César Mange de Hauke

César Mange de Hauke, more often called César M. de Hauke or César de Hauke, (March 8, 1900 – June 15, 1965), was a controversial French art dealer.[1] His name has also been spelled de Haucke and de Hawke.

"Exhibition of paintings, pastels, drawings... by Odilon Redon, november 1928, organized by De Hauke & Co. Inc.", New York, De Hauke & Co. Inc., 1928

Early life

Son of a Franco-Swiss engineer, Francis Mange (1856-1931), director of works for the Panama Canal in the 1890s, and of a mother of Polish origin born in Florence, Marie, Comtesse Hauke (1864-1942 ), César Mange de Hauke was sent very young to an English school, St. Ronan's School [], in Hawkhurst, Kent, from 1911 to 1913.

Later, in order to train himself in art, he attended the Drawing Room of the British Museum, an institution to which he bequeathed, after his death, sixteen pieces from his collection of graphic arts.

Back in France, he got closer to artistic circles, in particular decorators. He was close to Paul Poiret's sister, Nicole Groult. He is interested in the work of Jean Dunand, Pierre-Émile Legrain, André Mare, Maurice Marinot, Jacques-Émile Ruhlmann.

Art dealing partnerships

In 1926 he arrived in the USA worked for Jacques Seligmann & Co., Inc., as a sales representative. Seligmann financed a subsidiary company for him, initially called International Contemporary Art Company, Inc and later changed to Hauke & Co., Inc. Hauke was the director. The company sold mainly in the United States artworks that were acquired in Paris and London.[2] In 1930 De Hauke & Co., Inc., became Modern Paintings, Inc, and in 1931 De Hauke resigned and returned to Paris.[3]

The gallery De Hauke & Co. became known to the American public, through its exhibitions, Pierre Bonnard (1928), Jacques Mauny (1930), Modigliani (1929), Odilon Redon (1928), Ker-Xavier Roussel, Edouard Vuillard, the movement cubist (1930). The works were sometimes acquired in association with other dealers, such as Roland Balaÿ, Étienne Bignou, Paul Brame, Valentine Dudensing, Knoedler, Pierre Matisse, Alex Reid & Lefèvre, etc.

C. M. de Hauke, "Seurat et son œuvre", Paris, Gründ, 1961

In 1941 de Hauke established a partnership with Paul Brame.[4]

Nazi-looted art

De Hauke's name appears among the dealers reported by the OSS Art Looting Investigation Unit in 1946 for suspected involvement in Nazi-looted art.[5][6][7][8]

De Hauke's name appears in several artworks with provenance gaps between 1933-1945, including in the UK Collections Trust Spoliation Reports.[9] The name of his partner, Paul Brame appears in the French MNR[10] as well as other provenance research projects.

According to Harvard Magazine, Hubertus Czernin, writing in the Viennese newspaper Der Standard of February 28, described him as a "collaborator of art plunderers."[11]

Investigated after the war, de Hauke was placed on a list of persons to be barred from entry to the United States.[12] However a misspelling of his name enabled him to obtain the necessary papers.[13]

Postwar activity

According to art historian Jonathan Petropoulos, de Hauke was friends with the Monuments Man officer Tom Howe and maintained a warm correspondence with him after World War II.[14]

De Hauke was the author of the complete catalogue of Georges Seurat, published in 1961.[15][16] He gave his collection of French drawings to the British Museum.[17]

Family

Mange de Hauke had a younger brother, Roland (born in 1902), father of Marie-Claude Irène Mange Erskine and Ariane Mange Peeters, heirs to their uncle.

  • Paul-André Lemoisne, Degas et son œuvre, Paris : Arts et Métiers graphiques, "Les artistes et leurs œuvres", 1949, 4 vol.
  • César M. de Hauke, Seurat et son œuvre, Paris : Gründ, "Les artistes et leurs œuvres", 1961, 2 vol.
  • Madeleine Grillaert Dortu, Toulouse-Lautrec et son œuvre, New York : Collectors éd., "Les artistes et leurs œuvres", 1971, 6 vol.

Bibliography

- Maurice Marinot - Penser en verre (catalogue de l'exposition au musée d'Art moderne de Troyes du au 9/07/ au 31/10/2010 - Somogy, 2010)

See also

Notes et references

  1. ↑ "Historical Note | A Finding Aid to the Jacques Seligmann & Co. records, 1904-1978, bulk 1913-1974 | Digitized Collection". www.aaa.si.edu. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  2. ↑ "Historical Note | A Finding Aid to the Jacques Seligmann & Co. records, 1904-1978, bulk 1913-1974 | Digitized Collection". www.aaa.si.edu. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  3. ↑ "Series 10 | A Finding Aid to the Jacques Seligmann & Co. records, 1904-1978, bulk 1913-1974 | Digitized Collection | Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution". www.aaa.si.edu. Retrieved 2023-11-12.
  4. ↑ "AGORHA : Bases de données de l'Institut national d'histoire de l'art (INHA)". agorha.inha.fr. Archived from the original on 2021-04-01. Retrieved 2021-04-01. Revenu à Paris en 1941, De Hauke s'y établit comme marchand en chambre, en association avec Paul Brame (1898-1971). Il meurt lors d'une vente, le 15 juin 1965, au moment où le commissaire-priseur lui adjugeait "Femme au parasol" de Claude Monet.
  5. ↑ "Art Looting Intelligence Unit (ALIU) Reports 1945-1946 and ALIU Red Flag Names List and Index". www.lootedart.com. Archived from the original on 2008-05-16. Retrieved 2021-04-01. de Haucke, Cesar Monge. Paris, 14 rue du Cherche-Midi. Dealer active in Paris and New York before the war. Active in Paris during the occupation; in contact with Wuester, Haberstock and Hofer; documentary evidence in Unit files.
  6. ↑ "Looted Art Bibliographies: Looted Art Bibliography". www.lootedart.com. Retrieved 2021-04-01. 327. Robinson, Walter V. and Maureen Goggin. "A network of profiteers". Boston Globe(November 9, 1997): A1. Note: This list of Nazi-collaborating art dealers with the highlights of their activities includes: Karl Haberstock, Cesar Mange De Hauke, Georges Wildenstein, Hans Wendland and Alexander Ball. Filed in Library at R13. Online:http://www.boston.com/globe/nation/packages/paintings/profiteers.htm.
  7. ↑ "Artwork may be Nazi war loot - News - southcoasttoday.com - New Bedford, MA". webcache.googleusercontent.com. Archived from the original on 2016-10-20. Retrieved 2021-04-01. The museum also accepted the donation of Edgar Degas' "Singer with Glove" as part of the collection of Maurice Wertheim, a Harvard alumnus. Wertheim himself had questioned the provenance of the pastel when he bought it in 1949 for $38,500. Wertheim, one-time owner of The Nation magazine and chairman of the American Jewish Committee during the war, bought the painting from dealer Cesar Mange de Hauke, even though de Hauke refused to sign a statement saying he had the authority to sell it. State Department records from 1949 said de Hauke "knowingly handled looted art in his deals with the Germans."
  8. ↑ "In an attempt to find works of art that may have been stolen by the Nazis ten British museums have named 350 works of art whose history between 1933 and 1945 is uncertain". www.theartnewspaper.com. Archived from the original on 2020-09-27. Retrieved 2021-04-01. ase histories o Van Gogh, "La Crau from Montmajour" (1888), British Museum. Bequeathed by César Mange de Hauke in 1968. Mange de Hauke had purchased the Van Gogh by 1948 through the London dealer Matthiesen (who had been based in Berlin before the war). In 1945 the drawing was in a Basle exhibition on loan from a private collector in Lausanne/Ascona, and this may well refer to Matthiesen's wife, who had a house in Ascona. Before that the Van Gogh was with A. von Hoboken in Vienna, of whom nothing is known. The 1946 US government list of art dealers who collaborated with the Nazis lists both Matthiesen and Mange de Hauke. Matthiesen's Berlin gallery was "run by Heinz Mansfeld and Margarethe Noble, identified as the owner of the Goudstikker Collection." Mange de Hauke was "active in Paris during the occupation; in contact with Wuester, Haberstock and Hofer, documentary evidence in Unit files."
  9. ↑ "Search Results for "Hauke" – Collections Trust". records.collectionstrust.org.uk. Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  10. ↑ "Edgar Degas, MNR 226 : l'histoire d'un tableau". Le Monde.fr. 2021-04-02. Archived from the original on 2021-04-02. Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  11. ↑ "John Harvard's Journal - The Art of Ownership". harvardmagazine.com. Archived from the original on 2021-04-01. Retrieved 2021-04-01. The legitimacy of Wertheim's title to Degas' Singer with a Glove is "difficult to parse," says Kianovsky. "We haven't gotten very far on it." The pastel drawing was sold to Wertheim in 1949 for $38,500 by French dealer César Mange de Hauke. The Globe article portrayed de Hauke as a man who knowingly handled looted art, and Hubertus Czernin, writing in the Viennese newspaper Der Standard of February 28, described him as a collaborator of art plunderers. "In a long career, de Hauke appears to have done some things he shouldn't have," Kianovsky says, "but there is no evidence that he did in this instance." Before de Hauke had it, the Degas pastel had been owned by Camille Groult and then by a Dr. Heer of Zurich. Kianovsky is trying to learn more about them, information she thinks may be critical when judging whether de Hauke had a legal right to sell this picture to Wertheim.
  12. ↑ "Page 81 Roberts Commission - Protection of Historical Monuments". Fold3. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  13. ↑ "Page 15 Roberts Commission - Protection of Historical Monuments". Fold3. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  14. ↑ Petropoulos, Jonathan (26 January 2021). Göring's man in Paris : the story of a Nazi art plunderer and his world. ISBN 978-0-300-25621-5. OCLC 1226062084.
  15. ↑ "Collections Online | British Museum". www.britishmuseum.org. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  16. ↑ Georges., Hauke, C. M. de. Seurat (1961). Seurat et son oeuvre. Gründ. OCLC 62062946.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  17. ↑ "Provenance". www.nga.gov. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
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