First Baptist Church
Main building
First Baptist Church is located in Texas
First Baptist Church
First Baptist Church
First Baptist Church is located in the United States
First Baptist Church
First Baptist Church
32°47′5″N 96°47′58″W / 32.78472°N 96.79944°W / 32.78472; -96.79944
Location1707 San Jacinto St.,
Dallas, Texas
CountryUnited States
DenominationBaptist
AssociationsSouthern Baptist Convention
Membership13,000 (2018)
Websitewww.firstdallas.org
History
FoundedJuly 30, 1868 (1868-07-30)
Architecture
Heritage designationRecorded Texas Historic Landmark #6689
Designated1968
Administration
DivisionSouthern Baptists of Texas Convention
Clergy
Pastor(s)Robert Jeffress, since 2007

First Baptist Dallas is a Baptist megachurch located in Dallas, Texas. It is affiliated with the Southern Baptist Convention. It was established in 1868. The church is considered influential in Dallas and among evangelical Christians in the United States, because of its community involvement through 21 missions.[1]

The First Baptist Church of Dallas had many former affiliating and existing notable ministries from Silent Friends to First Baptist Academy to Criswell College, several radio stations (including KCBI), and Dallas Life, a mission for the homeless on the southern edge of Downtown Dallas. In 2018, the church claimed 13,000 members. The current pastor is Dr. Robert Jeffress appointed since 2007 after Pastor Mac Brunson in 1999, who then succeeded Pastor OS Hawkins in 1993, who succeeded Pastor Joel Gregory in 1990. The preceding pastors before Joel Gregory were Dr. WA Criswell and George W. Truett.

History

Historic building

The First Baptist Church of Dallas was established on July 30, 1868, with eleven founding members. They convened in the Masonic Hall, located on Lamar Street near Ross Avenue.[2] In 1872, the congregation pooled their funds together to purchase the first building, on Akard, in downtown Dallas. The cornerstone of the sanctuary that the congregation worships in today was laid in 1891.

Since the 1970s, the church has established a number of ministries that are affiliated with the church. First Baptist Academy of Dallas and Criswell College (formerly Criswell Bible Institute) were formed to champion Christian education. In the mid-1970s, Criswell College purchased KCBI to be used as a Christian radio station. The station has resided on the lower frequencies of FM. Now at 90.9 FM, KCBI broadcasts as part of the Criswell Radio Network, and includes KCCE and KSAO of San Angelo, Texas, and KCBK of Frederick, Oklahoma.

In 2013, Ted Cruz, invited by Robert Jeffress, attended the church and gave a speech on faith and the U.S. Constitution to the congregation. Jeffress praised Cruz as "a strong leader and a committed Christian".[3]

In 2013, a 3,000 seat Worship Center and expansion was built at the cost of $130 million, close to the historic building. The center has 178,000 square feet (16,500 m2) of space, and the older facilities were also renovated.[4]

In 2018, the church claimed 13,000 members.[1]

Senior pastors

W. W. Harris was the first pastor and was followed by several others during the early years of the church. In 1897, the first of the two most notable pastors, George W Truett, accepted the position of Pastor and remained there until his death in July 1944. In 1944, Dr. W. A. Criswell became the pastor of the church. During his tenure, the church expanded to multiple buildings covering five blocks in Downtown Dallas, eventually becoming the largest Southern Baptist church in the world. Dr. Criswell became Pastor Emeritus from 1995 until his death in 2002. In 1990, Joel Gregory became pastor, followed by O. S. Hawkins in 1993, Mac Brunson in 1999, and Robert Jeffress in 2007.

Facilities

During Dr. Criswell's pastorship In 2013, First Baptist Dallas completed a major renovation and expansion of their facilities, including construction of a new worship center. With a price tag of $130,000,000 it is the most expensive Protestant building project in modern history.[5][6] In 2019 they announced another $35,000,000 expansion to the Horner Family Center and the addition of a new parking garage, growing the Family Center to 179,000 square feet from an original 98,500 preexisting square footage.[7]

FBC Dallas has a 3,000 seat worship center as well as a large skywalk.[8] It also contains computer-synchronized water fountain playing music.[9] Despite implosion of a large portion of their six-block campus, First Baptist retains the original worship center (in addition to its new worship center) as an ancillary venue for worship services, weddings and other events.[10][11]

Controversies

W. A. Criswell

Pastor W. A. Criswell never spoke in support of racial segregation in his sermons but was critical of the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education and of federal intervention against de jure southern segregation.[12] In 1956 he made an address denouncing forced integration to a South Carolina evangelism conference. A day later, he addressed the South Carolina legislature remarking that he "strongly favored racial segregation" and charged that those who were attempting to integrate the white church were "infidels, dying from the neck up."[12][13] He was particularly critical of the National Council of Churches and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. However, after his 1968 election as president of the Southern Baptist Convention, he said that his church already had many non-white members and was open to all regardless of race. In 1970, he remarked that he had "come to the profound conclusion that to separate by coercion the body of Christ on the basis of skin pigmentation was unthinkable, unchristian and unacceptable to God".[14] He asserted publicly, "I don't think that segregation could have been or was at any time intelligently, seriously supported by the Bible.[15]

In September 1992, after 2 years of pastoring, senior pastor Joel C. Gregory announced his resignation, claiming it was due to the refusal of Pastor W.A Criswell to relinquish control of the church, despite Gregory being the senior pastor de jure.[16] In 1994, Gregory published the book "Too Great a Temptation: The Seductive Power of America's Super Church", detaling his reasons for leaving.[17][18][19][20]

Robert Jeffress

Since 2008, Pastor Robert Jeffress has been involved in numerous controversies, for hate speech against homosexuals, Muslims, Catholics, Mormons and president Barack Obama.[21] In November 2008, Jeffress, in his sermon "Gay Is Not OK", stated that "What they [homosexuals] do is filthy. It [fellatio] is so degrading that it is beyond description. And it is their filthy behavior that explains why they are so much more prone to disease."[22][23] In September 2010, Pastor Jeffress branded Islam as an "evil, evil religion", claiming that it "promoted pedophilia".[24] And in December 2010, Jeffress established a "Naughty and Nice List" where businesses are identified based on whether or not they openly celebrated Christmas, saying "I wanted to do something positive to encourage businesses to acknowledge Christmas and not bow to the strident voices of a minority who object to the holiday."[25][26] Also in 2010, he referred to Roman Catholicism as a "Satanic" result of "Babylonian mystery religion".[27] In October 2011 at the Values Voter Summit, Jeffress branded the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) as "a cult". He received widespread criticism for his statement, but he has not retracted it despite then U.S. presidential candidate and LDS church member Mitt Romney's request for him to do so.[28] On November 4, 2012, the Sunday before the 2012 election, Jeffress said that Barack Obama was "paving the way for the future reign of the Antichrist."[29]

In June 2015, he compared the "marginalization" of Christians in the United States with Jews under Nazi Germany, which was seen as a lack of respect to victims of Holocaust.[30]

Notable members

American evangelist Rev. Billy Graham became a member of the First Baptist Church of Dallas in 1953 while visiting Dallas during his crusade to the area and remained a church member for over fifty years, despite not residing within the Dallas area and only very infrequently visiting the Dallas church. In December 2008, the 90-year-old Graham switched his church membership to First Baptist Church of Spartanburg, South Carolina, that was closer to his residence in North Carolina.[31][32]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Sharon Grigsby, Is the real First Baptist Dallas more than just divisive pastor Robert Jeffress?, dallasnews.com, USA, Jul 27, 2018
  2. ↑ Lefever, Alan J. "First Baptist Church, Dallas". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved June 10, 2018.
  3. ↑ Jervis, Rick (December 11, 2015). "Ted Cruz uses faith freely on campaign trail". USA Today. Retrieved June 12, 2017.
  4. ↑ "First Baptist of Dallas unveils its new campus". The Dallas Morning News. March 31, 2013. Retrieved October 22, 2019.
  5. ↑ "First Baptist Dallas Completes Largest Protestant Church Building Project in Modern History". Church Executive. April 13, 2013. Retrieved September 12, 2020.
  6. ↑ "First Baptist Dallas Completes Largest Church Building Project in Modern History, Contributing to Ongoing Dallas Revitalization: Historic Congregation Goes Against National Church Trend to Build New $130 Million Downtown Campus" (PDF).
  7. ↑ "Downtown Dallas' First Baptist ready to kick off $35 million campus expansion". Dallas News. January 17, 2019. Retrieved September 12, 2020.
  8. ↑ "How First Baptist's Robert Jeffress Ordained Himself to Lead America". D Magazine. Retrieved September 12, 2020.
  9. ↑ "First Baptist Church". GPSI. Retrieved September 12, 2020.
  10. ↑ Michels, Patrick (October 30, 2010). "From Church to Dust, First Baptist Implosion Makes Room for Shiny New Home Downtown". Dallas Observer. Retrieved September 12, 2020.
  11. ↑ "First Baptist Church Dallas launches $130 million building project". Baptist Standard. November 3, 2009. Retrieved September 12, 2020.
  12. 1 2 Freeman, Curtis (2007). ""Never Had I Been So Blind": W. A. Criswell's "Change" on Racial Segregation" (PDF). Journal of Southern Religion. 10: 1–12. Retrieved October 9, 2015.
  13. ↑ Fitzgerald, Francis (2020). The Evangelicals. Simon & Schuster. p. 243.
  14. ↑ Leonard, Bill J. (1990). God's Last and Only Hope. University of Michigan Press. p. 22.
  15. ↑ Criswell, W. A. (1990). Standing on the Promises: The Autobiography of W. A. Criswell. Dallas, Texas: Word Publishing. pp. 202–204, 216–217. ISBN 0-8499-0843-4.
  16. ↑ Steve Scott and Enrique Rangel (October 3, 1992). "PASTOR SUDDENLY RESIGNS AT LARGEST U.S. BAPTIST CHURCH". orlandosentinel.com. The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
  17. ↑ Somerville, Frank P. L. (October 23, 1994). "A pastor is led into temptation by the allure of a megachurch". baltimoresun.com. Retrieved September 12, 2020.
  18. ↑ Staff, Adelle M. Banks of The Sentinel (October 1, 1994). "EX-PASTOR RAISES QUESTION ABOUT MEGACHURCHES' FUTURE". OrlandoSentinel.com. Retrieved September 12, 2020.
  19. ↑ Hirsley, Mike (September 23, 1994). "WHY TEXAS PASTOR QUIT HIS DREAM JOB". chicagotribune.com. Retrieved September 12, 2020.
  20. ↑ "The rise and fall and rise again of Joel Gregory". Baptist Standard. September 19, 2014. Retrieved September 12, 2020.
  21. ↑ Julieta Chiquillo, Who is Robert Jeffress? A guide to the Dallas pastor's controversies, dallasnews.com, USA, Jun 7, 2018
  22. ↑ Stoyan Zaimov, Pastor Robert Jeffress 'Open to Possibility' That Sexual Orientation Has Genetic Basis, christianpost.com, USA, February 01, 2013
  23. ↑ Sam Hodges, About 100 protest at First Baptist Dallas over `Why gay is not OK' sermon, dallasnews.com, USA, November 9, 2008
  24. ↑ Jillian Rayfield (September 7, 2010). "Dallas Pastor Defends Claim That Islam 'Promotes Pedophilia'". Talking Points Memo. Retrieved October 8, 2011.
  25. ↑ "December 7, 2010 Podcaset". Christian News Weekly.
  26. ↑ "First Baptist's Robert Jeffress to Publicly Shame Stores That Don't Celebrate Christmas". Dallas Observer blogs. December 7, 2010.
  27. ↑ "Jeffress 'Says Satan Is Behind Roman Catholicism". Right Wing Watch. October 8, 2011.
  28. ↑ Karen Brooks and Peter Bohan (October 9, 2011). "Texas pastor stands ground on "cult" comment about Mormons". Reuters. Retrieved October 9, 2011.
  29. ↑ Gryboski, Michael (November 8, 2012). "Texas Megachurch Pastor Says Obama Will 'Pave Way' for Antichrist". The Christian Post. Retrieved November 12, 2012.
  30. ↑ Stoyan Zaimov, Pastor Robert Jeffress 'Disrespectful' to Victims of Holocaust by Comparing 'Marginalization' of Christians in the US to Jews Under Nazi Germany, Rabbi Claims, christianpost.com, USA, June 15, 2015
  31. ↑ Sam Hodges (December 29, 2008). "Billy Graham moves membership from First Baptist Dallas". Dallas Morning News. Retrieved April 6, 2014.
  32. ↑ Bobby Ross Jr., Billy Graham never lived in Texas but belonged to a Dallas church for 54 years, religionnews.com, USA, February 21, 2018
  • George Jackson, Sixty Years in Texas, 1908, pp. 247–248
  • H. Leon McBeth, The First Baptist Church of Dallas: Centennial History (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan, 1968)
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