BUKO Pharma-Kampagne is an independent organization based in Bielefeld, Germany, which watches over the marketing practices of German pharmaceutical companies.

It has gained wider recognition after being described in a bestselling novel, The Constant Gardener by John le Carré. BUKO was mentioned explicitly in the author's afterword as a real counterpart to the novel's fictitious Hippo organisation (also based in Bielefeld, Germany).

BUKO is partially financed by the European Union and mostly by private supporters.

In early 1981 following a conference in Geneva, co-sponsored by the International Organization of Consumers Unions and by BUKO, it set up Health Action International.[1][2][3]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Reich, Michael R. (1987). "Essential drugs: economics and politics in international health". Health Policy. 8 (1): 39–57. doi:10.1016/0168-8510(87)90129-1.
  2. ↑ Fazal, Anwar (1983). "The right pharmaceuticals at the right prices: Consumer perspectives". World Development. 11 (3): 265–269. doi:10.1016/0305-750X(83)90035-9. ISSN 0305-750X.
  3. ↑ Laing R, Waning B, Gray A, Ford N, 't Hoen E (2003). "25 years of the WHO essential medicines lists: progress and challenges". Lancet. 361 (9370): 1723–9. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13375-2. hdl:10144/28005. PMID 12767751. S2CID 12172286.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)


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