Empaako is a practice of the Batooro, Banyoro, Batuku, Batagwenda, and Banyabindi peoples of Uganda by which children are given a name. This name “is one of the twelve names common to the communities” and is added to their first and last name.[1]
Empaako is included on the UNESCO list of intangible world heritage requiring emergency safeguarding.[2]
Usage
The name empaako is used to emphasize the social bonds existing when addressing the person. It is used to greet or show affection, respect, honor or lover.[1]
The empaako is awarded during a ceremony by the clan chief in the newborn's home. The choice of name is based on an analysis of the child's traits by his paternal aunts who look for a resemblance with other members of the family. Once the name is chosen, the clan chief attributes it to the child.[1]
After the ceremony, a meal of millet and smoked beef is shared. Presents are given to the baby and a tree is planted.[1]
Empaako names
The empaako names, twelve in number plus one intended for kings according to The Ugandan , are as follows (those which do not contain details can be worn by men or women without distinction):[3]
- Abbala (for men): which was originally reserved for those close to the king. The name comes from the luo “abalo” meaning “I spoiled him”.
- Abbooki : which would be for people loving the roles of parents, teachers, elders, mentors, etc. It comes from the luo “aboko” meaning “I told it to you”.
- Abwooli : which relates to diplomatic relations. It comes from the Luo word “abwolo” meaning “I fooled you” but which took on the following meaning: “all truth is not always good to say, because it could hurt or create unnecessary and avoidable pain”.
- Acaali (for men): which is worn by people resembling another in nature and character. It is close to the Luo word “acalo” meaning “I look like you”.
- Acaanga : which would be unusual.
- Adyeeri : which comes from the luo “adyero” meaning “I sacrificed you”. In bunyoro , it would designate a friendly, affectionate person with a big heart.
- Akiiki : which comes from bunyoro-kitara. It promotes the family, community and national interests of the person, who wears it out of love, care, kindness and honesty.
- Amooti : which comes from the luo “amoto” meaning “I salute you”. In bunyoro-kitara, it designates a respectful person.
- Apuuli (for man): refers to a person who attracts people.
- Araali (for man): refers to a person who is perceived as having the power to make lightning fall.
- Ateenyi : derived from the luo “atenyo” meaning “I left him”. It designates a person who loves and understands wrongdoers without condemning their faults.
- Atwooki : refers to the one who kisses or punishes.
- Okaali (for kings): comes from the luo “okalo” meaning “he/she jumped on you”. In the Bunyoro and Toroo kingdoms, it designates the people with the highest responsibilities within a Kingdom.
Notes
Bibliography
- "The empaako tradition of the Batooro, Banyoro, Batuku, Batagwenda and Banyabindi of western Uganda". UNESCO. 2013.
- Comité intergouvernemental de l'UNESCO (2013). "Decision of the Intergovernmental Committee: 8.COM 7.A.12". Bakou.
- Robinah Birungi. "Empaako Ceremony, Origin and meaning". The Ugandan. Archived from the original on 3 August 2017.
- Godfrey Mwakikagile, « Empaako (names of endearment) », in Uganda: The Land and Its People, New Africa Press, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 2009, p. 62-64 ISBN 9789987930890