Ezekiel 45
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The page with a diagram to illustrate Ezekiel's vision in chapter 45 of the division of the Promised Land, from the Book of the prophets, with Rashi's commentary (late 13th century).
Book	Book of Ezekiel
Hebrew Bible part	Nevi'im
Order in the Hebrew part	7
Category	Latter Prophets
Christian Bible part	Old Testament
Order in the Christian part	26

Ezekiel 45 is the forty-fifth chapter of the Book of Ezekiel in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.^[1][2] This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet/priest Ezekiel,^[3] and is one of the Books of the Prophets.^[4][5] The final section of Ezekiel, chapters 40-48, give the ideal picture of a new temple. The Jerusalem Bible refers to this section as "the Torah of Ezekiel".^[6] In particular, chapters 44–46 record various laws governing the rites and personnel of the sanctuary, as a supplement to Ezekiel's vision.^[7]

This chapter contains Ezekiel's vision of the portion of land reserved for the sanctuary (Ezekiel 45:1-5), for the city (verse 6), and for the prince (verses 7–8), and the ordinances for the prince (verses 9-25).^[8] The vision was given on the 25th anniversary of Ezekiel's exile, "April 28, 573 BCE",^[9] 14 years after the fall of Jerusalem and 12 years after the last messages of hope in chapter 39.^[10]

Text

The original text was written in the Hebrew language. This chapter is divided into 25 verses.

Textual witnesses

The visionary Ezekiel Temple plan drawn by the 19th-century French architect and Bible scholar Charles Chipiez

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (10th century), Codex Leningradensis (1008).^[11]

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BC. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; ${\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}$^B; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; ${\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}$^A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; ${\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}$^Q; 6th century).^{[12][lower-alpha 1]}

The allotment of land (45:1–8)

This section is a shortened form of the instructions in Ezekiel 48:8–22, which specifies the land allotted to the priests, because "they shall own no patrimony in Israel" (Ezekiel 44:28).^[14] The location of the land lay between those allotted to the tribe of Judah and Benjamin.^[15]

The princes' tasks (45:9–17)

In this section, the princes are warned not to set themselves above the law, but instead, to enforce the law.^[19]

Temple purification and festivals (45:18–25)

This section sets up a ritual calendar.^[20] The first three verses (18–20) of this part are related to Ezekiel 43:18–27 regarding the sacrifices to purify the temple, just as ordered to purify the altar.^[21] The instruction is followed by the regulations for 2 annual festivals, that all adult males are ordered to attend as pilgrimage, in verses 21–25.^[21]

See also

• Gerah
• Israel
• New Jerusalem Dead Sea Scroll
• Nisan (first month in Hebrew calendar)
• Passover
• Sukkot
• Third Temple
• Tishrei (seventh month in Hebrew calendar)
• Related Bible parts: Exodus 12, Leviticus 23, Numbers 29, Deuteronomy 16, 1 Kings 6, 2 Chronicles 3, Ezekiel 40, Ezekiel 43, Ezekiel 44, Revelation 21

Notes

References

Sources

• Bromiley, Geoffrey W. (1995). International Standard Bible Encyclopedia: vol. iv, Q-Z. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802837844.
• Brown, Francis; Briggs, Charles A.; Driver, S. R. (1994). The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon (reprint ed.). Hendrickson Publishers. ISBN 978-1565632066.
• Carley, Keith W. (1974). The Book of the Prophet Ezekiel. Cambridge Bible Commentaries on the New English Bible (illustrated ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521097550.
• Clements, Ronald E (1996). Ezekiel. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 9780664252724.
• Coogan, Michael David (2007). Coogan, Michael David; Brettler, Marc Zvi; Newsom, Carol Ann; Perkins, Pheme (eds.). The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 (Augmented 3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195288810.
• Galambush, J. (2007). "25. Ezekiel". In Barton, John; Muddiman, John (eds.). The Oxford Bible Commentary (first (paperback) ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 533–562. ISBN 978-0199277186. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
• Gesenius, H. W. F. (1979). Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament Scriptures: Numerically Coded to Strong's Exhaustive Concordance, with an English Index. Translated by Tregelles, Samuel Prideaux (7th ed.). Baker Book House.
• Joyce, Paul M. (2009). Ezekiel: A Commentary. Continuum. ISBN 9780567483614.
• The Nelson Study Bible. Thomas Nelson, Inc. 1997. ISBN 9780840715999.
• Würthwein, Ernst (1995). The Text of the Old Testament. Translated by Rhodes, Erroll F. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans. ISBN 0-8028-0788-7. Retrieved January 26, 2019.

External links