HMS Falmouth
HMS Falmouth in 1981
History
RN EnsignUnited Kingdom
NameFalmouth
NamesakeFalmouth
BuilderSwan Hunter & Wigham Richardson
Laid down23 November 1957
Launched15 December 1959
Commissioned25 July 1961
DecommissionedJuly 1984
IdentificationPennant number: F113
FateSold for scrap, 1989
General characteristics (as built)
Class and typeRothesay-class frigate
Displacement2,560 long tons fullload
Length370 ft
Beam41 ft
Draught17 ft 4 in
Propulsion2 × Babcock & Wilcox boilers English Electric geared turbines, 2 shafts, 30000 shafts horsepower
Speed29 kn (54 km/h; 33 mph)
Complement235
Armament1 × twin 4.5" (114 mm) dual-purpose guns

1 × twin 40 mm on STAAG mounting 2 x Limbo Mortar Mk 10 Mountings

12 × 21-inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes

HMS Falmouth was a Rothesay-class, or "Improved Type 12", anti-submarine frigate built for the Royal Navy during the 1950s. She took part in the Third Cod War in 1976, ramming the Icelandic gunboat V/s Týr. Both ships suffered extensive damage.

Description

Falmouth displaced 2,150 long tons (2,180 t) at normal load and 2,560 long tons (2,600 t) at deep load. The ship had an overall length of 370 feet (112.8 m), a beam of 41 feet (12.5 m) and a draught of 17 feet (5.2 m) at deep load. She was powered by a pair of geared steam turbines, each driving one shaft, which developed a total of 30,000 shaft horsepower (22,000 kW) and gave a maximum speed of 29 knots (54 km/h; 33 mph). Steam for the turbines was provided by a pair of Babcock & Wilcox boilers. Falmouth had a range of 4,500 nautical miles (8,300 km; 5,200 mi) at 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph). The ship's complement was 200–35 officers and ratings.[1]

The ship mounted a pair of 4.5-inch (114 mm) Mk 6 guns in a single twin-gun turret forward. Her secondary armament consisted of a twin-gun STAAG mount for the Bofors 40-millimetre (2 in) anti-aircraft gun aft. Falmouth mounted two triple-barrelled mounts for the Limbo anti-submarine mortar. The ship carried eight fixed torpedo tubes and two twin-tube rotating mounts for 21-inch (533 mm) torpedoes.[1] The Rothesay-class ships were equipped with a Type 170 sonar for the Limbo as well as a general-purpose Type 174 sonar. They were fitted with a Type 293Q target-indication radar and a Type 277Q surface-search radar.[2]

Construction and career

Falmouth was laid down on 23 November 1957 by Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson, launched on 15 December 1959 and was completed on 25 July 1961.[3]

In August 1961 Falmouth joined the 20th Frigate Squadron based at Londonderry Port, Northern Ireland.[4] On 5 December that year, Falmouth collided with the oiler RFA Tideflow in Lyme Bay and was badly damaged.[5][6] From December 1963, Falmouth served as leader of the 30th Frigate Squadron.[7] The 30th Flotilla, including Falmouth, served as part of the Far East Fleet from September 1964 to December 1964, and again from June 1965 until December that year.[8] Falmouth took part in the Beira Patrol, a naval blocade enforcing an oil embargo against Rhodesia, patrolling off Mombasa in January 1967.[9]

From August 1968 to 6 January 1971, Falmouth was refitted at Portsmouth Dockyard, being fitted with a hangar and flight deck to allow operation of a single Westland Wasp helicopter, while a Seacat launcher was fitted on top of the hangar. One of the Limbo mortars and the Bofors guns were removed in compensation.[4][10][11]

On the evening of 6 May 1976, after the outcome of the Third Cod War had already been decided, the Icelandic gunboat V/s Týr was trying to cut the nets of the fishing trawler Carlisle, when Captain Gerald Plumer of Falmouth ordered it rammed. Falmouth rammed the Týr at the speed of 22+ knots (41+ km/h), almost capsizing her. Týr did not sink and managed to cut the nets of Carlisle, after which the Falmouth rammed it again. The Týr was heavily damaged and found herself propelled by only a single screw and pursued by the tug-boat Statesman. As a response Captain Guðmundur Kjærnested gave orders to man Týr's guns to deter any further ramming.[12] Falmouth also sustained serious structural damage on her bow during the incident,[13] and had to enter dry dock at Portsmouth for repairs.[14]

In January 1977, when the United Kingdom enlarged its Exclusive economic zone to 200 nautical miles (370 km), Falmouth was deployed in the North Sea, protecting fishing stocks and oil fields.[15]

Falmouth left active service in 1980, when she was transferred to the Standby Squadron at Chatham, and by early 1982 she was being considered for disposal as a result of the 1981 Defence White Paper, which proposed cuts in the Royal Navy's surface fleet.[16][10] Argentina's invasion of the Falkland Islands in April 1982 changed these plans, and Falmouth was given a refit and returned to active duty, although she did not take part in the Falklands War.[10] Falmouth carried out a patrol in the South Atlantic from May 1983, returning to Britain in September that year. In March 1984, she was deployed to the Middle and Far East, returning home in August that year.[4]

Falmouth was laid up as a stationary training ship at HMS Sultan in December that year, and was scrapped in Spain from 4 May 1989.[16][17]

Notes

  1. 1 2 Gardiner, Chumbley & Budzbon 1995, pp. 514, 519
  2. ↑ Friedman 2006, Chapter 10
  3. ↑ Gardiner, Chumbley & Budzbon 1995, p. 519
  4. 1 2 3 Critchley 1992, p. 106
  5. ↑ Watson, Sam (6 March 2013). "Near Disaster to a New Ship". Maritime Quest. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  6. ↑ White, Christopher J. "RFA Tideflow". Historical RFA. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  7. ↑ Mackie, Colin (July 2016). "Royal Navy Senior Appointments, 1865–". British Armed Forces 1860–. p. 236. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  8. ↑ Watson, Graham. "Royal Navy Organisation and Ship Deployments 1947–2013". Royal Navy, Post 1945. Naval-history.net. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  9. ↑ "Warship breakdown off Mombasa". The Times. No. 56829. 3 January 1967. p. 1.
  10. 1 2 3 Marriott 1983, p. 58
  11. ↑ "Falmouth's Back With the Fleet". Navy News. February 1971. p. 23. Retrieved 29 September 2018.
  12. ↑ Óttar Sveinsson, Útkall : Týr er að sökkva. Útkall. [Reykjavík] 2004. ISBN 9979-9569-6-8 (ib.)
  13. ↑ Roberts 2010, p. 119
  14. ↑ "Cod War battles raged at sea between UK and Iceland - Retro". www.portsmouth.co.uk. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
  15. ↑ "Frigates on the Fish Beat". Navy News. February 1977. pp. 1, 40. Retrieved 10 October 2018.
  16. 1 2 Sturtivant & Ballance 1994, p. 415
  17. ↑ Prézelin & Baker 1990, p. 716

Bibliography

  • Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
  • Critchley, Mike (1992). British Warships Since 1945: Part 5: Frigates. Liskeard, UK: Maritime Books. ISBN 0-907771-13-0.
  • Friedman, Norman (2006). British Destroyers and Frigates, the Second World War and After (epub ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-86176-137-6.
  • Gardiner, Robert; Chumbley, Stephen & Budzbon, Przemysław (1995). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-132-7.
  • Marriott, Leo (1983). Royal Navy Frigates 1945–1983. Shepperton, Surrey, UK: Ian Allan Ltd. ISBN 0-7110-1322-5.
  • Prézelin, Bernard; Baker, A. D. III, eds. (1990). The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World 1990/1991. Annapolis, Maryland, USA: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-250-8.
  • Roberts, John (2010). Safeguarding the Nation: The Story of the Modern Royal Navy. Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1848320437.
  • Sturtivant, Ray; Ballance, Theo (1994). The Squadrons of the Fleet Air Arm. Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air Britain (Historians) Ltd. ISBN 0-85130-223-8.
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