Feron parmula
A gall formed by F. parmula
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Cynipidae
Genus: Feron
Species:
F. parmula
Binomial name
Feron parmula
Bassett, 1900
Synonyms

Andricus parmula

Feron parmula, also known as the disc gall wasp, is a species of oak gall wasp in the genus Feron.[1][2] It induces galls in a wide selection of oak species, especially white oaks,[3] and including hybrids.[4] The galls are disc-shaped, up to 3 mm in diameter, and pale with red streaking. Adult females emerge in April.[3] The galls induced by F. parmula superficially resemble the galls of Feron gigas, Andricus viscidus, and newly identified species called the "plate gall wasp" and the "orange-cap gall wasp" by Richard Russo.[3] Galls induced by this wasp have been documented in Oregon and California on the Pacific coast of North America.[5]

References

  1. ↑ "Species Andricus parmula - Disc Gall Wasp". bugguide.net. Retrieved 2022-09-08.
  2. ↑ Cuesta-Porta, Victor; Melika, George; Nicholls, James A.; Stone, Graham N.; Pujade-Villar, Juli (2023-11-07). "Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Feron Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including the description of six new species". Zootaxa. 5366 (1): 1–174. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5366.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334.
  3. 1 2 3 Russo, Ronald A. (2021). Plant galls of the Western United States. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. pp. 112, 113, 129, 187, 290. ISBN 978-0-691-21340-8. OCLC 1239984577.
  4. ↑ Pearse, Ian S.; Baty, Jill H. (2012). "The predictability of traits and ecological interactions on 17 different crosses of hybrid oaks". Oecologia. 169 (2): 489–497. Bibcode:2012Oecol.169..489P. doi:10.1007/s00442-011-2216-5. ISSN 0029-8549. JSTOR 41500048. PMID 22159813. S2CID 6462086.
  5. ↑ "Disc Gall Wasp (Andricus parmula)". iNaturalist. Retrieved 2023-10-26.


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