Trumpington
Trumpington War Memorial
Trumpington is located in Cambridgeshire
Trumpington
Trumpington
Location within Cambridgeshire
Population8,034 (ward, 2011 Census)
OS grid referenceTL442549
District
Shire county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townCambridge
Postcode districtCB2
Dialling code01223
PoliceCambridgeshire
FireCambridgeshire
AmbulanceEast of England
UK Parliament

Trumpington is a village to the south of Cambridge, in the Cambridge district, in the county of Cambridgeshire, England. The village is an electoral ward of the City of Cambridge and a ward of South Cambridgeshire District Council. The 2011 Census recorded the ward's population as 8,034.[1]

The village was a separate parish from the Anglo-Saxon era until the 20th century. In 1912 all of the land north of Long Road was transferred to Cambridge, and on 1 April 1934 most of the remaining land, including all of the village, was also given over to Cambridge. Only 382 acres (155 ha), almost uninhabited, were transferred to Haslingfield parish.[2] In 1931 the parish had a population of 1183.[3]

The Cambridge Local Plan 2006 took land around the village out of the green belt and paved the way for an urban extension due for completion in 2023. A map of the enlarge village is available in The Trumpet, a community magazine produced by the parish church.[4]

Archaeology

There is evidence of Iron Age and Roman settlements in Trumpington, near the River Cam ford by the road to Grantchester, and a Roman cemetery. An Anglo-Saxon cemetery has also been found nearby at Dam Hill.[2]

Trumpington bed burial

In 2012 archaeologists working on the Trumpington Meadows site discovered a 7th-century Anglo-Saxon bed burial for a young woman aged about 16 years old, in a field on the outskirts of the village. The occupant of the grave had been buried on a wooden bed, and had an ornate gold pectoral cross inlaid with garnets on her breast. The jewelled gold cross is very unusual, and can only have belonged to a member of a rich aristocratic family. It is thought that the grave must have been associated with a hitherto unknown Anglo-Saxon settlement near the site, perhaps that of a monastic community.[5]

History

The Domesday Book of 1086 records a community of 33 peasants. The population had risen to 100 by the late 13th century. The village remained sizeable throughout the Middle Ages and by 1801 there were 494 residents. By the time the parish was dissolved there were about 1,200 inhabitants.[2] Until the 20th century Trumpington was an agricultural village with cattle and sheep as well as crops.[6]

Maris Lane, Trumpington

Trumpington's association with agriculture was extended in 1955, when the Plant Breeding Institute (PBI) – founded in 1912 as part of the University of Cambridge's School of Agriculture – moved to the Anstey Hall site adjoining Maris Lane in Trumpington. Here the PBI developed new plants, notably potatoes called Maris Piper and Maris Peer, a barley called Maris Otter, and a wheat called Maris Widgeon. These are now in use worldwide. The PBI was split up and privatised in 1987.[7] In 1990 the PBI moved to Colney, near Norwich, but the reference to the Maris Lane site survives in the names of plants.

Anstey Hall

Anstey Hall is a Grade I listed, former country house built c. 1700 within its own parkland. Once owned by writer and poet Christopher Anstey and later by the polymath Robert Leslie Ellis, it was leased to the PBI for many years. It is now used for weddings, parties, corporate events and meetings.

The Trumpington War Memorial was designed and carved by Eric Gill, who also designed and carved the crocodile[8] on the wall of the Cavendish Laboratory. The memorial was dedicated on Sunday 11 December 1921 to commemorate 36 Trumpington men who died in the First World War. The Second World War claimed eight more local men; their names were added by David Kindersley, a pupil of Gill.

Trumpington Fair

In 1314, the lord of the manor, Giles of Trumpington, was given permission to hold a three-day fair on the feast of St Peter's Chains (1 August). The feast was still held in the 19th century though it was transferred to 28–30 June, and became known for the rowdiness and drunkenness of its many visitors. It was reduced to only one day (29 June) in 1882 and was still held in the 1930s.[2]

Parish church

Parish church of SS Mary and Michael

The earliest parts of the Church of England parish church of Saints Mary and Michael are late 12th- or early 13th-century. The chancel was rebuilt late in the 13th century. The rest of the church, including the nave, clerestory, aisles, chapels, porches and upper part of the tower was rebuilt about 1330.[2] The church was restored several times in the 19th century, notably in 1858 and 1876–77 under the direction of the Gothic Revival architect William Butterfield. The church is a Grade I listed building.[9]

Brass rubbing of Sir Roger de Trumpington

The church is the resting place of Henry Fawcett, the blind academic and politician who, as Postmaster General (1880–84), introduced parcel post, postal orders and other innovations. The primary school is named Fawcett School after him.

The church also contains the monumental brass of Sir Roger de Trumpington, a crusader knight bearing the date 1289; it is said to be the second oldest brass in England.[10] The brass of Sir Roger as seen through the thoughtful eyes of a young Royal Air Force Spitfire pilot who visited the church in 1941 is movingly described by Squadron Leader Guy Mayfield, then chaplain of RAF Station Duxford, in his diary.[11] It is noted by Anthony Sattin that T. E. Lawrence hung a rubbing of the brass in 'pride of place' in his parents' Oxford home.[12]

The west tower has a ring of eight bells, all cast and hung in 1957 by John Taylor & Co of Loughborough. The church has also a sanctus bell cast at Bury St Edmunds in about 1450.[13]

"Southern Fringe" developments

Cambridge City Council's 2006 Local Plan provided for the release of an extensive area of Green Belt land around Trumpington for new housing and associated community facilities. Major new developments are being constructed on the Glebe Farm and Clay Farm sites to the south and east of the village, and on Trumpington Meadows to the southwest.

In 2017 a new civil parish of South Trumpington[14] was created, which will include some of the most southerly part of the new Trumpington Meadows development. It comprises the land formerly in the Haslingfield parish of South Cambridgeshire that lies east of the River Cam between the current Cambridge city council boundary and the M11.[15]

Cultural references

Politics

Trumpington is represented by three city councillors on Cambridge City Council, three district councillors on South Cambridgeshire Distric Council and three councillors on Cambridge County Council.

References

  1. ↑ "Cambridge Ward population 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Wright 1982, pp. 248–267
  3. ↑ "Population statistics Trumpington AP/CP through time". A Vision of Britain through Time. Retrieved 20 January 2023.
  4. ↑ "Parish Map :: Trumpington Church".
  5. ↑ Kennedy, Maev (16 March 2012). "Cross and bed found in Anglo-Saxon grave shed new light on 'dark ages'". The Guardian.
  6. ↑ "This is Trumpington". Trumpington Residents’ Association. 19 May 2014.
  7. ↑ "PBI History". www.trumpingtonlocalhistorygroup.org. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  8. ↑ "100 Years and more". Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory. University of Cambridge. Archived from the original on 18 July 2012.
  9. ↑ Historic England. "Church of St Mary and St Michael (Grade I) (1081526)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 21 June 2017.
  10. ↑ "Trumpington". GENUKI.
  11. ↑ Carl Warner (editor), Life and Death in the Battle of Britain (London: Imperial War Museum, 2018), 154 and 161. Mayfield, an Anglican priest, was the chaplain at Duxford during the Battle of Britain in 1940, and most of 1941. He and a young pilot officer, Harold Oxlin ("HO"), visited the church on 8 July 1941: "We looked at Sir Roger (a very fine effigy of a crusader who came back) and Sir Roger looked at HO . . . I saw by HO's look that some idea of a common connection had sprung to his mind . . . I watched one 'boisterous knight' looking thoughtfully at another one." Mayfield said that a principal topic of conversation in quiet moments for Oxlin and for other young pilots as well was, "What happens when you die? Is it wrong to be frightened of dying? How should you live if you are twenty and will be dead by the end of the summer?" Oxlin was killed in action over France two weeks after visiting the church with Mayfield. Mayfield wrote, "I like to think of him standing beside Sir Roger."
  12. ↑ Sattin, Anthony (2015). Young Lawrence: a Portrait of the Legend as a Young Man. London: John Murray. pp. 19–20. ISBN 978-1848549111.
  13. ↑ Chester, Mike (4 September 2012). "Trumpington Cambridge, Cambs SS Mary & Michael". Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers. Central Council for Church Bell Ringers. Retrieved 21 June 2017.
  14. ↑ "South Trumpington". www.southtrumpington.co.uk. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  15. ↑ Community governance review for Haslingfield Parish, South Cambridgeshire Council. Accessed 6 September 2017.

Sources and further reading

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