Alice Maude Sorabji, from an 1896 publication.

Alice Maude Sorabji Pennell OBE (July 17, 1874 – March 7, 1951) was an Indian physician and writer. She was the daughter and wife of Christian missionaries, and the first woman in India to earn a bachelor of science degree.

Early life

Alice Maude Sorabji was born at Belgaum, the youngest daughter of Francina Sorabji and Reverend Sorabji Karsedji. Her mother was an educator and a Christian convert from Hinduism of tribal extraction;[1] her father was a Parsi Christian missionary. Her sisters included lawyer Cornelia Sorabji and educator Susie Sorabji.[2]

Alice Sorabji attended her family's Victoria High School in Poona, and earned a bachelor of science degree at Wilson College in Bombay, the first woman to earn that degree in India.[3][4] She was trained as a physician in London, with her older sister Cornelia's encouragement and efforts,[5] completing her studies in 1905.[2]

Career

Alice Sorabji worked at the Zenana Hospital in Bahawalpur. For her work at the Pennell Hospital at Bannu (in present-day Pakistan), she was awarded the Kaisar-i-Hind Medal in 1917. She was also appointed an OBE in 1921, for her hospital work during World War I. She retired from medical work in 1925.[2][6] She was named an Officer of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem in 1943.[7]

She wrote a biography of her husband published soon after he died,[8] and novels including Children of the Border (1925), The Begum's Son (1928), and Doorways of the East (1931). A fourth novel remained unpublished. She also worked on women's higher education in India.[9] Later in life, she traveled, and gave lectures on Indian women and health topics.[2][10][11] "Absolutely fearless, she thinks nothing of taking an old Ford and proceeding, absolutely alone, into Afghanistan or up through the wilds of Persia," marveled a newspaper writer in 1930, when Alice Pennell was in her fifties, noting further that "she is the friend and confidente of women from all over India."[12]

Personal life

Alice Maude Sorabji married fellow physician Theodore Leighton Pennell in 1908.[13] They had a son.[14] She was widowed when Pennell died in 1912, from septicaemia.[15] She died in 1951, aged 76 years, in Findon, Sussex.[16][6]

References

  1. ↑ Brinks, Ellen (2016-04-15). Anglophone Indian Women Writers, 1870–1920. Routledge. ISBN 9781317180913.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Alice Maude Sorabji Pennell, Making Britain: Discover How South Asians Shaped the Nation, 1870-1950 (Open University).
  3. ↑ "New Woman in India" Chicago Tribune (March 9, 1896): 3. via Newspapers.comOpen access icon
  4. ↑ "An Indian Lady Graduate" Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper (January 26, 1896): 9. via Newspapers.comOpen access icon
  5. ↑ Antoinette Burton, At the Heart of the Empire: Indians and the Colonial Encounter in Late-Victorian Britain (University of California Press 1998): 124-125. ISBN 9780520919457
  6. 1 2 "Obituary" British Medical Journal (March 31, 1951): 706.
  7. ↑ "The Grand Priory in the British Realm of the Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem" The London Gazette (June 25, 1943): 2898.
  8. ↑ Alice Sorabji Pennell, Pennell of the Afghan Frontier (Revell, 1912).
  9. ↑ Mrinalini Sinha, Specters of Mother India: The Global Restructuring of an Empire (Duke University Press 2006): 178. ISBN 9780822337959
  10. ↑ "Women Doctors for India" Sydney Morning Herald (March 25, 1914): 5. via TroveOpen access icon
  11. ↑ "Social Background of Health in India" British Medical Journal (May 22, 1943): 641.
  12. ↑ Michael Pym, "India's Women Who Stand With Mahatma Gandhi" The New York Times (May 25, 1930).
  13. ↑ "Marriages" The Lancet (November 14, 1908): 1495.
  14. ↑ Lynn Innes, A History of Black and Asian Writing in Britain, 1700-2000 (Cambridge University Press 2002): 283. ISBN 9780521643276.
  15. ↑ "Dr. Pennell, of India" The Missionary Review (June 1912): 475.
  16. ↑ "Deaths" British Medical Journal (March 17, 1951): 597.
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