Cleome ornithopodioides
bird spiderflower
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Brassicales
Family: Cleomaceae
Genus: Cleome
Species:
C. ornithopodioides
Binomial name
Cleome ornithopodioides

Cleome ornithopodioides or bird spiderflower is the type species of the genus Cleome which is part of the family Cleomaceae or Brassicaceae. The species epithet means "birds-foot like" (ornithopodi + oides).[1][2]

Description

Cleome ornithopodioides is an annual plant growing to a height of .3 m.[3]

Flowers possess both male and female reproductive organs.[3]

Taxonomy

Illustration 1700

The first samples of bird spiderflower to arrive in Europe came from explorations of the area called the Levant and were successfully cultivated by James Sherard in 1732.[4]

Joseph Pitton de Tournefort named the Claude Aubriet illustration of C. ornithopodioides Sinapistrum Orientale in the 1700 Institutiones rei herbariæ.[5] Being named before the 1753 Species plantarum disqualifies the name from being considered to be a synonym.[6]

When Carl Linnaeus first published this species with its current name in his 1753 Species plantarum[7] he referenced descriptions of Sinapistrum Ornithopodiisiliquis found in Johann Christian Buxbaum's herbarium Plantarum minus cognitarum centuria, that was published posthumously by Johann Georg Gmelin in 1728,[8] Johann Jacob Dillenius's 1732 Hortus Ethamensis.[9] a collection whose list was published in 1907 by George Claridge Druce[10] and also the description he wrote of Cleome ornithopodioides in his own Hortus Cliffortianus from 1737[11] and of Sinapestrum orientale triphyllum from his 1748 Hortus Upsaliensis.[12]

In 1754 when Philip Miller described the genus Sinapistrum in The Gardeners Dictionary, he described the species with English words "Three-leav'd Eastern Sinapistrum, with Birds-foot-pods" and called it by the Latin name Sinapistrum Oriental triphyllum as it had been assigned by Tournefort who had described it before him.[13]

Ecology

Native to the area of the eastern Mediterranean,[4] C. ornithopodioides was described in 1865 as living in the wild along with Trifolium stellatum in a fertile valley at the foot of Mount Serbal.[14]

Cultivation

Philip Miller wrote of the ease of cultivation of C. ornithopodioides in his 1754 The Gardeners Dictionary: "...will thrive in open Air; so the Seeds of this may be sown on a Bed of light Earth in April (late Spring), where the Plants are to remain; and will require no other Culture, but to keep them clear from Weeds: in June (early Summer) they will flower, and the Seeds will ripen in August (late Summer); and the Plants will soon after perish."[15]

Notes

  1. ↑ Dictionary of Botanical Epithets, orientalis - ovinus
  2. ↑ Errors of speech and of spelling, page 283
  3. 1 2 Plants For A Future, C. ornithopodioides
  4. 1 2 Hortus Kewensis (1812), page 132
  5. ↑ Institutiones rei herbariæ (1700), page 17
  6. ↑ IAPT, Important dates
  7. ↑ Species plantarum (1753), page 672
  8. ↑ Plantarum minus cognitarum centuria (1740), page 6
  9. ↑ Hortus Ethamensis (1732) p. 359, Tab 266
  10. ↑ The Dillenian Herbraria (1907), page 179
  11. ↑ Hortus Cliffortianus (1737), page 341
  12. ↑ Hortus Upsaliensis (1748) page 194
  13. ↑ The Gardeners Dictionary (1754), page 46
  14. ↑ Linnean Society (1867), page 215
  15. ↑ The Gardeners Dictionary (1754), page 46-47

References

Taxonomy

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.