Bengal Sultanate–Kamata Kingdom War
Date1498[1]
Location
North Bengal and Western Assam
Result

Bengal Sultanate victory

  • Overthrow of the Khen dynasty
  • Kamata occupied by Bengal Sultanate for a few years in the early 16th century
Belligerents
Bengal Sultanate Kamata Kingdom
Commanders and leaders
Hussain Shah
Shah Ismail Ghazi
Shahzada Danyal
Musundar Ghazi		 Nilambar
Strength
24000 20000 - 25000
Casualties and losses

400 killed

1700 wounded

15000 killed

4000 several captured
Bengal Sultanate take over the khen Dynasty

The Bengal Sultanate–Kamata Kingdom War was a late 15th century conflict between the Kamata Kingdom and the Bengal Sultanate.[2] As a result of the conflict the Khen dynasty was overthrown and the Bengal Sultanate extended its domain up to the Hajo in what is present day western Assam by 1502. Nevertheless, the Sultanate administration was removed in about ten years by the Assamese Bhuyans led by Harup Narayan.[3]

Invasion

The conquest was instigated by Sachipatra, a Brahmin whose son was executed by King Nilambar for his promiscuity with the queen.[4] In 1498, Sultan Alauddin Husain Shah responded to Sachipatra's plea, and dispatched military general Shah Ismail Ghazi with 24,000 soldiers, cavalry and a war flotilla to conquer Kamata.[5] Ghazi's forces besieged the Kamatapur fort and destroyed the city. Hussain Shah imprisoned Nilambar of Kamata and ended the reign of the Khen dynasty.[6] Though Kamatapur fell in 1498, Hussain Shah was able to annex up to Hajo not before 1502.[7][8]

Aftermath

The region was brought under the administration of Sultanate governors in Hajo. Hussain Shah minted coins with the proclamation "conqueror of Kāmrū, Kamata, Jajnagar and Urisa".[9][10] He also publicly inscribed the victory at a stone in Malda.[11] The Sultan appointed his son, Shahzada Danyal,[12] as the governor of the newly conquered region; that reached up to Hajo and intended to expand to Central Assam. Daniyal later fell to the Assamese Bhuyans within Hussein Shah's lifetime and his rule ended.

Notes

  1. ↑ "Kamata-Kamatapura - Banglapedia".
  2. ↑ Manilal Bose (1989). Social History of Assam: Being a Study of the Origins of Ethnic Identity and Social Tension During the British Period, 1905-1947. Concept Publishing Company. p. 38. ISBN 978-81-7022-224-8.
  3. ↑ "But the rule of the Muslims was short. The Bhuyans made a united attack on Daniel's garrison and destroyed it to the last man."(Baruah 1986:181)
  4. ↑ Nath, D. (1989). History of the Koch Kingdom, C. 1515-1615. Delhi: Mittal Publications. p. 70. ISBN 8170991099.
  5. ↑ Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2006). The Delhi Sultanate, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, pp.215-20
  6. ↑ Sarkar (1992, p. 46)
  7. ↑ "Husain Shah - Banglapedia".
  8. ↑ "The annexation of the Khen Kingdom up to Hajo was, however, not completed before Ramzan 907/10 March 1502..." (Sarkar 1992:47)
  9. ↑ Sircar, D. C. (2008). Studies in Indian Coins. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. p. 21. ISBN 978-81-208-2973-2. Alāuddin Husen Shah (1493-1518 A.D.), described himself as the conqueror of Kamru (i.e Kamarupa) and Kamta and of Urisa (Orissa) and Jajanagar on his issues
  10. ↑ Sirajul Islam; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir, eds. (2012). "Kamata-Kamatapura". Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN 984-32-0576-6. OCLC 52727562. OL 30677644M. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  11. ↑ Sircar, D. C. (2008). Studies in Indian Coins. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. ISBN 978-81-208-2973-2.
  12. ↑ Desai, Ziyaud-Din A. (2003). Purā-prakāśa: Recent Researches in Epigraphy, Numismatics, Manuscriptology, Persian Literature, Art, Architecture, Archaeology, History and Conservation : Dr. Z.A. Desai Commemoration Volume. Bharatiya Kala Prakashan. p. 244. ISBN 978-81-8090-007-5.

References

  • Baruah, S L (1986), A Comprehensive History of Assam, New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
  • Sarkar, J. N. (1992), "Chapter II The Turko-Afghan Invasions", in Barpujari, H. K. (ed.), The Comprehensive History of Assam, vol. 2, Guwahati: Assam Publication Board, pp. 35–48
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