Demographics of United Arab Emirates
Population pyramid of the United Arab Emirates in 2020
Population9,915,803 (2022 est.)
Growth rate0.58% (2022 est.)
Birth rate10.81 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate1.56 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Life expectancy79.56 years
 • male78.21 years
 • female80.99 years
Fertility rate1.64 children born/woman (2022 est.)
Infant mortality rate5.14 deaths/1,000 live births
Net migration rate3.45 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Age structure
0–14 years14.45%
15–64 years83.65%
65 and over1.90%
Sex ratio
Total2.21 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
At birth1.06 male(s)/female
Under 151.06 male(s)/female
65 and over1.86 male(s)/female
Nationality
NationalityEmirati
Language
OfficialArabic
SpokenArabic, English, Hindi, Malayalam, Urdu, Pashto, Tagalog, Persian

Demographic features of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) include population density, vital statistics, immigration and emigration data, ethnicity, education levels, religions practiced, and languages spoken within the UAE.

Population

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1963 95,000—    
1968 180,226+13.66%
1975 557,887+17.52%
1980 1,042,099+13.31%
1985 1,379,303+5.77%
1995 2,411,041+5.74%
1999 2,938,000+5.07%
2005 4,106,427+5.74%
2010 8,264,070+15.01%
2011 8,925,096+8.00%
2012 9,205,651+3.14%
2013 9,346,129[1]+1.53%
2016 9,269,610[1]−0.27%
2018 9,599,353[2]+1.76%
Sources:[3][4]

The United Arab Emirates experienced a significant population increase in recent years as a result of major economic growth in certain economic sectors. This led to an influx of workers from diverse cultural and religious backgrounds, increasing the population from 4.1 million in 2005 to roughly 9.5 million in 2018.[5] As of 2018, the number of UAE citizens is around 11.5% and the remaining 88.5% made up of expatriate workers, the largest proportion of expats in the world in relation to the nationals (with the exception of the Vatican). The largest group of non-UAE nationals are South Asian 59.4% (includes Indians 38.2%, Bangladeshi 9.5%, Pakistani 9.4%, others 2.3%), Egyptian 10.2%, Filipino 6.1%, other 12.8%.[6]

Female citizens and non-citizens account for 28% percent of the UAE's population due to the high level of male foreign workers.[7] The majority of the UAE population falls in the age group of 25 to 54 year old. A large part of this can be attributed to the expatriate worker population who fall in the age category.[8] Population is heavily concentrated to the northeast on the Musandam Peninsula, the three largest Emirates - Dubai (2.7 million), Abu Dhabi (1.9 million) and Sharjah (1.4 million), are home to nearly 75% of the population.[9][10][11]

The population of the UAE in 2018 was 9,630,959, a 1.52% increase from 2017. In 2019, the population was 9,770,529, a 1.45% increase from 2018.[12] The current population of the UAE stands at 9,991,089 million, a 1.02% increase from 2020.[13]

Population development

According to sources, the 2021 UAE population including expats is 9.99 million, of which 69% of the population is male and 31% of the population is female.[14][15][16] The total expat population in UAE has now come to 8.84 million, which constitutes approximately 89% of the population. Emiratis or the UAE nationals are only 11% or 1.15 million today. While taking a closer look at the 2021 UAE population by nationality, there are people from more than 200 nationalities living and working in the country. Currently, the Indian population in UAE is the highest with 2.75 million, followed by Pakistanis with 1.27 million. The UAE has around 0.75 million Bangladeshi nationals, 0.56 million Filipinos, and 0.48 million Iranians. There are also people from Egypt (0.42 million), Nepal (0.32 million), Sri Lanka (0.32 million), China (0.21 million) and the rest of the world (1.79 million).[17][18]

EmirateCensus 1975Census 1985Census 1995Census 2005Est. 2010
Abu Dhabi 211,812 566,036 942,463 1,399,484
Dubai 183,187 370,788 689,420 1,321,453
Sharjah 78,790 228,317 402,792 793,573
Ajman 16,690 54,546 121,491 206,997
Umm Al-Quwain 6,908 19,285 35,361 49,159
Ras Al-Khaimah 43,845 96,578 143,334 210,063
Fujairah 16,655 43,753 76,180 125,698
Total557,8871,379,3032,411,0414,106,4277,512,000 (UN)[19]
8,190,000 (NBS)[20]

Population pyramid data

UAE Census (05/12/2005)
Age group Male Female Total %
Total 2 806 141 1 300 286 4 106 427 100
0-4 145 601 136 538 282 139 6.87
5-9 139 929 129 453 269 382 6.56
10-14 130 778 118 279 249 057 6.07
15-19 121 388 110 838 232 226 5.66
20-24 272 036 161 530 433 566 10.56
25-29 483 657 178 137 661 794 16.12
30-34 489 879 150 482 640 361 15.59
35-39 386 762 113 844 500 606 12.19
40-44 262 718 78 543 341 261 8.31
45-49 174 459 51 311 225 770 5.50
50-54 107 339 31 539 138 878 3.38
55-59 51 303 15 804 67 107 1.63
60-64 18 820 8 527 27 347 0.67
65-69 9 172 5 285 14 457 0.35
70-74 5 391 4 013 9 404 0.23
75-79 2 440 1 837 4 277 0.10
80-84 1 537 1 439 2 976 0.07
85+ 1 250 1 165 2 415 0.06
unknown 1 682 1 722 3 404 0.08
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0-14 416 308 384 270 800 578 19.50
15-64 2 366 679 898 833 3 265 512 79.52
65+ 21 472 15 461 36 933 0.90
[21]

Education and employment

The United Arab Emirates government have always focused on increasing the quality of education, allowing female access to higher education and attaching importance to their achievements. Currently, there are more women (58%) in higher education than men. However, the unemployment rate for women is more than five times higher than it is for men. The most popular program is business which has the highest number of graduates, and the most second popular program is humanities and social science.[7] The UAE relies on migrant workers, and currently they make up a majority of the population and will continue to increase and will consist of 88.2 percent of the population in 2030.[22]

Vital statistics

UN prospects

Period Live births per year Deaths per year Natural change per year CBR CDR NC TFR IMR
1950–19554,0002,0002,00049.420.828.66.97175
1955–19604,0002,0003,00049.318.031.36.97156
1960–19655,0002,0004,00046.313.233.26.87120
1965–19708,0002,0006,00041.28.732.56.7777
1970–197512,0002,00010,00032.66.426.26.3651
1975–198023,0004,00019,00029.14.624.55.6636
1980–198536,0004,00032,00030.53.726.85.2325
1985–199045,0005,00040,00028.43.125.44.8317
1990–199548,0005,00042,00023.02.520.43.8812
1995–200049,0006,00043,00018.12.116.02.9710
2000–200557,0006,00051,00016.21.714.42.388
2005–201081,0008,00073,00014.01.412.61.867
CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)

Source: United National World Population Prospects[19]

Births and deaths

Year Population Live births Deaths Natural increase Crude birth rate Crude death rate Rate of natural increase TFR
1976 646,900 21,394 33.1
1977 748,100 23,119 30.9
1978 852,200 27,645 32.4
1979 952,000 31,685 33.3
1980 1,042,000 34,774 33.4
1981 1,121,000 38,547 34.4
1982 1,190,000 41,961 35.3
1983 1,253,000 43,419 34.7
1984 1,318,000 43,704 33.2
1985 1,391,000 44,192 31.8
1986 1,472,000 45,460 3,222 42,238 30.9 2.2 28.7
1987 1,561,000 47,703 3,231 44,472 30.6 2.1 28.5
1988 1,656,000 50,836 3,447 47,389 30.7 2.1 28.6
1989 1,756,000 51,903 3,640 48,263 29.6 2.1 27.5
1990 1,860,000 52,264 3,938 48,326 28.1 2.1 26.0
1991 1,970,000 49,496 4,026 45,470 25.4 2.0 23.4
1992 2,087,000 50,604 4,271 46,333 24.2 2.0 22.2
1993 2,207,000 50,197 4,342 45,855 22.7 2.0 20.7
1994 2,329,000 52,440 4,584 47,856 22.5 2.0 20.5
1995 2,449,000 48,567 4,779 43,788 19.8 2.0 17.8
1996 2,571,000 47,050 4,785 42,265 18.3 1.9 16.4
1997 2,700,000 46,360 4,878 41,482 17.2 1.8 15.4
1998 2,838,000 48,136 5,033 43,103 17.0 1.8 15.2
1999 2,988,000 49,659 5,194 44,465 16.6 1.7 14.9
2000 3,155,000 53,686 5,396 48,290 17.0 1.7 15.3
2001 3,326,000 56,136 5,777 50,359 16.9 1.7 15.2
2002 3,507,000 58,070 5,994 52,075 16.6 1.7 14.9
2003 3,742,000 61,165 6,002 55,163 16.3 1.6 14.7
2004 4,088,000 63,113 6,123 56,990 15.4 1.5 13.9
2005 4,580,000 64,623 6,361 58,262 14.1 1.4 12.7
2006 5,242,000 62,960 6,483 56,477 12.0 1.2 10.8
2007 6,044,000 67,677 7,414 60,263 11.2 1.2 10.0
2008 6,894,000 68,779 7,755 61,024 9.9 1.1 8.8
2009 7,666,000 76,366 7,789 68,577 10.0 1.0 9.0
2010 8,271,000 79,625 7,414 72,211 9.6 0.9 8.7
2011 8,672,000 83,950 7,350 76,600 9.7 0.8 8.9
2012 8,900,000 89,578 7,702 81,876 10.1 0.9 9.2
2013 9,006,000 93,539 8,015 88,524 10.4 0.9 9.5
2014 9,071,000 95,860 8,265 87,595 10.6 0.9 9.7
2015 9,154,000 97,328 8,755 88,573 10.6 1.0 9.6
2016 9,121,200 98,299 8,988 89,311 10.8 1.0 9.8
2017 9,304,277 97,738 8,826 88,912 10.5 0.9 9.6
2018 9,366,828 95,309 8,794 86,515 10.2 0.9 9.3
2019 9,503,738 94,697 9,006 85,691 10.0 1.0 9.0
2020 9,282,410 97,572 10,357 87,215 10.5 1.1 9.4
2021 92,777 11,911 80,866 9.7 1.2 8.5

[23][24]

Life expectancy

Life expectancy at birth in the United Arab Emirates
Period Life expectancy in
Years		 Period Life expectancy in
Years
1950–1955 43.9 1985–1990 70.7
1955–1960 49.6 1990–1995 72.2
1960–1965 54.7 1995–2000 73.6
1965–1970 59.6 2000–2005 74.8
1970–1975 63.4 2005–2010 75.9
1975–1980 66.4 2010–2015 76.7
1980–1985 68.8 2019 78[25]

Source: UN World Population Prospects[26]

Ethnicity of UAE immigrants

The UAE National Bureau of Statistics does not publish demographic data in relation to any nationality. The figures listed in the table below are estimates provided by each country's embassy.[27]

Source: United Arab Emirates Population Statistics[28]

Estimate of the ethnicity of the population in UAE

  Indians (27.49%)
  Pakistani (12.69%)
  Emiratis (11.48%)
  Bangladeshi (7.40%)
  Filipinos (5.56%)
  Iranians (4.76%)
  Egyptians (4.23%)
  Nepalese/Sri Lankan (3.17%)
  Chinese (2.11%)
  Others (38.55%)
Nationals ofPopulation % of total populationYear of data
 India2,770,00027.49%2022
 Pakistan1,280,00012.69%2022
 UAE1,160,00011.48%2022
 Bangladesh750,0007.40%2022
 Philippines560,0005.56%2022
 Iran*480,0004.76%2022
 Egypt*430,0004.23%2022
   Nepal320,0003.17%2022
 Sri Lanka320,0003.17%2022
 Syria224,1182.21%2022
 United Kingdom250,0002.61%2015
 China210,0002.11%2022
 Jordan200,0002.09%2015
 Afghanistan150,0001.57%<2011
 Palestine150,0001.57%2009
 European Union107,0001.09%2015
 South Africa100,0001.04%2014
 Lebanon*100,0001.04%2015
 Ethiopia90,0000.94%2014
 Yemen90,0000.94%2013
 Indonesia85,0000.89%2015
 Sudan75,0000.78%2013
 Saudi Arabia70,0000.73%2014
 Somalia70,0000.73%2015
 Iraq52,0000.54%2014
 United States50,0000.52%2015
 Russia40,0000.42%2021
 Canada40,0000.42%2014
 Kenya40,0000.42%2014
 Uganda30,0000.32%2018
 France25,0000.26%2015
 Australia16,0000.17%2015
 Germany12,0000.12%2013
 Spain12,0000.11%2015
 Romania10,0000.10%2022
 Algeria10,0000.10%2014
 Italy10,0000.10%2014
 South Korea10,0000.10%2014
 Thailand10,0000.10%2014
 Turkey10,0000.10%2014
 Azerbaijan7,0000.07%2015
 Ireland7,0000.07%2015
 Malaysia6,000 – 7,0000.06% – 0.07%2015
 Colombia5,4660.06%2018[29]
 Kazakhstan5,000 – 6,0000.05% – 0.06%2015
 Greece5,0000.05%2015
 Mauritania5,0000.05%2015
 Netherlands5,0000.05%2015
 Serbia5,0000.05%2015
 Ukraine5,0000.05%2014
 Sweden4,0000.04%2015
 Denmark3,000 – 4,000≈0.03%2015
 Mexico3,000 – 3,500≈0.03%2014
 Belgium3,0000.03%2015
 Eritrea3,0000.03%2015
 Japan2,603≈0.03%2015
 Dominican Republic2,000-3,0000.02% – 0.03%2015
 Austria2,500≈0.03%2015
 Belarus2,500≈0.03%2015
 Hungary2,500≈0.03%2015
  Switzerland2,430≈0.03%2013
 Poland2,348≈0.02%2015
 Singapore>2,000≈0.02%2015
 Bosnia and Herzegovina1,000 – 2,0000.01% – 0.02%2015
 Czech Republic1,500≈0.02%2015
 Venezuela1,200≈0.01%2015
 Norway1,184≈0.01%2015
 Finland1,180≈0.01%2014
 Cyprus1,000≈0.01%2014
 Slovakia1,000≈0.01%2014
 Senegal700 – 800< 0.01%2015
 Ghana500< 0.01%2015
 New Zealand444< 0.01%2015
 Taiwan400< 0.01%2015
 Latvia300< 0.01%2014
 Peru300< 0.01%2015
 Chile270< 0.01%2014
 Albania200 – 300< 0.01%2015
 Chad200< 0.01%2015
 Slovenia100 – 150< 0.01%2015
 Angola100< 0.01%2015
 Zimbabwe1< 0.001%2018
 Nigeria1> 0.001%2020

*The figures for the countries cannot be directly sourced to embassy statements.

Ethnic groups

Languages

A multilingual (Arabic, English, Urdu) signboard in the UAE
Most spoken languages in the UAE (>100k users)[30]
LanguageNumber of speakers (all users)
Gulf Arabic3,480,000
Modern Standard Arabic3,090,000
Malayalam1,060,000
South Levantine Arabic499,000
Tamil455,000
Northern Pashto379,000
Southern Balochi379,000
Hejazi Arabic370,000
Bengali337,000
Tagalog303,000
Omani Arabic303,000
Iranian Persian303,000
Egyptian Arabic284,000
French language250,000
Eastern Punjabi201,000
Southern Pashto144,000
North Levantine Arabic127,000
Sinhala121,000
Sindhi102,000

Although Arabic is the official language, the most used language is English. English is also the main medium of instruction at all levels of schooling.[31]

Emirati people speak Gulf Arabic.[32] The Achomi language (Persian dialect) is also spoken by a 303,000 people in the UAE.[33][34]

Other languages spoken in the UAE, due to immigration, include other Arabic dialects (such as Levantine Arabic), Malayalam (1,060,000 speakers in the UAE[34]), Urdu, Hindi, Marathi, Persian, Cebuano, Pashto (144,000 speakers in the UAE[34]), Kannada, Bengali (337,000 speakers in the UAE[34]), Punjabi (201,000 speakers in the UAE[34]), Odia, Telugu, Baluchi and Southern Baluchi (379,000 speakers in the UAE[34]), Sinhala (121,000 speakers in the UAE[34]), Russian, Ukrainian, Somali, Tagalog (303,000 speakers in the UAE[34]), Nepali, Mandarin, Tamil (455,000 speakers in the UAE[34]), Spanish, Italian and Greek.

In 2019, Abu Dhabi included Hindi as third official court language.[35][36] Currently, the UAE government provides lectures and tests to obtain a driving license in Urdu, Hindi, Malayalam, Tamil and Bengali, besides Arabic and English.[37]

Practiced religions

Religions are represented in the UAE as follows:

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "Population (Total)". World Bank.
  2. ↑ "United Arab Emirates Population (2018)". www.worldometers.info.
  3. ↑ "UAE National Bureau of Statistics" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 October 2013.
  4. ↑ "United Arab Emirates". World Gazetteer.
  5. ↑ "UNDP in United Arab Emirates". UNDP. Archived from the original on 2018-11-24. Retrieved 2018-05-15.
  6. ↑ "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 2018-05-15.
  7. 1 2 Kemp, Linzi J. (2013). "Progress in female education and employment in the United Arab Emirates towards Millennium Development Goal (3): gender equality". Foresight. 15 (4): 264–277. doi:10.1108/fs-02-2012-0007.
  8. ↑ "UAE Population Statistics in 2018 (Infographics) | GMI". Official GMI Blog. Retrieved 2018-05-15.
  9. ↑ SCAD. "SCAD". SCAD. Archived from the original on 2012-09-23. Retrieved 2018-05-15.
  10. ↑ "Publication Details". www.dsc.gov.ae. Retrieved 2018-05-15.
  11. ↑ "Sharjah's population crosses 1.4m, with more than 175,000 Emiratis and 1.2 million expatriates". Gulf News. May 15, 2018.
  12. ↑ "Uae Population 1950-2021". www.macrotrends.net. Retrieved 2021-08-21.
  13. ↑ "Uae Population 1950-2021". www.macrotrends.net. Retrieved 2021-08-20.
  14. ↑ "Population and demographic mix - The Official Portal of the UAE Government". u.ae. Retrieved 2023-03-08.
  15. ↑ "UAE Population Statistics 2022-2023". Digital Gravity. 2022-09-23. Retrieved 2023-03-08.
  16. ↑ "UAE demographics 2021 - StatisticsTimes.com". statisticstimes.com. Retrieved 2023-03-08.
  17. ↑ "United Arab Emirates Population Statistics (2021)". Official GMI Blog. Retrieved 2021-08-23.
  18. ↑ "United Arab Emirates Population 2021 (Demographics, Maps, Graphs)". worldpopulationreview.com. Retrieved 2021-08-23.
  19. 1 2 "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". esa.un.org. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2012-03-22.
  20. ↑ "Population leaps to 8.19 million". UAE Interact. May 30, 2010. Archived from the original on February 12, 2015. Retrieved February 11, 2015.
  21. ↑ "Demographic Yearbook". UN Data. United Nations. Retrieved 4 December 2015.
  22. ↑ "United Arab Emirates in 2030: The Future Demographic" is now available at Fast Market Research. (2013, June 16). UKPRwire. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com/ps/anonymous?id=GALE%7C%5B%5DA334781206
  23. ↑ "United Nations Statistics Division - Demographic and Social Statistics". unstats.un.org.
  24. ↑ "Population". Federal Competitivness and Statistics Authority. Archived from the original on 12 April 2021. Retrieved 7 March 2020.
  25. ↑ "Geoba.se: Gazetteer - the World - Life Expectancy - Top 100+ by Country (2021)".
  26. ↑ "World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations". Archived from the original on 2016-09-19. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
  27. ↑ Snoj, Jure (April 12, 2015). "UAE´s population - by nationality". bq Magazine. Archived from the original on March 21, 2017. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
  28. ↑ "World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations". Retrieved 2022-03-18.
  29. ↑ "Elecciones Presidencia de la República".
  30. ↑ United Arab Emirates, Ethnologue
  31. ↑ Hopkyns, Sarah (2020-11-29), "Multilingualism and linguistic hybridity in Dubai", Multilingual Global Cities, Routledge, pp. 248–264, doi:10.4324/9780429463860-17, ISBN 9780429463860, S2CID 228826552, retrieved 2022-11-06
  32. ↑ Christensen, Shane (2010). Frommer's Dubai. John Wiley & Sons. p. 174. ISBN 978-0470711781.
  33. ↑ "Lari language".
  34. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 United Arab Emirates, on Ethnologue
  35. ↑ Abu Dhabi includes Hindi as third official court language
  36. ↑ UAE introduces Hindi as third official language
  37. ↑ Not about numbers: Why Abu Dhabi labour court chose Hindi over Malayalam
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