Aplectrum
Aplectrum hyemale

Secure  (NatureServe)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Tribe: Epidendreae
Subtribe: Calypsoinae
Genus: Aplectrum
(Nutt.) Torr.
Species:
A. hyemale
Binomial name
Aplectrum hyemale
State-level distribution of Aplectrum hyemale in the United States
Synonyms[1]
List
  • Cymbidium hyemale Muhl. ex Willd.
  • Epidendrum hyemale (Muhl. ex Willd.) Poir. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck
  • Corallorhiza hyemalis (Muhl. ex Willd.) Nutt.
  • Aplectra elatior Raf.
  • Aplectrum spicatum Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.
  • Aplectrum shortii Rydb. in N.L.Britton
  • Aplectrum spicatum var. pallidum House
  • Aplectrum hyemale var. pallidum (House) Barnhart
  • Aplectrum hyemale f. pallidum (House) House

Aplectrum hyemale is a species of orchid native to the eastern United States and Canada, from Oklahoma east to the Carolinas and north to Minnesota, Ontario, Quebec and Massachusetts.[1] It is particularly common in the Appalachian Mountains, the Great Lakes Region, and the Ohio and Upper Mississippi Valleys. Isolated populations are also reported from Arizona.[2]

Aplectrum hyemale is the sole species of the genus Aplectrum. The generic name comes from Greek and signifies "spurless". The species is commonly referred to as Adam and Eve or putty root; the latter refers to the mucilaginous fluid which can be removed from the tubers when they are crushed.

Aplectrum hyemale spreads underground through the growth of its tubers, forming large colonies. The leaves appear in late November and persist until March. They are uniquely pin-striped, with parallel alternating silvery-white and green stripes. In late May or early June the flower stalk emerges carrying several flowers, each only a few millimeters across.[3] It is sometimes confused with Tipularia discolor, another orchid species that occurs in eastern North America.[4][5]

There exists a color variation, Aplectrum hyemale var. pallidum which differs in flower color.[6]

References

  1. 1 2 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ↑ Biota of North America Program
  3. ↑ Flora of North America v 26 p 632, Aplectrum hyemale (Muhlenburg ex Willdenow) Nuttall, Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 198. 1818.
  4. ↑ "Aplectrum hyemale (Putty Root), Similar Species". iNaturalist.org. Retrieved 18 December 2018.
  5. ↑ Flora of North America v 26 p 624, Tipularia discolor (Pursh) Nuttall, Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 195. 1818.
  6. ↑ Richburg, Julie. "Aplectrum hyemale" (PDF). Native Plant Trust. New England Wild Flower Society. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
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