38°41′47″N 22°24′36″E / 38.6963°N 22.4099°E Erineus or Erineos (Ancient Greek: Ἐρινεός), also known as Erineum or Erineon (Ἐρινεόν) was a town and polis (city-state)[1] in ancient Doris, one of the towns of the Doric Tetrapolis (along with Pindus, Cytinium, and Boium).[2][3][4][5][6][7][8] According to Andron of Halicarnassus, the founders of these cities were coming from an area that was also called Doris, in Thessaly, and that was also called Histiaeotis.[9] It is described by Strabo as lying below the town of Pindus; it probably stood upon the river of the latter name.[10] Recounting the ships in the Battle of Salamis, Herodotus notes the contingents of the Peloponnese, saying that the Dorians and Macedonians were originally from Pindus, Erineus, and Dryopis.[11] Thucydides writes that during First Peloponnesian War, about the year 458 or 457 BCE, the Phocians attacked the cities of Boium, Erineus and Cytinium in Doris. The Lacedemonians came to their defense, with troops commanded by Nicomedes of Sparta and forced the Phocians to retreat.[2]
According to Tyrtaeus, Erineus is the town from which the Spartans originally came.[12]
Its location within what is now the town of Kastellia (Καστέλλια), Greece.[13][14]
References
- ↑ Mogens Herman Hansen & Thomas Heine Nielsen (2004). "Doris". An inventory of archaic and classical poleis. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 675. ISBN 0-19-814099-1.
- 1 2 Thucydides. History of the Peloponnesian War. Vol. 1.107.
- ↑ Scymn. Ch. 591.
- ↑ Ptolemy. The Geography. Vol. 3.15.15.
- ↑ Stephanus of Byzantium. Ethnica. Vol. s.v.
- ↑ Tzetz. ad Lycophr. 741; Schol. ad Pind. Pyth. 1.121.
- ↑ Pomponius Mela. De situ orbis. Vol. 2.3.
- ↑ Pliny. Naturalis Historia. Vol. 4.7.13.
- ↑ Strabo. Geographica. Vol. 9.4-10, 10.4.6. Page numbers refer to those of Isaac Casaubon's edition.
- ↑ Strabo. Geographica. Vol. viii. p.362, ix. p. 427. Page numbers refer to those of Isaac Casaubon's edition.
- ↑ Herodotus. Histories. Vol. 8.43.
- ↑ Strabo, CURFRAG.tlg-0266.1Strabo citing Tyrtaeus: “He says he is of that place in the Elegy entitled Eunomia or Orderliness : For Cronus's Son Himself, Zeus the husband of fair-crowned Hera, hath given this city [Sparta] to the children of Heracles, with whom we came into the wide isle of Pelops from windy Erineus."
- ↑ Lund University. Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire.
- ↑ Richard Talbert, ed. (2000). Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. Princeton University Press. p. 55, and directory notes accompanying.
Sources
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Erineus". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.- STOA