Broad-leaved apple
Angophora subvelutina near Tenterfield, New South Wales
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Angophora
Species:
A. subvelutina
Binomial name
Angophora subvelutina
Occurrence data from AVH
Synonyms[1]
Flower buds and flowers

Angophora subvelutina, commonly known as the broad-leaved apple,[2] is a species of tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has rough bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped to egg-shaped or elliptical adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three or seven, white or creamy white flowers and ribbed, cup-shaped fruit.

Description

Angophora subvelutina is a tree that typically grows to a height of 17–25 m (56–82 ft) and forms a lignotuber. It has rough, fibrous or flaky, greyish bark on the trunk and branches. Young plants and coppice regrowth have sessile, egg-shaped to elliptical or lance-shaped leaves that are 50–110 mm (2.0–4.3 in) long and 25–50 mm (0.98–1.97 in) wide arranged in opposite pairs with a stem-clasping base. Adult leaves are also arranged in opposite pairs, paler on the lower surface, lance-shaped to egg-shaped or elliptical, 60–120 mm (2.4–4.7 in) long and 20–50 mm (0.79–1.97 in) wide with a stem-clasping base. The flower buds are arranged on the ends of branchlets on a branched peduncle 9–30 mm (0.35–1.18 in) long, each branch of the peduncle with three or seven buds on pedicels 4–10 mm (0.16–0.39 in) long. Mature buds are globe-shaped, 4–6 mm (0.16–0.24 in) long and wide with a ribbed floral cup. The petals are white or creamy white with a green keel, about 3 mm (0.12 in) long and 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) wide. Flowering occurs from November to January and the fruit is a cup-shaped capsule 8–11 mm (0.31–0.43 in) long and 6–11 mm (0.24–0.43 in) wide with ribbed sides and the valves enclosed in the fruit.[2][3][4][5]

Taxonomy and naming

Angophora subvelutina was first formally described in 1858 by Ferdinand von Mueller in his book Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae.[6] The specific epithet subvelutina is from Latin, and it translates to "almost velvety".[7]

Distribution and habitat

Broad-leaved apple grows in open forest in alluvial soil and gravelly clay. It is found mainly in near-coastal areas from near Bundaberg in Queensland and south to near Taree and disjunctly to near Araluen in New South Wales.

Uses

The 1889 book 'The Useful Native Plants of Australia’ records that "The Rev. Dr. Wolls states that these 'apple trees' are sometimes cut down to keep cattle alive in dry seasons, as the leaves are relished by them."[8]

References

  1. 1 2 "Angophora subvelutina". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 10 March 2020.
  2. 1 2 Chippendale, George M. "Angophora subvelutina". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment, Canberra. Retrieved 10 March 2020.
  3. ↑ "Angophora subvelutina". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
  4. ↑ Hill, Ken. "Angophora subvelutina". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 10 March 2020.
  5. ↑ von Mueller, Ferdinand (1858). Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae. Melbourne: Victorian Government Printer. p. 31. Retrieved 10 March 2020.
  6. ↑ "Angophora subvelutina". APNI. Retrieved 10 March 2020.
  7. ↑ Les Robinson - Field Guide to the Native Plants of Sydney, ISBN 978-0-7318-1211-0 page 24
  8. ↑ J. H. Maiden (1889). The useful native plants of Australia : Including Tasmania. Turner and Henderson, Sydney.
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