "BHO: Oxford City Introduction". British-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
- ↑ "Topographical Dictionary: Oxford". British-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
- ↑ GENUKI Shropshire hundreds
- ↑ "Bradford Hundred | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk.
- ↑ British History Online The Liberty and Borough of Wenlock
- ↑ "Genuki: The Hundreds of Staffordshire, Staffordshire". www.genuki.org.uk.
- ↑ William White (1844). History, gazetteer, and directory of Suffolk. p. 15.
- 1 2 "'The rape of Chichester: Introduction', A History of the County of Sussex: Volume 4 (1953) pp. 1 - 2". Retrieved 28 August 2010.
- ↑ Horsfield. History of Sussex. Volume II pp.105-184
- ↑ Horsfield. History of Sussex. Volume II pp.185-274
- ↑ Horsfield. History of Sussex. Volume II pp.1-104
- ↑ Martin Welch. Early Anglo Saxon Sussex in Peter Brandon's. The South Saxons. pp. 33-34
- ↑ Open Domesday: Hailesaltede Hundred. Accessed September 2020.
- ↑ Horsfield. History of Sussex. Volume II pp.425-592
- ↑ Horsfield. History of Sussex. Volume I pp.103-268.
- ↑ Horsfield. History of Sussex. Volume I pp.269-424
- ↑ Open Domesday Map: Worcestershire
- ↑ Survey of English Place Names: Came Hundred, accessed 22 October 2020.
- ↑ Open Domesday Map: Halfshire hundred
- ↑ "Halfshire hundred". British History. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
- ↑ Open Domesday Map: Clent Hundred
- ↑ Open Domesday Map: Cresslow Hundred
- ↑ 'The hundred of Pershore: Introduction', in A History of the County of Worcester: Volume 4, ed. William Page and J W Willis-Bund (London, 1924), pp. 1-3. British History Online (accessed 22 October 2020).
- ↑ Room, Adrian (1986). A Dictionary of True Etymologies. London: Routledge. pp. 148–149. ISBN 0-415-03060-9. - Riding is taken from the Old Norse thrithjung meaning thirdings one third of an equally important area.
- 1 2 3 "The wapentake of Ryedale | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk.
- ↑ "Anglesey Ancient County". Visionofbritain.org. 2018. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ Census Office, Great Britain (1821). "Returns for County of Anglesey". Great Britain Abstract of the Population. p. 431. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ "Brecknockshire Ancient County". Visionofbritain.org. 2018. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ Census Office, Great Britain (1821). "Returns for County of Brecon". Great Britain Abstract of the Population. p. 435. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ "Caernarvonshire Ancient County". Visionofbritain.org. 2018. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ Census Office, Great Britain (1821). "Returns for County of Caernarvon". Great Britain Abstract of the Population. p. 453. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ "Cardiganshire Ancient County". Visionofbritain.org. 2018. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ Census Office, Great Britain (1821). "Returns for County of Cardigan". Great Britain Abstract of the Population. p. 440. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ "Carmarthenhire Ancient County". Visionofbritain.org. 2018. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ Census Office, Great Britain (1821). "Returns for County of Carmarthen". Great Britain Abstract of the Population. p. 445. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ "Denbighshire Ancient County". Visionofbritain.org. 2018. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ Census Office, Great Britain (1821). "Returns for County of Denbigh". Great Britain Abstract of the Population. p. 454. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ "Flintshire Ancient County". Visionofbritain.org. 2018. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ Census Office, Great Britain (1821). "Returns for County of Flint". Great Britain Abstract of the Population. p. 459. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ "Glamorgan Ancient County". Visionofbritain.org. 2018. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ Census Office, Great Britain (1821). "Returns for County of Glamorgan". Great Britain Abstract of the Population. p. 462. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ "Merionethshire Ancient County". Visionofbritain.org. 2018. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ Census Office, Great Britain (1821). "Returns for County of Merioneth". Great Britain Abstract of the Population. p. 469. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ "Monmouthhshire Ancient County". Visionofbritain.org. 2018. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ Census Office, Great Britain (1821). "Returns for County of Monmouth". Great Britain Abstract of the Population. p. 431. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ "Montgomeryshire Ancient County". Visionofbritain.org. 2018. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ Census Office, Great Britain (1821). "Returns for County of Montgomery". Great Britain Abstract of the Population. p. 472. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ "Pembrokeshire Ancient County". Visionofbritain.org. 2018. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ Census Office, Great Britain (1821). "Returns for County of Pembroke". Great Britain Abstract of the Population. p. 477. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ "Radnorshire Ancient County". Visionofbritain.org. 2018. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ Census Office, Great Britain (1821). "Returns for County of Radnor". Great Britain Abstract of the Population. p. 482. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- Bibliography
- Brandon, Peter, ed. (1978). The South Saxons. Chichester: Phillimore. ISBN 0-85033-240-0.
- Notes on Wapentakes in Lincolnshire, from 'Introduction: Lost vills and other forgotten places', Final Concords of the County of Lincoln: 1244-1272 (1920), pp. L-LXV
- Horsfield, Thomas Walker (1834). The History, Antiquities and Topography of the County of Sussex. Bakewell: Country Books. ISBN 978-1-906789-16-9.