Nūr al-Hudā, Abu'l-Karāmāt
Haydar Ghazi
Wazir of Srihat
MonarchFakhruddin Mubarak Shah
Preceded bySikandar Khan Ghazi
Succeeded byUnknown
Personal details
DiedSonargaon
RelativesAli Sher Bengali (descendant)

Nūr al-Hudā Abū'l-Karāmāt as-Saʿīdī al-Ḥusaynī (Arabic: نور الهدىٰ أبو الكرمات السعيدي الحسيني),[1][2][3] better known as Ḥaydar Ghāzī (Persian: حیدر غازی, Bengali: হায়দর গাজী), was the second wazir of Srihat (Sylhet) under the various Sultans of Sonargaon and Lakhnauti.[3] Prior to this, Ghazi took part in the Conquest of Gour in 1303.[2][4]

Background and origin

During Shah Jalal's expedition towards the Indian subcontinent from Hadhramaut in Yemen, Jalal came across Haydar who joined him in his journey.[5] However, it is unknown whereabouts in the Middle East that Haydar is exactly from.[6]

Career

After Shah Jalal was summoned by the Sultan Shamsuddin Firoz Shah to take part in the Conquest of Sylhet against Raja Gour Govinda, Haydar and the other companions joined him.[5]

Following the death of Sylhet's wazir Sikandar Khan Ghazi, Sylhet became leaderless. Shah Jalal himself then appointed Haydar Ghazi as the second wazir to rule over Sylhet. It is unknown how long Haydar's governorship was but historians estimate his term finished some time after the death of Shah Jalal which was in 1346. The next known Wazir of Sylhet was Muqabil Khan who ruled in 1440.

After his rule in Sylhet, Haydar moved to Sonargaon where he spent the rest of his life.[7] His mazar remains in Sonargaon (in Dhaka Division).[8][2]

Legacy

Haydar Ghazi's descendant by the name of Shaikh Ali Sher Bengali wrote a book called Commentary on the excursion of the souls (Arabic: شرح نزهة الأرواح, romanized: Sharḥ Nuzhat al-Arwāḥ) which contained one of the earliest biographies of Shah Jalal.[9][7][10][11] However, Muhammad Mojlum Khan is of the solitary opinion that the biography was written by Haydar Ghazi himself, under his pen name Shaykh Noorul Huda Abul Karamat.[12] The latter is most likely an error as the book was written in 1571, 2 centuries after the time of Haydar Ghazi.[6] The Sharh written by Ali Sher is a primary source which inspired the later and more well-known - Gulzar-i-Abrar - a collection of Sufi saint biographies written by Muhammad Ghauth Shattari of Mandvi in 1613.[9][12]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Abdul Karim (1959). Social History of the Muslims in Bengal (Down to A.D. 1538). Asiatic Society of Pakistan. p. 100.
  2. 1 2 3 Ali, Syed Murtaza (1965). হজরত শাহ জালাল ও সিলেটের ইতিহাস [Hazrat Shah Jalal and the History of Sylhet] (in Bengali). Dhaka: University Press.
  3. 1 2 Khandaker, Haroonur Rasheed (23 Jan 2014). প্রাচীন জৈন্তিয়ারাজ্যে ইসলামের প্রসার (in Bengali). Jamia Madania, Bishwanath: Weekly Sonar Bangla.
  4. ↑ "List of Shah Jalal's 360 Companions". Mazaar.
  5. 1 2 Choudhury, Achyut Charan (1910). Srihattar Itibritta: Purbangsho শ্রীহট্টের ইতিবৃত্ত - পূর্বাংশ (in Bengali). Calcutta: Mustafa Selim – via Wikisource.
  6. 1 2 Siddeeqi, K S (11 Aug 2017). হজরত শাহ জালাল (রহ.) সম্পর্কে তথ্য বিভ্রাট (in Bengali). Daily Inqilab.
  7. 1 2 Hanif, N (2000). "Jalal, Shaikh (d.1357 A.D.)". Biographical Encyclopaedia of Sufis: South Asia. Sarup & Sons. pp. 165–167.
  8. ↑ Khan, Mohammad Akram (1956). Muslim Banglar Samajik Itihas. p. 66.
  9. 1 2 Abdul Karim. "Shah Jalal (R)". Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  10. ↑ Ali (1965, p. 17)
  11. ↑ Ali (1965, p. 62)
  12. 1 2 Muhammad Mojlum Khan (21 October 2013). "Shah Jalal". The Muslim Heritage of Bengal: The Lives, Thoughts and Achievements of Great Muslim Scholars, Writers and Reformers of Bangladesh and West Bengal. Kube Publishing. p. 23.
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