Gnaphosa
Temporal range:
Gnaphosa lucifuga
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Gnaphosidae
Genus: Gnaphosa
Latreille, 1804[1]
Type species
G. lucifuga
(Walckenaer, 1802)
Species

148, see text

Synonyms[1]

Gnaphosa is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by Pierre André Latreille in 1804.[4] They all have a serrated keel on the retromargin of each chelicera.[5]

Species

As of May 2019 it contains 148 species:[1]

  • G. aborigena Tyschchenko, 1965 – Kazakhstan
  • G. akagiensis Hayashi, 1994 – Japan
  • G. alacris Simon, 1878 – France, Italy, Croatia, Morocco
  • G. alpica Simon, 1878 – France, Switzerland, Austria
  • G. altudona Chamberlin, 1922 – USA
  • G. antipola Chamberlin, 1933 – USA, Canada
  • G. artaensis Wunderlich, 2011 – Portugal, Spain (Balearic Is.)
  • G. atramentaria Simon, 1878 – France
  • G. azerbaidzhanica Tuneva & Esyunin, 2003 – Azerbaijan
  • G. badia (L. Koch, 1866) – Europe to Azerbaijan
  • G. balearicola Strand, 1942 – Spain (Balearic Is.)
  • G. banini Marusik & Koponen, 2001 – Russia (South Siberia), Mongolia
  • G. basilicata Simon, 1882 – Italy
  • G. belyaevi Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – Mongolia
  • G. betpaki Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – Russia (Urals), Kazakhstan
  • G. bicolor (Hahn, 1833) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to West Siberia)
  • G. bithynica Kulczyński, 1903 – Greece (Crete), Turkey, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan, Iran
  • G. borea Kulczyński, 1908 – Russia (Middle Siberia to Far East), North America
  • G. brumalis Thorell, 1875 – USA, Canada
  • G. californica Banks, 1904 – USA, Canada
  • G. campanulata Zhang & Song, 2001 – China
  • G. cantabrica Simon, 1914 – Spain, France
  • G. caucasica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – Russia (Caucasus)
  • G. chiapas Platnick & Shadab, 1975 – Mexico
  • G. chihuahua Platnick & Shadab, 1975 – Mexico
  • G. chola Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1988 – Russia (Middle Siberia to Far East), Mongolia, China
  • G. clara (Keyserling, 1887) – North America
  • G. corticola Simon, 1914 – France
  • G. cumensis Ponomarev, 1981 – Ukraine, Russia (Europe), Kazakhstan, Mongolia
  • G. cyrenaica (Caporiacco, 1949) – Libya
  • G. danieli Miller & Buchar, 1972 – Afghanistan
  • G. dege Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, India, China
  • G. dentata Platnick & Shadab, 1975 – USA
  • G. deserta Ponomarev & Dvadnenko, 2011 – Russia (Europe)
  • G. dolanskyi Řezáč, Růžička, Oger & Řezáčová, 2018 – South-eastern Europe, Ukraine, Russia (Europe), Turkey, Caucasus
  • G. dolosa Herman, 1879 – Southern to Eastern Europe, Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Caucasus, Russia (Europe) to Central Asia
  • G. donensis Ponomarev, 2015 – Russia (Europe)
  • G. eskovi Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – Kazakhstan
  • G. esyunini Marusik, Fomichev & Omelko, 2014 – Mongolia
  • G. eucalyptus Ghafoor & Beg, 2002 – Pakistan
  • G. fagei Schenkel, 1963 – Kazakhstan, China
  • G. fallax Herman, 1879 – Hungary
  • G. fontinalis Keyserling, 1887 – USA, Mexico
  • G. funerea (Dalmas, 1921) – St. Helena
  • G. gracilior Kulczyński, 1901 – Russia (Middle and South Siberia to Far East), Mongolia, China
  • G. haarlovi Denis, 1958 – Central Asia
  • G. halophila Esyunin & Efimik, 1997 – Russia (Urals)
  • G. hastata Fox, 1937 – China, Korea
  • G. hirsutipes Banks, 1901 – USA, Mexico
  • G. iberica Simon, 1878 – Spain
  • G. ilika Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan
  • G. inconspecta Simon, 1878 – Western and Central Europe, Italy, Russia (Middle Siberia to Far East), Mongolia, China, Korea
  • G. jodhpurensis Tikader & Gajbe, 1977 – India, China
  • G. jucunda Thorell, 1875 – Ukraine, Russia (Europe, Caucasus)
  • G. kailana Tikader, 1966 – India
  • G. kamurai Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – Korea, Japan
  • G. kankhalae Biswas & Roy, 2008 – India
  • G. kansuensis Schenkel, 1936 – Russia (Far East), China, Korea
  • G. ketmer Tuneva, 2004 – Kazakhstan
  • G. khovdensis Marusik, Fomichev & Omelko, 2014 – Mongolia
  • G. kompirensis Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 – Russia (Far East), China, Korea, Taiwan, Japan, Vietnam
  • G. koponeni Marusik & Omelko, 2014 – Russia (South Siberia)
  • G. kuldzha Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan
  • G. kurchak Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – Kyrgyzstan
  • G. lapponum (L. Koch, 1866) – Europe, Russia (Europe to West Siberia)
  • G. leporina (L. Koch, 1866) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Central Asia, China
  • G. licenti Schenkel, 1953 – Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, China, Korea
  • G. limbata Strand, 1900 – Norway
  • G. lonai Caporiacco, 1949 – Italy
  • G. lucifuga (Walckenaer, 1802) (type) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Iran, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Kazakhstan, China
  • G. lugubris (C. L. Koch, 1839) – Europe to Central Asia
  • G. mandschurica Schenkel, 1963 – Russia (Middle and South Siberia), Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, Nepal
  • G. maritima Platnick & Shadab, 1975 – USA, Mexico
  • G. mcheidzeae Mikhailov, 1998 – Georgia
  • G. microps Holm, 1939 – North America, Europe, Turkey, Russia (Europe to Far East)
  • G. modestior Kulczyński, 1897 – Italy, Austria, Czechia to Romania
  • G. moerens O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885 – China, Nepal
  • G. moesta Thorell, 1875 – Hungary, Romania, Ukraine, Russia (Europe)?
  • G. mongolica Simon, 1895 – Turkey, Hungary to China
  • G. montana (L. Koch, 1866) – Europe, Turkey, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Kazakhstan
  • G. muscorum (L. Koch, 1866) – North America, Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, China, Korea
  • G. namulinensis Hu, 2001 – China
  • G. nigerrima L. Koch, 1877 – Europe, Russia (Europe to Far East)
  • G. nordlandica Strand, 1900 – Norway
  • G. norvegica Strand, 1900 – Norway
  • G. occidentalis Simon, 1878 – Western Europe
  • G. oceanica Simon, 1878 – France
  • G. ogeri Lecigne, 2018 – France
  • G. oligerae Ovtsharenko & Platnick, 1998 – Russia (Far East)
  • G. opaca Herman, 1879 – Europe to Central Asia
  • G. orites Chamberlin, 1922 – North America, Northern Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East)
  • G. ovchinnikovi Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – Kyrgyzstan
  • G. pakistanica Ovtchinnikov, Ahmad & Inayatullah, 2008 – Pakistan
  • G. parvula Banks, 1896 – USA, Canada
  • G. pauriensis Tikader & Gajbe, 1977 – India
  • G. pengi Zhang & Yin, 2001 – China
  • G. perplexa Denis, 1958 – Afghanistan
  • G. petrobia L. Koch, 1872 – Europe, Iran
  • G. pilosa Savelyeva, 1972 – Kazakhstan
  • G. poonaensis Tikader, 1973 – India
  • G. porrecta Strand, 1900 – Norway
  • G. potanini Simon, 1895 – Russia (South Siberia, Far East), Mongolia, China, Korea, Japan
  • G. potosi Platnick & Shadab, 1975 – Mexico
  • G. primorica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – Russia (Far East), Japan
  • G. prosperi Simon, 1878 – Spain
  • G. pseashcho Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – Russia (Caucasus)
  • G. pseudoleporina Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – Russia (South Siberia)
  • G. rasnitsyni Marusik, 1993 – Mongolia
  • G. reikhardi Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan
  • G. rhenana Müller & Schenkel, 1895 – France, Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Italy, Romania, Albania
  • G. rohtakensis Gajbe, 1992 – India
  • G. rufula (L. Koch, 1866) – Slovakia, Hungary, Ukraine, Russia (Europe), Kazakhstan
  • G. salsa Platnick & Shadab, 1975 – USA, Mexico
  • G. sandersi Gertsch & Davis, 1940 – Mexico
  • G. saurica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – Ukraine, Caucasus, Iran, Russia (Europe) to Central Asia
  • G. saxosa Platnick & Shadab, 1975 – USA
  • G. secreta Simon, 1878 – France
  • G. sericata (L. Koch, 1866) – USA to Guatemala, Cuba
  • G. serzonshteini Fomichev & Marusik, 2017 – Mongolia
  • G. similis Kulczyński, 1926 – Russia (Middle and South Siberia to Far East), China, Korea
  • G. sinensis Simon, 1880 – China, Korea
  • G. snohomish Platnick & Shadab, 1975 – USA, Canada
  • G. songi Zhang, 2001 – China
  • G. sonora Platnick & Shadab, 1975 – Mexico
  • G. steppica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – Turkey, Caucasus, Ukraine, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Kazakhstan
  • G. sticta Kulczyński, 1908 – Scandinavia, Russia (Europe to Far East), Japan
  • G. stoliczkai O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885 – Mongolia, China
  • G. stussineri Simon, 1885 – Greece
  • G. synthetica Chamberlin, 1924 – USA, Mexico
  • G. tarabaevi Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan
  • G. taurica Thorell, 1875 – Bulgaria to China
  • G. tenebrosa Fox, 1938 – probably Mexico
  • G. tetrica Simon, 1878 – France, Macedonia
  • G. tigrina Simon, 1878 – Mediterranean, Russia (Europe, South Siberia)
  • G. tumd Tang, Song & Zhang, 2001 – China
  • G. tunevae Marusik & Omelko, 2014 – Mongolia
  • G. tuvinica Marusik & Logunov, 1992 – Russia (West and South Siberia), Mongolia
  • G. ukrainica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – Ukraine, Russia (Europe to Central Asia), Iran, Turkmenistan
  • G. utahana Banks, 1904 – USA
  • G. wiehlei Schenkel, 1963 – Russia (South Siberia), Mongolia, China
  • G. xieae Zhang & Yin, 2001 – China
  • G. zeugitana Pavesi, 1880 – North Africa
  • G. zhaoi Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – China
  • G. zonsteini Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – Kyrgyzstan
  • G. zyuzini Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – Kazakhstan

References

  1. 1 2 3 Gloor, Daniel; Nentwig, Wolfgang; Blick, Theo; Kropf, Christian (2019). "Gen. Gnaphosa Latreille, 1804". World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. Natural History Museum Bern. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2019-06-04.
  2. ↑ Ubick, D.; Roth, V. D. (1973). "Nearctic Gnaphosidae including species from adjacent Mexican states". American Arachnology. 9 (2): 4.
  3. ↑ Murphy, J. (2007). Gnaphosid genera of the world. British Arachnological Society, St Neots, Cambridgeshire. p. 8.
  4. ↑ Latreille, P. A. (1804). "Tableau methodique des Insectes". Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris. 24: 129–295.
  5. ↑ "Genus Gnaphosa". BugGuide. Retrieved 2019-06-04.

Further reading

  • Ovcharenko, V. I.; Platnick, N.I. (1998). "Taxonomic notes on the ground spider genus Gnaphosa (Araneae, Gnaphosidae)". American Museum Novitates (3234). hdl:2246/3364.


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