House of Longe
Noble house
CountryNormandy Duchy of Normandy
England Kingdom of England
FounderRaoul de Préaux (c.1100)
TitlesVarious
Estate(s)Gisborough Hall
Dunston Hall
Spixworth Park
Rood Ashton House
Markwell Hall
Benham Park
Mornington House
Hingham Hall
South Wraxall Manor
Abbot's Hall
Dangan Castle
Reymerston Hall
Yelverton Hall

Longe (/ˈlɒŋ/; Old Norman: le Longe or le Long) is a surname of Anglo-Norman origin. The name Longe derives from the Anglo-Norman French ‘Lung’ or ‘Lang’ for tall or high.[1] The family descend from the noble family of de Préaux who were barons in Préaux, Roumois and Darnétal, Normandy. Variants of the name include: le Long, de Long, Le Lung, Longe, Long and Longue.[2] The family are believed to have arrived in England following the Norman Conquest and during the early 13th century divided into two branches, the Wiltshire branch and the Norfolk branch. In the Hundred Rolls of 1273, early variations have been found including, Henry le Longe in Buckinghamshire, John le Longe in Huntingdonshire; and Walter le Longe in Shropshire.[3]

Sable semée of cross-crosslets, a lion rampant argent

Longs of Wiltshire, England

The Wiltshire branch settled in the county prior to 1200. The founder, Robert I le Long, is descended from the de Préaux family who were barons in Préaux, Roumois and Darnétal, Normandy.

Lineage

South Wraxall Manor, the house where the first tobacco was smoked in England, by Sir Walter Long and his friend Sir Walter Raleigh

1. Robert I le Long (1325–c.1370)
2. Robert II le Long (1350–1385) married N. de Berkeley of Beverston Castle, Gloucestershire.
3. Roger le Long (1370–1448) married Isabel Saint Maur, daughter of Roger de St. Maur of Penhow Castle, Monmouthshire.
4. Robert Longe (died 1447), a lawyer who bought the estates of Draycot Cerne and South Wraxall
5. John Long (1419–1478)
6. Sir Thomas Long (c.1451–1508)
7. Sir Henry Long (1489–1556)
8. Sir Robert Long (1517–1581)
9. Sir Walter Long (1560–1610)
10. Sir Robert Long, 1st Baronet (1600–1673)
11. Sir Walter Long (1594–1637)
12. Sir James Long, 2nd Baronet (1617–1692)
13. James Long (1652–1690)
14. Sir Robert Long, 3rd Baronet (1673–1692)
15. Sir Giles Long, 4th Baronet (1675–1698)
16. Sir James Long, 5th Baronet (1682–1729)
17. Sir Robert Long, 6th Baronet (1705–1767)
18. Sir James Tylney-Long, 7th Baronet (1736–1794)
19. Sir James Tylney-Long, 8th Baronet (1794–1805)

Rood Ashton House, Wiltshire, home of the Viscounts Long until 1930

High Sheriffs of Wiltshire

Lord Lieutenants of Wiltshire

Deputy Lieutenants of Wiltshire

Notable descendants

Longes of Norfolk, England

The Norfolk branch settled in the county prior to 1299 with reference being made to both Robert le Longe and John le Longe who were traders of saltpetre in Norwich and the City of London. The family is descended from a Baron de Préaux in Normandy. Another branch settled in Suffolk in the 1300s with Walterus le Longe and Rogerus le Longe both mentioned as bailiffs in Dunwich, Suffolk in 1332 and 1333. In 1619, the Longe family purchased estates of Reymerston Hall and later Spixworth Hall in 1685 and Dunston Hall in 1859. In 1903, the Suffolk branch purchased Abbot's Hall in Stowmarket, Suffolk which is now the Museum of East Anglian Life. In 2011, the will of Thomas Longe of Ashwellthorpe was discovered, giving historians the first positive identification of a common soldier fighting for the House of York during the Battle of Bosworth.[4]

Arms of Longe of Spixworth Hall, Norfolk[5]

High Sheriffs of Norfolk:

  • 1641: Robert Longe (1588–1656), of Reymerston Hall.
  • 1644: Robert Longe (1619–1688), of Foulden, Norfolk.
  • 1752: Francis Longe (1726–1776), of Spixworth Hall.
  • 1757: Israel Longe, of Dunston Hall.
  • 1786: Francis Longe (1748–1812), of Spixworth Hall.
  • 1975: Major Desmond Longe (1914–1990), of Woodton Grange, Norfolk.

High Sheriffs of Suffolk:

  • 1984: Nicholas Longe of Grange Farm, Hasketon, Woodbridge.

Notable members:

Long baronets, of Whaddon (1661–1710)

The Long Baronetcy, of Whaddon in the County of Wiltshire, was created in the Baronetage of England on 26 March 1661 for the politician Walter Long. He was succeeded by his son, the second Baronet. He was unmarried and the title became extinct on his death in 1710.[6]

Tylney-Long baronets, of Westminster (1662–1794)

Sir Robert Long, 1st Baronet

The Long, later Tylney-Long Baronetcy, of Westminster in the County of London, was a title in the Baronetage of England.[7] It was created in 1662 for Robert Long, with remainder in default of male issue of his own to his nephew James Long and the heirs male of his body. He was the son of Sir Walter Long. Long never married and was succeeded according to the special remainder by his nephew, James, the second Baronet. He was the son of Sir Walter Long. Three of Sir James's grandsons, the third, fourth and fifth Baronets, all succeeded in the title. The latter represented several constituencies in the House of Commons. He married Lady Emma, daughter of Richard Tylney, 1st Earl Tylney (see Earl Tylney). Their son, the sixth Baronet, succeeded to the substantial Tylney estates, including Wanstead Manor, on the death of his maternal uncle in 1784 and assumed the additional surname of Tylney. His only son, the eighth Baronet, died young in 1805 and the baronetcy became extinct.

Catherine Tylney-Long, daughter of the seventh Baronet and sister of the eighth and last Baronet, inherited the family estates. She married William Pole-Wellesley, 4th Earl of Mornington, who assumed the additional surnames of Tylney and Long. See Earl of Mornington for further history of this title.

Earls of Mornington (1760; reverted)

William Pole-Tylney-Long-Wellesley, 4th Earl of Mornington

Catherine Tylney-Long, daughter of the seventh Baronet (see Tylney-Long baronets) and sister of the eighth and last Baronet, inherited the family estates. She married William Pole-Wellesley, 4th Earl of Mornington, who assumed the additional surnames of Tylney and Long.

The 4th Earl of Mornington's wife was known in fashionable London society as "The Wiltshire Heiress",[8] as she was believed to be the richest commoner in England. Her estates in Essex, Hampshire and Wiltshire were said to be worth £40,000 per year in rents (£3,500,000 in 2016). She also had financial investments in hand worth £300,000 (£28,000,000 in 2016) and had been sought in marriage by the Duke of Clarence, later King William IV. See Earl of Mornington for further history of this title.

Barons Farnborough; first creation (1826–1838)

The Right Honourable The Lord Farnborough

In 1820 King George IV appointed Charles Longe Knight of the Order of the Bath[9] and on his retirement from political life in 1826 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Farnborough, of Bromley-Hill-Place, in the county of Kent.[10] Long was elected FRS in 1792, FSA in 1812, and was given an honorary LLD by Cambridge University in 1833 where he had studied at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, matriculating in 1779; at Cambridge he was a friend of William Pitt.[11]

Barons Gisborough (1917–)

Richard Chaloner, 1st Baron Gisborough in 1895. Chaloner was a direct paternal descendant of Robert de brus.

Baron Gisborough, of Cleveland in the County of York,[12] is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1917 for the Conservative politician Richard Chaloner, who had previously represented Westbury (also known as Wiltshire West) and Abercromby in the House of Commons. Born Richard Long, the son of Richard Penruddocke Long, he had assumed by Royal licence the surname of Chaloner in lieu of Long in 1881, as a condition of inheriting the Guisborough estate and Gisborough Hall from his maternal great-uncle, Admiral Thomas Chaloner. The latter was a descendant through his mother of Robert de Brus, who founded Gisborough Priory in 1119.

Lord Gisborough's eldest son and heir Richard Godolphin Hume Long Chaloner was accidentally killed in France in 1917 while guarding German prisoners of war, and is buried at Calais. He was succeeded by his second son, the second Baron. As of 2011 the title is held by the latter's son, the third Baron, who succeeded in 1951. He notably served as Lord Lieutenant of Cleveland from 1981 to 1996. The title remains strongly linked with the town of Guisborough.

The prominent Conservative politician Walter Long, 1st Viscount Long, was the elder brother of the first Baron.

Viscounts Long, of Wraxall (1921–)

Walter Long, 1st Viscount Long

Viscount Long, of Wraxall in the County of Wiltshire, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1921 for the Conservative politician Walter Long, who had previously served as Member of Parliament, President of the Board of Agriculture, President of the Local Government Board, Secretary of State for the Colonies and First Lord of the Admiralty.

His grandson, the second Viscount (son of Brigadier General Walter Long) was killed in action in the Second World War. He was succeeded by his uncle, the third Viscount. He had earlier represented Westbury in Parliament as a Conservative.

Arms of Viscount Long

As of 2012 the title is held by his son, the fourth Viscount. He served as a government whip from 1979 to 1997 in the Conservative administrations of Margaret Thatcher and John Major. However, Lord Long lost his seat in the House of Lords after the passing of the House of Lords Act 1999.

Arms of the Longe family

Further reading

  • Nicol, Cheryl (2016). Inheriting the Earth: The Long Family's 500 Year Reign in Wiltshire. Hobnob Press. ISBN 1906978379.
  • Fairbairn's book of crests of the families of Great Britain and Ireland; James Fairbairn
  • Royal illustrated history of Eastern England, Volume 2; A. D. Bayne
  • Historical Account of the Family of Long of Wiltshire; Walter Chitty
  • Diary of John Longe (1765–1834), Vicar of Coddenham
  • Calender of Early Mayors Court Rolls 1298–1307; A.H. Thomas, p. 64.

References

  1. ↑ "AND Search or Browse". www.anglo-norman.net.
  2. ↑ "Longe Name Meaning & Longe Family History at Ancestry.co.uk®".
  3. ↑ Bardsley, Charles Wareing Endell; Bardsley, A. (11 September 1901). "A dictionary of English and Welsh surnames, with special American instances". London ; New York : H. Frowde – via Internet Archive.
  4. ↑ "Norfolk man named as Battle of Bosworth Yorkist fighter". BBC News. 31 August 2011.
  5. ↑ Burke, John (1838). "A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry; Or, Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland Etc".
  6. ↑ Debrett, John (1819). "The Baronetage of England: Containing Their Descent and Present State, Their Collateral Branches, Births, Marriages, and Issue, from the Institution of the Order in 1611 : A Complete and Alphabetical Arrangement of Their Mottoes, with Correct Translations; a List of Persons who Have Received the Honour of Knighthood, of Extinct Baronets, of Such as Have Been Advanced to the Peerage, and of British Subjects Holding Foreign Orders of Knighthood".
  7. ↑ Cokayne, George E. (George Edward) (11 September 1900). "Complete baronetage". Exeter : W. Pollard & co., ltd. – via Internet Archive.
  8. ↑ "The Angel and the Cad: Love, Loss and Scandal in Regency England review | Books | The Guardian". TheGuardian.com. 2 August 2015.
  9. ↑ Shaw, William Arthur; Burtchaell, George Dames (11 September 1906). "The Knights of England. A complete record from the earliest time to the present day of the knights of all the orders of chivalry in England, Scotland, and Ireland, and of knights bachelors, incorporating a complete list of knights bachelors dubbed in Ireland". London Sherratt and Hughes – via Internet Archive.
  10. ↑ "Page 1478 | Issue 18259, 17 June 1826 | London Gazette | The Gazette".
  11. ↑ Woolterton, Stephenie. "Charles Long's request for a pension".
  12. ↑ London Gazette no. 30150. p. 6286
  13. ↑ "LONG – Deaths Announcements – Telegraph Announcements". announcements.telegraph.co.uk.
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