Communal Abattoir
Abatorul Comunal
General information
Architectural styleSecession
LocationTimișoara, Romania
Coordinates45°44′49″N 21°14′39″E / 45.74694°N 21.24417°E / 45.74694; 21.24417
Construction started1904
Completed1905
Closed1992
OwnerGoldale Limited
Grounds48,877 m2
Design and construction
Architect(s)László Székely

The Communal Abattoir (Romanian: Abatorul Comunal) is an industrial building and historical monument[1] in Timișoara, Romania.

History

The abattoir was built between 1904–1905 according to the plans of Hungarian architect László Székely, on a vacant lot located between the Fabric and Elisabetin districts.[2] The complex spread over 11 cadastral jugerums and initially had 11 buildings: for animal housing, slaughterhouses, cold rooms, offices, laboratories, even homes.[3] The city milk factory operated in the premises of the abattoir, and in 1937 a meat canning factory was established, the production of which later ceased.[4] The abattoir reduced its activity after 1990, and in 1992 it was permanently closed. After the numerous demolitions in the years that followed, the central tower, the side halls, the gate and the two statuary groups survived from the abattoir complex.[5]

The land on which the abattoir is located was bought in 2006 by a company from the Țiriac Holdings. It wanted to build a shopping mall on the site of the abattoir, but, due to the real estate crisis of 2008, the investment never materialized. Later, it announced the construction of a mixed-use development with offices, homes, service spaces and hotel spaces, while preserving the existing buildings (declared historical monuments in 2015).[6][7]

Architecture

From an architectural point of view, the most important is the central body, located at the entrance to the premises. Following the model of abattoirs built in Central Europe, the main body has the shape and silhouette of a medieval palace, which accentuates the status of the edifice as a major municipal endowment and illustrates the process of "monumentalization" of the forms specific to public buildings of the era.[8] The facade is made of apparent brick and plastered surfaces,[9] a distinct note being given by the window frames, also made of apparent brick. The roof stands out through the crenellated pediment, in the center of which there is a circle surrounded by a pointed arch and an imposing tower, made of the same apparent brick.[4]

The campanile tower that housed the water reservoir is inspired by the shapes of medieval municipal buildings, but also by similar and contemporary constructions in Central Europe, such as the abattoirs in Budapest and Ostrava.[8] The gate of the abattoir is framed by the statues of the slaughterers and the two houses intended for the staff – one house served as the residence of the director of the abattoir, the second was occupied by offices and laboratories.[2]

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Communal Abattoir, Timișoara.
  1. ↑ "Lista monumentelor istorice din județul Timiș". Direcția Județeană pentru Cultură Timiș.
  2. 1 2 Pantea, Raluca (8 November 2021). "Fostul abator al Timișoarei a ajuns o ruină. Planurile pe hârtie pentru refacerea zonei". Express de Banat.
  3. ↑ "Abatorul, Timișoara". Welcome to Romania.
  4. 1 2 Păun, Liana (16 November 2014). "Clădiri industriale (VI) Cum au ajuns cele mai vestite fabrici bănățene de la economie înfloritoare, la paragină". pressalert.ro.
  5. ↑ Moldovan, Mihai-Claudiu (22 November 2021). "Fostul Abator Comunal". Heritage of Timișoara.
  6. ↑ Marta, Bogdan (12 August 2020). "Țiriac încearcă o nouă investiție la Abatorul din Complexul Studențesc. PUZ-ul intră în dezbatere publică". TION.
  7. ↑ Urzică, Alexandru (17 May 2022). "Ion Țiriac pregătește sute de apartamente în Brașov și Timișoara, unde voia să facă mall-uri. Urmează un turn de 50 de etaje în București. „Românii trebuie să se pregătească pentru vremuri mai grele"". Profit.ro.
  8. 1 2 Brătuleanu, Anca (17–23 May 2012). "Abatorul din Timișoara". Dilema Veche (431).
  9. ↑ Moldovan, Mihai-Claudiu (2022). Art Nouveau în Timișoara: o abordare cronologică (PDF). Bucharest: Patrimonia. p. 36. ISBN 978-606-95194-2-4.
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