Official portraits of Hester MacLean

Hester Maclean RRC (25 February 1859 – 2 September 1932) was an Colony of New South Wales-born nurse, hospital matron, nursing administrator, editor and writer who spent most of her career in New Zealand. She served in World War I as the founding Matron-in-Chief of the New Zealand Army Nursing Service, and was one of the first nurses to receive the Florence Nightingale Medal.[1]

Early life

Maclean was born in Sofala, Colony of New South Wales on 25 February 1859.[2] Her parents were Emily (née Strong) and Harold Maclean. She was educated at private schools and was inspired by her father's nurse to become a nurse herself. Maclean trained at Prince Alfred Hospital in Sydney, completing her certificate in 1893.[3]

Career

After completing her training, Maclean nursed in a number of hospitals in New South Wales and Victoria, including the Royal Women's Hospital in Melbourne and Kogarah Hospital in Sydney.[4] In 1905 she travelled to England and trained in midwifery. On her return to Sydney, she successfully applied for the position of Assistant Inspector of Hospitals in Wellington, and moved to New Zealand in 1906 to replace Grace Neill, who was retiring.[3] She held the position for 17 years[5] under Thomas Valintine, the Inspector of Hospitals.[6]

During her tenure, Maclean was responsible for establishing schemes for rural district nursing, native health nurses and school nurses. She also oversaw the extension of the St. Helen's hospitals for midwifery training.[3] As Assistant Inspector, with Jessie Bicknell and Amelia Bagley, she played a major role in the implementation of the Midwives Act 1904 and setting midwifery standards.[5]

She also established the New Zealand Army Nursing Service (NZANS) and led the first large contingent of New Zealand nurses overseas in World War I, embarking with 50 nurses on the Rotorua in April 1915.[3][7][8] Among other tasks, Maclean designed the NZANS's uniform.[9]

In 1907, Maclean proposed the establishment of a journal for nurses to exchange ideas and keep up to date with the latest international developments in nursing. She produced and funded the magazine herself, with the first issue appearing in January 1908. Maclean continued to operate the journal until her retirement in 1923; she then sold it to the Registered Nurses Association, but retained the position of editor until her death.[3]

After some encouragement during her travels around the country on inspections, the four provincial nursing associations amalgamated in 1909 into the New Zealand Trained Nurses Association. Maclean was elected the first national president and remained active in the organisation for the remainder of her life.[3]

In 1923, Maclean retired from the Department of Health and wrote her autobiography, Nursing in New Zealand, which was published in 1932.[4] She also retained the editorship of the Nursing Journal until her death.[10]

Maclean died in Wellington on 2 September 1932. She was buried in Karori Cemetery[4] after a full military funeral.[11]

Awards

In 1917 Maclean was awarded the Royal Red Cross decoration, first class.[12] In June 1920 The International Red Cross, Geneva awarded her the Florence Nightengale medal.[13]

Artist

MacLean was also a keen amateur watercolourist. She exhibited at the New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts.[14] Two of her works are in the collection of the Alexander Turnbull Library, Wellington.[15] After her death a number of her watercolour sketches were sold to benefit the Registered Nurses' Association.[16]

References

  1. ↑ "Florence Nightingale Medal". No. Volume XIII, Issue 4. New Zealand: Kai Tiaki. October 1920. p. 170. Retrieved 24 April 2016.
  2. ↑ Sargison, Patricia A. "Hester Maclean". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Macdonald, Charlotte, ed. (1991). The Book of New Zealand Women. Wellington, New Zealand: Bridget Williams Books. pp. 389–391. ISBN 0-908912-04-8.
  4. 1 2 3 "Hester Maclean". Auckland War Memorial Museum. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  5. 1 2 Cooper, Marion (1997). Chick, Norma; Rodgers, Jan (eds.). Looking back, moving forward: essays in the history of New Zealand nursing and midwifery. Palmerston North: Massey University. p. 39. ISBN 0473047543.
  6. ↑ Dow, Derek A. "Thomas Harcourt Ambrose Valintine". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
  7. ↑ "Hester Maclean | NZHistory, New Zealand history online". www.nzhistory.net.nz. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  8. ↑ Tolerton, Jane (2017). Make her praises heard afar : New Zealand women overseas in World War One. Wellington, New Zealand: Booklovers Books. p. 58. ISBN 978-0-473-39965-8. OCLC 1011529111.
  9. ↑ "World War One Uniform". www.nzans.org. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  10. ↑ "Obituary, Papers Past". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 6 March 2022.
  11. ↑ "Papers Past". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 6 March 2022.
  12. ↑ "Papers Past". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 6 March 2022.
  13. ↑ "Papers Past". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 6 March 2022.
  14. ↑ "Papers Past". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 6 March 2022.
  15. ↑ "ATL: Unpublished Collections". tiaki.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 6 March 2022.
  16. ↑ "Local And General, Papers Past". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 6 March 2022.

Further reading

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