Black tetra
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Characiformes
Family: Characidae
Genus: Gymnocorymbus
Species:
G. ternetzi
Binomial name
Gymnocorymbus ternetzi
(Boulenger, 1895)

The black tetra (Gymnocorymbus ternetzi), also known as the black skirt tetra, petticoat tetra, high-fin black skirt tetra, black widow tetra and blackamoor, is a freshwater fish of the characin family (Characidae).

It is native to the Paraguay River basin of south-central Brazil (mainly Pantanal region), Paraguay and northeast Argentina, but there are also populations in the upper Paraná and Paraíba do Sul Rivers that likely were introduced.[1] It was formerly reported from the Guapore River, but this population is part of G. flaviolimai, which is found throughout the Madeira River basin and was described in 2015.[1] The black tetra is often kept in aquariums.[2]

Growing up to 7.5 cm (3.0 in) in length,[3] the black tetra has a roughly tetragonal body shape and is greyish in colour, fading from near black at the tail to light at the nose. Two prominent, black, vertical bars appear just posterior to the gills.[1] It is easily distinguished from all of its congeners by the presence of a dense field of dark chromatophores spread homogeneously over the posterior one half of the body unlike the lack of such pigmentation in all congeners.[4]

The black widow tetra is a schooling fish that feeds on small crustaceans, insects, and worms.[3]

In the aquarium

Black tetras of the leucistic aquarium variant

The black skirt tetra is a common fish that is widely available for purchase.

Hobbyists often provide live foods such as Daphnia and mosquito larvae, and frozen foods like bloodworms.

In a home aquarium

The species reaches sexual maturity at about two years of age. Like most characins, this species spawns by intermittently releasing and fertilizing eggs among plants. It frequently eats its own eggs, so keepers remove the fish after spawning.

The lifespan in captivity is 3 to 5 years.

The black tetra was also used to make genetically modified fish sold as GloFish (fluorescent colored fish).

Similar names

The black phantom tetra (Hyphessobrycon megalopterus) is a separate species. The black neon tetra (Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi) is sometimes also called the black tetra.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 Benine, R.C., Melo, B.F., Castro, R.M.C. & Oliveira, C. (2015): Taxonomic revision and molecular phylogeny of Gymnocorymbus Eigenmann, 1908 (Teleostei, Characiformes, Characidae). Zootaxa, 3956 (1): 1-28.
  2. ↑ Innes, W. T. Exotic Aquarium Fishes. T.H.F. Publications, Inc. 1979.
  3. 1 2 Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2017). "Gymnocorymbus ternetzi" in FishBase. January 2017 version.
  4. ↑ Benine, Ricardo C.; Melo, Bruno F.; Castro, Ricardo M. C.; Oliveira, Claudio (2015). "Taxonomic revision and molecular phylogeny of Gymnocorymbus Eigenmann, 1908 (Teleostei, Characiformes, Characidae)". Zootaxa. 3956 (1): 1–28. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3956.1.1. PMID 26248902 – via ResearchGate.
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