Gliese 163
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation Dorado
Right ascension 04h 09m 15.66834s[1]
Declination −53° 22′ 25.2900″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 11.79[2]
Characteristics
Spectral type M3.5V[3]
B−V color index 1.480±0.008[2]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)58.30±0.24[1] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: 1046.236±0.019 mas/yr[1]
Dec.: 584.166±0.023 mas/yr[1]
Parallax (π)66.0705 ± 0.0172 mas[1]
Distance49.36 ± 0.01 ly
(15.135 ± 0.004 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)10.91[2]
Details
Mass0.405±0.010[4] M☉
Radius0.409+0.017
−0.016[4] R☉
Luminosity0.02163±0.00063[4] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.87[5] cgs
Temperature3,460+76
−74[4] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]0.1±0.1[6] dex
Rotation61.0±0.3 d[7]
Rotational velocity (v sin i)0.85[8] km/s
Age5[9] Gyr
Other designations
GJ 163, HIP 19394, LHS 188, LTT 1881[10]
Database references
SIMBADdata

Gliese 163 is a faint red dwarf star with multiple exoplanetary companions in the southern constellation of Dorado. Other stellar catalog names for it include HIP 19394 and LHS 188.[10] It is too faint to be visible to the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of 11.79[2] and an absolute magnitude of 10.91.[2] This system is located at a distance of 49.4 light-years from the Sun based on parallax measurements.[1] Judging by its space velocity components, it is most likely a thick disk star.[3]

This is a small M-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of M3.5V.[3] It has a relatively low activity level for a red dwarf of its mass, suggesting it is an old star with an age of at least two billion years.[6] This star has 41% of the mass and radius of the Sun.[4] It is spinning slowly with a projected rotational velocity of 0.85 km/s[8] and has a rotation period of 61 days.[7] The star is radiating just 2%[6] of the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 3,460 K.[4]

Planetary system

In September 2012, astronomers using the HARPS instrument announced the discovery of two planets orbiting Gliese 163.[11][12] The first planet, Gliese 163 b, is a super-Earth or mini-Neptune with an orbital period of 9 days, therefore far too hot to be considered habitable. However, Gliese 163 c, with an orbital period of 26 days and a minimum mass of 6.9 Earth masses, was considered to potentially be in the star's habitable zone, although it is hotter than Earth, with a temperature of 60 deg. C (140 deg. F). It has an eccentricity estimated to be about 0.03, giving it a fairly circular orbit. Evidence was also found for a third planet orbiting further out than c and b.[11][12]

In June 2013, it was concluded that at least 3 planets orbit around the star with a fourth planet being a possibility,[6] and in a paper submitted to arXiv in June 2019, that and another planet were found, thus giving the system a total of five planets.[13]

The Gliese 163 planetary system[14][13]
Companion
(in order from star)		 Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)		 Orbital period
(days)		 Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b ≥9.9±2.3 M🜨 0.060+0.005
−0.006		 8.6312+0.0023
−0.0021		 0.02+0.12
−0.02		 — —
c ≥7.6+2.9
−2.3 M🜨		 0.124+0.010
−0.013		 25.637±0.042 0.03+0.18
−0.03		 — —
f ≥6.8±4.4 M🜨 0.326+0.027
−0.034		 109.5+1.6
−1.4		 0.04+0.23
−0.04		 — —
e ≥13.6+8.2
−6.5 M🜨		 0.700±0.066 349+12
−10		 0.03+0.25
−0.03		 — —
d ≥20.2±7.6 M🜨 1.021+0.088
−0.118		 604+29
−24		 0.02+0.22
−0.02		 — —

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012), "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation", Astronomy Letters, 38 (5): 331, arXiv:1108.4971, Bibcode:2012AstL...38..331A, doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015, S2CID 119257644
  3. 1 2 3 Reid, I. Neill; et al. (October 1995). "The Palomar/MSU Nearby-Star Spectroscopic Survey. I. The Northern M Dwarfs -Bandstrengths and Kinematics". Astronomical Journal. 110: 1838. Bibcode:1995AJ....110.1838R. doi:10.1086/117655.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Pineda, J. Sebastian; et al. (September 2021). "The M-dwarf Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Sample. I. Determining Stellar Parameters for Field Stars". The Astrophysical Journal. 918 (1): 23. arXiv:2106.07656. Bibcode:2021ApJ...918...40P. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac0aea. S2CID 235435757. 40.
  5. ↑ Santos, N. C.; et al. (August 2013). "SWEET-Cat: A catalogue of parameters for Stars With ExoplanETs. I. New atmospheric parameters and masses for 48 stars with planets". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 556: 11. arXiv:1307.0354. Bibcode:2013A&A...556A.150S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321286. S2CID 55237847. A150.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Tuomi, M.; Anglada-Escudé, G. (2013). "Up to four planets around the M dwarf GJ 163". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 556: A111. arXiv:1306.1717. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321174. S2CID 16214668.
  7. 1 2 Suárez Mascareño, A.; et al. (September 2015), "Rotation periods of late-type dwarf stars from time series high-resolution spectroscopy of chromospheric indicators", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 452 (3): 2745–2756, arXiv:1506.08039, Bibcode:2015MNRAS.452.2745S, doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1441, S2CID 119181646
  8. 1 2 Houdebine, E. R.; Mullan, D. J.; Paletou, F.; Gebran, M.; Bubar, E. J.; McGahee, C. E.; O'Donoghue, A. A.; Knox, E. R. (2016). "Rotation-Activity Correlations in K and M Dwarfs. I. Stellar Parameters and Compilations of v sin I and P/Sin I for a Large Sample of Late-K and M Dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal. 822 (2): 97. arXiv:1604.07920. Bibcode:2016ApJ...822...97H. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/822/2/97. S2CID 119118088.
  9. ↑ Linsky, Jeffrey L.; et al. (October 2020). "The Relative Emission from Chromospheres and Coronae: Dependence on Spectral Type and Age". The Astrophysical Journal. 902 (1): 15. arXiv:2009.01958. Bibcode:2020ApJ...902....3L. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abb36f. S2CID 221507685. 3.
  10. 1 2 "L 229-91". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2021-11-16.
  11. 1 2 Méndez, Abel (August 29, 2012). "A Hot Potential Habitable Exoplanet around Gliese 163". University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo (Planetary Habitability Laboratory). Archived from the original on October 21, 2019. Retrieved September 20, 2012.
  12. 1 2 Redd, Nola Taylor (September 20, 2012). "Newfound Alien Planet a Top Contender to Host Life". Space.com. Retrieved September 20, 2012.
  13. 1 2 Tuomi, M.; et al. (June 2019). "Frequency of planets orbiting M dwarfs in the Solar neighbourhood". arXiv:1906.04644. Bibcode:2019arXiv190604644T. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  14. ↑ Bonfils, Xavier; et al. (5 August 2013). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 556: A110. arXiv:1306.0904. Bibcode:2013A&A...556A.110B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220237. S2CID 118456453.
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