Farm Cove
Suburb
View of Farm Cove from Maungarei
View of Farm Cove from Maungarei
Coordinates: 36°53′45″S 174°52′57″E / 36.8957°S 174.8824°E / -36.8957; 174.8824
CountryNew Zealand
CityAuckland
Local authorityAuckland Council
Electoral wardHowick ward
Local boardHowick Local Board
Area
[1]
 • Land98 ha (242 acres)
Population
 (June 2022)[2]
 • Total2,570
Point England (Tāmaki River) Half Moon Bay
Tāmaki
Farm Cove
 Pakuranga
(Tāmaki River) Sunnyhills Highland Park

Farm Cove is a suburb located in East Auckland, New Zealand. The suburb is in the Howick ward, one of the thirteen administrative divisions of Auckland. The Rotary Walkway Reserve runs through Farm Cove.

Geography

Farm Cove is located on the eastern shores of the Tāmaki River.[3] The Wakaaranga Creek forms a border to the north between Farm Cove and Half Moon Bay.[4][5] A kauri tree fossil forest can be found around the shoreline of Farm Cove at Sanctuary Point, which may have formed after a volcanic eruption around 26,000 years ago.[6]

History

Māori history

The Farm Cove area is part of the rohe of Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki, who descend from the crew of the Tainui migratory waka, who visited the area around the year 1300.[7] The mouth of the Tāmaki River was traditionally known as Te Wai ō Tāiki ("The Waters of Tāiki"), named after the Ngāi Tai ancestor Tāiki. Tāiki settled with his followers along the eastern shores of the Tāmaki River, alongside the descendants of Huiārangi of the early iwi Te Tini ō Maruiwi.[8] Ōhuiarangi / Pigeon Mountain was an important pā site for Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki, named after ancestress Huiārangi, daughter of Tāmaki of Te Tini ō Maruiwi.[7] The slopes of the mountain and surrounding areas were home to extensive stonefield gardens, and the mountain was an important location for snaring kererū.[7] In approximately the first half of the 18th century, Ngāriki, a rangatira of Ngāi Tai, built a fortified pā at Te Naupata (Musick Point), the headland at the end of the peninsula, called Te Waiārohia (a shortening of Te Waiārohia ō Ngāriki).[8][9] The followers of Ngāriki also settled at the Ōhuiarangi pā.[10] The shores of the Wakaaranga Creek were widely cultivated.[7]

During the Musket Wars in the 1820s, the wider area was evacuated, and the lands became tapu to Ngāi Tai due to the events of the conflict.[11][12] Most members of Ngāi Tai fled to the Waikato for temporary refuge during this time, and when English missionary William Thomas Fairburn visited the area in 1833, it was mostly unoccupied.[13]

In 1836, William Thomas Fairburn brokered a land sale between Tāmaki Māori chiefs covering the majority of modern-day South Auckland, East Auckland and the Pōhutukawa Coast.[14] The sale was envisioned as a way to end hostilities in the area, but it is unclear what the chiefs understood or consented to. Māori continued to live in the area, unchanged by this sale.[15] In 1854 when Fairburn's purchase was investigated by the New Zealand Land Commission, a Ngāi Tai reserve was created around the Wairoa River and Umupuia areas, and as a part of the agreement, members of Ngāi Tai agreed to leave their traditional settlements to the west.[16][13]

European settlement

Newly constructed seawall and housing in Farm Cove in 1973

For the first 100 years of European settlement, Farm Cove was considered a rural area of Pakuranga.[6] In 1843, settler Joseph Hargreaves purchased 83 acres of land around Farm Cove, and built a residence residence he called Butley, near the site of modern-day Farm Cove Intermediate.[17][18] More settlers arrived in the wider area after 1847, when Howick was established as a defensive outpost for Auckland, by fencibles (retired British Army soldiers) and their families.[19] A ferry operated between the Bramley Drive Reserve Beach and Point England between 1847 and 1865, transporting people across the Tāmaki River.[18] In the 19th Century, the Gill dairy farm was established at Farm Cove, which supplied Auckland city.[6]

The suburb was developed by Fletcher Construction in the late 1960s and early 1970s.[20] Fletcher named the suburb after Joseph Hargreaves' farm house,[6] which was demolished only a few years later in 1972.[17] In 1971, the Pakuranga Junior Sailing Club moved to Farm Cove from Pakuranga,[21] and in 1973 the Farm Cove Shopping Centre was opened.[22]

In 1999, Farm Cove Observatory, a private observatory was established by Fred Goodfellow.[23]

Demographics

Farm Cove covers 0.98 km2 (0.38 sq mi)[1] and had an estimated population of 2,570 as of June 2022,[2] with a population density of 2,622 people per km2.

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
20062,472—    
20132,508+0.21%
20182,583+0.59%
Source: [24]

Farm Cove had a population of 2,583 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 75 people (3.0%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 111 people (4.5%) since the 2006 census. There were 846 households, comprising 1,233 males and 1,350 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.91 males per female. The median age was 43.1 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 492 people (19.0%) aged under 15 years, 453 (17.5%) aged 15 to 29, 1,182 (45.8%) aged 30 to 64, and 456 (17.7%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 67.6% European/Pākehā, 5.0% Māori, 2.7% Pacific peoples, 30.2% Asian, and 2.9% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

The percentage of people born overseas was 37.4, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 49.8% had no religion, 38.0% were Christian, 0.1% had Māori religious beliefs, 2.0% were Hindu, 1.0% were Muslim, 1.6% were Buddhist and 2.4% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 699 (33.4%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 204 (9.8%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $39,400, compared with $31,800 nationally. 528 people (25.3%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 984 (47.1%) people were employed full-time, 330 (15.8%) were part-time, and 57 (2.7%) were unemployed.[24]

Education

Farm Cove Intermediate is an intermediate school (years 7-8) with a roll of 524,[25] and was established in 1980.[26] Wakaaranga School is a contributing primary school (years 1-6) with a roll of 699.[27] The school was opened in 1976,[28] and its name means "The resting place of the canoe".[29] The schools are both coeducational and are on adjacent sites. Rolls are as of April 2023.[30] There is also a small public kindergarten, located behind Wakaaranga Primary School.

References

  1. 1 2 "ArcGIS Web Application". statsnz.maps.arcgis.com. Retrieved 24 July 2022.
  2. 1 2 "Population estimate tables - NZ.Stat". Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
  3. ↑ "Farm Cove". New Zealand Gazetteer. Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  4. ↑ "Half Moon Bay". New Zealand Gazetteer. Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  5. ↑ "Wakaaranga Creek". New Zealand Gazetteer. Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  6. 1 2 3 4 La Roche, Alan 2011, pp. 139.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Green, Nathew (2011). "From Hawaīki to Howick – A Ngāi Tai History". Grey's Folly: A History of Howick, Pakuranga, Bucklands-Eastern Beaches, East Tamaki, Whitford, Beachlands and Maraetai. By La Roche, Alan. Auckland: Tui Vale Productions. pp. 16–33. ISBN 978-0-473-18547-3. OCLC 1135039710.
  8. 1 2 Green, Nat (2010). Ōtau: a Ngāi Tai Cultural Heritage Assessment of Clevedon Village, Wairoa Valley (PDF) (Report). Auckland Council. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
  9. ↑ La Roche, Alan 2011, pp. 133.
  10. ↑ La Roche, Alan 2011, pp. 142.
  11. ↑ Ngāi Tai Ki Tāmaki and the Trustees of the Ngāi Tai Ki Tāmaki Trust and the Crown (7 November 2015). "Deed of settlement schedule documents" (PDF). NZ Government. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 February 2020. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
  12. ↑ "Te Naupata / Musick Point". Heritage New Zealand. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  13. 1 2 Heritage Department of the Auckland Regional Council. "Duder Regional Park – Our History" (PDF). Auckland Council. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
  14. ↑ "13 June 1865". Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. MJ_0760. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
  15. ↑ Moore, D; Rigby, B; Russell, M (July 1997). Rangahaua Whanui National Theme A: Old Land Claims (PDF) (Report). Waitangi Tribunal. Retrieved 5 March 2023.
  16. ↑ Clough, Tom; Apfel, Aaron; Clough, Rod (June 2020). 109 Beachlands Road, Beachlands, Auckland: Preliminary Archaeological Assessment (PDF) (Report). Environmental Protection Authority. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
  17. 1 2 "24 August 1843". Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. MJ_0114. Retrieved 21 June 2023.
  18. 1 2 La Roche, Alan 2011, pp. 325.
  19. ↑ La Roche, Alan 2011, pp. 48.
  20. ↑ "Fletcher Construction Co Ltd: residential housing, New Zealand". Fletcher Archives. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  21. ↑ "4 July 1967". Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. MJ_4256. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  22. ↑ "24 October 1973". Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. MJ_4693. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  23. ↑ "4 June 1999". Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. MJ_6621. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  24. 1 2 "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. Farm Cove (148400). 2018 Census place summary: Farm Cove
  25. ↑ Education Counts: Farm Cove Intermediate
  26. ↑ "19 April 1980". Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. MJ_5252. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  27. ↑ Education Counts: Wakaaranga School
  28. ↑ "3 February 1976". Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. MJ_4963. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  29. ↑ "Our History". Wakaaranga School. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
  30. ↑ "New Zealand Schools Directory". New Zealand Ministry of Education. Retrieved 12 December 2022.

Bibliography

  • La Roche, Alan (2011). Grey's Folly: A History of Howick, Pakuranga, Bucklands-Eastern Beaches, East Tamaki, Whitford, Beachlands and Maraetai. Auckland: Tui Vale Productions. ISBN 978-0-473-18547-3. OCLC 1135039710. Wikidata Q118286377.
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