Chloracidobacterium
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Acidobacteriota
Class: "Acidobacteriia"
Order: Acidobacteriales
Family: Acidobacteriaceae
Genus: "Chloracidobacterium"
Tank and Bryant 2015[1]
Type species
"Chloracidobacterium thermophilum"
Tank and Bryant 2015
Species[2]
  • "C. aggregatum"
  • "C. thermophilum"
  • "C. validum"
Synonyms
  • "Ca. Chloracidobacterium" Bryant et al. 2007[3]

Chloracidobacterium is a genus of the Acidobacteriota.[4] It is currently assigned to the family Acidobacteriaceae, but phylogenetic evidence suggests that it belongs in Blastocatellia.[5]

This is a group of photosynthetic bacteria were discovered in 2007 and their identification extends the number of bacterial phyla that can carry out chlorophyll-based photosynthesis from five to six.[3][6]

"Candidatus Chloracidobacterium thermophilum"

The organism "Candidatus Chloracidobacterium thermophilum" was initially detected through the bioinformatics analyses of metagenomic sequence data from the microbial mats collected from a hot spring in Yellowstone National Park.[7] It was later isolated after the inhibition of Synechococcus species in the microbial mats samples, leading to a co-culture C. thermophilum, Anoxybacillus species, and Meiothermus species. C. thermophilum was plated on Midnight Medium (CTM) media to culture it for pure isolation. Genomic sequencing of the bacterium revealed that it did not contain genes for the enzymes to reduce sulfate, yet it was dependent on a reduced sulfur source. The researchers likely speculated that it shared a mutualistic relationship with the cocultures of Meiothermus species and Anoxybacillus species for access to reduced sulfur sources. In addition, the bacterium was determined to be aerophilic, moderately thermophilic, anoxygenic and photoheterotrophic. Ultimately, they found that it is dependent on a reduced sulfur source, bicarbonate, L-lysine, and vitamin B12 for pre culture isolation.[7]

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)[2] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)[8]

16S rRNA based LTP_01_2022[9][10][11] and Dedysh & Yilmaz 2018[12] 120 marker proteins based GTDB 07-RS207[13][14][15]
Blastocatellia

Order 24

Blastocatellales

Order 14-2

Chloracidobacterium thermophilum {"Chloracidobacteriales": "Chloracidobacteriaceae"}

"C. validum" Saini et al. 2021

"C. aggregatum" Saini et al. 2021

"C. thermophilum" Tank & Bryant 2015

See also

References

  1. ↑ Tank M, Bryant DA. (2015). "Chloracidobacterium thermophilum gen. nov., sp. nov.: An anoxygenic microaerophilic chlorophotoheterotrophic acidobacterium". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 65: 1426–1430. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.000113. PMID 25667398.
  2. 1 2 A.C. Parte; et al. "Chloracidobacterium". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2022-09-09.
  3. 1 2 Bryant DA, Costas AM, Maresca JA, Chew AG, Klatt CG, Bateson MM, et al. (July 2007). ""Candidatus Chloracidobacterium thermophilum": An aerobic phototrophic Acidobacterium". Science. 317 (5837): 523–6. Bibcode:2007Sci...317..523B. doi:10.1126/science.1143236. PMID 17656724. S2CID 20419870.
  4. ↑ See the NCBI webpage on Chloracidobacterium. Data extracted from the "NCBI taxonomy resources". National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 2007-03-19.
  5. ↑ Dedysh SN, Yilmaz P. (2018). "Refining the taxonomic structure of the phylum Acidobacteria". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 68: 3796–3806. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.003062. PMID 30325293.
  6. ↑ Raymond J (February 2008). "Coloring in the tree of life". Trends in Microbiology. 16 (2): 41–3. doi:10.1016/j.tim.2007.11.003. PMID 18182293.
  7. 1 2 Tank M, Bryant DA (2015-03-27). "Nutrient requirements and growth physiology of the photoheterotrophic Acidobacterium, Chloracidobacterium thermophilum". Frontiers in Microbiology. 6: 226. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00226. PMC 4376005. PMID 25870589.
  8. ↑ Sayers; et al. "Chloracidobacterium". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2022-09-09.
  9. ↑ "The LTP". Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  10. ↑ "LTP_all tree in newick format". Archived from the original on 4 September 2022. Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  11. ↑ "LTP_01_2022 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  12. ↑ Dedysh SN, Yilmaz P (2018). "Refining the taxonomic structure of the phylum Acidobacteria". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 68: 3796–3806. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.003062. PMID 30325293.
  13. ↑ "GTDB release 07-RS207". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  14. ↑ "bac120_r207.sp_labels". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  15. ↑ "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
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