Arnulf[1] (died 1003) was the bishop of Orléans from 970 until his death.[2] He is known for his feud with Abbo of Fleury, and his denunciation of the papacy.

Arnulf was the nephew of Ermentheus, the previous bishop, succeeding to the see on his death in 970. He was known as a strong supporter of Hugh Capet, who took over as ruler of West Francia.[3] Abbo, who became abbot of Fleury in 988, offended Arnulf by his vigorous advocacy of the rights of monasteries.[4] Their power struggle is documented from Abbo's side in his works.[5] Arnulf's only surviving work, De cartillagine (On cartilage), is a response to Abbo's Apologeticus and was written in the aftermath of a riot that broke up the council of Saint-Denis in 993.[6]

At the Synod of Saint-Basle de Verzy in 991 Arnulf resisted papal interference, with very aggressive rhetoric.[7] His speech there, O lugenda Roma, was passed down in a text composed by Gerbert d'Aurillac, who became Pope Sylvester II at the end of the decade.[8] Gerbert's version took remarks by Arnulf, and put them into connected form. It also emphasised the attack on the pope of the time, John XV, over the destructive remarks about the institution of the papacy.[9] The business of the meeting was to deal with Arnulf, Archbishop of Reims, as a rebel, part of the aftermath of Hugh Capet's assumption of power from the Carolingians.[10] The speech attributed to Arnulf as prolocutor, and in particular his characterisation of the Pope as Antichrist, was quoted subsequently, for example, by the Magdeburg Centuriators[11] and by James I of England.[12]

Notes

  1. ↑ Also Arnulph, Arnoul, Arnold, Arnulphus, Arnulphius
  2. ↑ Thomas Head (2005). Hagiography and the Cult of Saints: The Diocese of Orléans, 800–1200. Cambridge University Press. p. 215 note 59. ISBN 978-0-521-02342-9.
  3. ↑ Elizabeth Dachowski (2008). First Among Abbots: The Career of Abbo of Fleury. CUA Press. p. 73. ISBN 978-0-8132-1510-5.
  4. ↑ Jana K. Schulman (2002). The Rise of the Medieval World, 500-1300: A Biographical Dictionary. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-313-30817-8.
  5. ↑ Anna Trumbore Jones (2009). Noble Lord, Good Shepherd: Episcopal Power and Piety in Aquitaine, 877-1050. Brill. p. 107. ISBN 978-90-04-17786-4.
  6. ↑ Justin Lake, "Arnulf of Orléans and the De Cartillagine", The Journal of Medieval Latin 31 (2021): 79–105. doi:10.1484/J.JML.5.123660
  7. ↑ Klaus Schatz (1996). Papal Primacy: From Its Origins to the Present. Liturgical Press. p. 71. ISBN 978-0-8146-5522-1.
  8. ↑ J. Van Herwaarden (2003). Between Saint James and Erasmus: Studies in Late-Medieval Religious Life: Devotions and Pilgrimages in the Netherlands. Brill. p. 232. ISBN 978-90-04-12984-9.
  9. ↑ Elizabeth Dachowski (2008). First Among Abbots: The Career of Abbo of Fleury. CUA Press. p. 114. ISBN 978-0-8132-1510-5.
  10. ↑ John Bagnell Bury. The Cambridge Medieval History volumes 1–5. Plantagenet Publishing. p. 969. GGKEY:G636GD76LW7.
  11. ↑ Edward Bickersteth (1844). A practical guide to the Prophecies, with reference to their interpretation and fulfilment, and to personal edification. Seeley, Burnside, and Seeley. p. 179 note.
  12. ↑ James VI and I (2002). The Political Works of James I. The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd. p. 194. ISBN 978-1-58477-222-4.
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