Hebeloma sinapizans
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Hymenogastraceae
Genus: Hebeloma
Species:
H. sinapizans
Binomial name
Hebeloma sinapizans
(Paulet) Gillet (1878)
Synonyms[1]
  • Hypophyllum sinapizans Paulet (1793)
  • Agaricus sinapizans (Paulet) Fr. (1838)
  • Hebeloma sinapizans (Paulet) Sacc. (1887)

Hebeloma sinapizans, commonly known as the scaly-stalked heboloma,[2] rough-stalked hebeloma or the bitter poisonpie, is a species of mushroom in the family Hymenogastraceae. It has a strong radish-like smell, and a prominent bulbous stem base. It is larger than the similar and more common H. crustuliniforme, a relative that is also poisonous. H. sinapizans is found in Europe and North America.

Taxonomy

First described as Hypophyllum sinapizans by Jean-Jacques Paulet in 1793,[3] it was transferred to the genus Hebeloma by Claude Casimir Gillet in 1878.[4] It is commonly known as the "rough-stalked Hebeloma".[5]

Description

The fruit body has a cap that is initially convex before flattening out in age, reaching a diameter of 4–15.5 cm (1.6–6.1 in). The cap may have a shallow umbo. The cap surface ranges from moist to sticky, and it is smooth with a margin that is first curled inward and expanding to become curled upward in maturity; the cap color is whitish-tan to cinnamon-tan, sometimes with pinkish- or reddish-brown tints. The flesh is whitish, thick, and has a radish-like odor and taste. Gills have an adnate attachment to the stipe, and they have a notch just before the point of attachment; the gill edges have tiny fringes or serrations. They are first whitish before turning to yellowish-brown to pale brown after the spores mature. The stipe measures 2–5 cm (0.8–2.0 in) long by 1.3–2.5 cm (0.5–1.0 in) thick, and is roughly equal in width throughout its length. Hebeloma sinapizans mushrooms are poisonous.[5]

Fruit bodies produce a pale brown spore print. Spores are elliptical with a rough surface texture, and measure 10–14 by 6–8 µm.[5]

Habitat and distribution

The fungus fruits on the ground in groups or fairy rings in deciduous and coniferous forests.[5] As of December 2022, hebeloma.org lists collections from 20 countries across Europe as well as collections from Asiatic Turkey and Lebanon.[6]

See also

References

Hebeloma sinapizans
View the Mycomorphbox template that generates the following list
Gills on hymenium
Cap is convex
Hymenium is adnexed
Lacks a stipe
Spore print is brown
Ecology is mycorrhizal
Edibility is poisonous
  1. ↑ "Hebeloma sinapizans (Paulet) Gillet, Les Hyménomycètes ou Description de tous les Champignons qui Croissent en France: 527, 1878". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2013-12-01.
  2. ↑ Arora, David (1986). Mushrooms demystified: a comprehensive guide to the fleshy fungi (Second ed.). Berkeley: Ten Speed Press. p. 465. ISBN 978-0-89815-169-5.
  3. ↑ Paulet JJ. (1793). Traité des champignons (in French). Vol. 2. Paris: Louvre. plate 82.
  4. ↑ Gillet CC. (1878). Les Hyménomycètes ou Description de tous les Champignons qui Croissent en France (in French). Alençon: Ch. Thomas. p. 527.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Bessette AE, Roody W, Bessette AR (2007). Mushrooms of the Southeastern United States. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press. p. 137. ISBN 978-0-8156-3112-5.
  6. ↑ "Hebeloma sinapizans". Retrieved 2022-12-28.
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