Albert Houthuesen
Born
Albertus Antonius Johannes Houthuesen

3 October 1903
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Died20 October 1979(1979-10-20) (aged 76)
London, United Kingdom
NationalityDutch and British
EducationFleet Road Elementary School[1]: 24-30 
Saint Martin's School of Art
Royal College of Art
Known forPainting
SpouseCatherine Dean

Albertus Antonius Johannes Houthuesen (Dutch: [ɑlˈbɛrtʏs ˈhʌutˌhysə(n)]; 3 October 1903 – 20 October 1979), known as Albert Houthuesen (English: /ˈhaʊtjuːzən/ HOW-tew-zən), was a Dutch-born British artist.

Life

Early life and training

Albert Houthuesen was born in the Oude Pijp neighbourhood of Amsterdam, at 263 Albert Cuypstraat, the eldest of the four children of Jean Charles Pierre Houthuesen (1877–1911), a painter and musician, and his wife Elisabeth Petronella Emma, née Wedemeyer (1873–1966). After Jean Charles Pierre's early death, when Albert was 8 years old, the family moved near Elisabeth's mother in London, and Elisabeth opened a boarding house at 20 Constantine Road, near Hampstead Heath.[1]: 19 

The former Saint Martin's School of Art building, in Charing Cross Road

Houthuesen left school aged 14 and went to work for a grocer, then as a lens fitter, apprentice engraver, tailor's stencil cutter, and furniture restorer.[1]: 31-39, 55  At the same time, he began attending evening classes at Saint Martin's School of Art.[1]: 32-34  He shared a studio with artists Gerald Ososki, Barnett Freedman and Reginald Brill in Howland Street (Fitzrovia).[1]: 40-44  Though he loved watching Charlie Chaplin, he preferred theatre to film, particularly enjoying performances by the comedians George Robey and Little Tich.[1]: 54-55 

In 1921, he made the first of three trips to Holland, spending time with an uncle, the painter and potter Bernard Boeziek.[1]: 45-47  He became a British citizen in 1922.[1]: 248  In 1923–1924, he was designing lettering for the architectural sculpture firm Aumonier.[1]: 55-56 

Thanks to William Rothenstein, principal of the Royal College of Art, Houthuesen was eventually able to obtain a scholarship to attend the RCA between 1924 and 1927,[1]: 56-71 [2] with contemporaries Henry Moore, Barbara Hepworth, Edward Burra, Ceri Richards and Cecil Collins.[3] Rothenstein invited Houthuesen to stay when his deeply unhappy home life prevented him from studying effectively.[1]: 57-62  Vivian Pitchforth is reported to have seen particular promise in Houthuesen's student work.[4]

Teaching and painting

The Working Men's College in Camden

In 1927, at the RCA, Houthuesen also met his future wife Catherine Dean.[1]: 73-74  He stayed on at college as a student demonstrator until the following summer.[1]: 248  He then gave evening art classes at the Mary Ward Settlement and the Working Men's College with colleagues Percy Horton and Barnett Freedman, under the directorship of James Laver.[1]: 75-76  [5] He taught at the Working Men's College until 1938.[1]: 105  In 1929, he undertook his first commission for Herbrand Russell, 11th Duke of Bedford, making copies of enamel miniature portraits.[1]: 76, 248 

Abbey Gardens, St John's Wood

Albert Houthuesen married Catherine Dean in 1931. They lived in a flat at 20 Abbey Gardens in St John's Wood.[1]: 82, 105  Throughout the 1930s they visited Trelogan, near the Point of Ayr colliery in north east Wales, staying in Mersey Cottage,[6] owned by Catherine's aunts.[1]: 85, 97, 113  Here Houthuesen painted landscapes and portraits of colliers.

In spring 1936, Houthuesen suffered an internal hemorrhage due to a duodenal ulcer, from which it took him a long time to recover.[1]: 102 

When Herbrand Russell's wife, the aviator and ornithologist Mary Russell, Duchess of Bedford, died in a plane crash in March 1937, the duke commissioned a stained-glass memorial window in St Mary's Church, Woburn of Saint Francis of Assisi surrounded by birds.[7]

In 1938, the Houthuesens moved to 37b Greville Road, not far from their previous London home.[1]: 106 

War work

In September 1940 the house of the Houthuesens' immediate neighbour and landlord, sculptor Alfred Frank Hardiman, was bombed in the Blitz.[8] Nobody was hurt, but the house was uninhabitable.[1]: 110  The Houthuesens returned to Trelogan.[1]: 113-114 

Loversall

From late 1941 until the end of the war, they lived in Yorkshire, just south of Doncaster, where St Gabriel's College, the teacher training college where Catherine worked, was evacuated. They lived first in a cottage in Letwell, then in the Farm House in Loversall, and by summer 1943 at 21 St Mary's Gate in Tickhill.[1]: 111-34  Houthuesen was rejected from the army on health grounds and worked as a draughtsman for the London and North Eastern Railway at the Doncaster Works. He suffered a severe nervous breakdown and was discharged in March 1944.[1]: 115-126 

He made his first clown drawings in 1944, after seeing a family of Russian Jewish clowns, the Hermans, at the Grand Theatre in Doncaster.[1]: 131-133 

After the war

Love Walk, Denmark Hill

The Houthuesens returned to London at the end of the war and lived in Lady Margaret Vicarage in Chatham Street, Southwark, where they acted as wardens for St Gabriel's College students accommodated there.[1]: 137-39  Houthuesen was able to attend ballets at Covent Garden and the Adelphi Theatre, such as Los Caprichos (inspired by the Goya etchings),[9] Petrushka, The Three-Cornered Hat, and Les Sylphides.[1]: 140-149 

In autumn 1950, the Houthuesens moved again, to (then) semi-derelict Stone Hall with overgrown gardens, in Oxted, Surrey, and then again, in July 1952, to their final home at 5 Love Walk, in Denmark Hill, Camberwell.[1]: 152-57, 249 

Houthuesen helped to build up the art collection at St Gabriel's College.[10][11] His acquisitions included a woodcut of The Ecstasy of Mary Madgalene by Albrecht Dürer, a pencil drawing of Whitehaven on the Cumbrian coast by J. M. W. Turner,[12] a preparatory pencil drawing of three horses' heads for The Frugal Meal by John Frederick Herring Sr.,[13] and an aquatint of Christ by Georges Rouault.[14] After the college closed in 1978, the collection was transferred to an educational trust and subsequently loaned to Goldsmiths, University of London.

Later life

Houthuesen suffered continued ill-health, spending eight weeks in the Gordon Hospital in spring and summer 1961, three weeks in King's College Hospital in early 1965, and suffering a stroke in the 1970s.[1]: 166-167, 171, 3 

In 1976 the BBC broadcast Walk to the Moon: The Story of Albert Houthuesen, a film about Houthuesen's life and work, directed by John Armstrong (1928–2004).[15] The title is a reference to the Dutch expression Loop naar de maan, Houthuesen's mother's response to requests for art supplies.[1]: 1 

Albert Houthuesen died on 20 October 1979. A memorial exhibition was held in 1981 at the South London Art Gallery.[10]

Selected paintings

During his career, Houthuesen possibly painted about 2000 works, and although many were acquired by major art galleries and collectors, few have been publicly exhibited.[3] In 2021 Houthuesen's Hedger and Ditcher: Portrait of William Lloyd (1937) was chosen to replace the portrait of slave owner Sir Thomas Picton in the National Museum Cardiff.[16]

Reception

The art critic Souren Melikian has written: "I suspect that Houthuesen will come to be seen as one of the great figures in post-World War II Western art".[3]

Published works

  • Albert Houthuesen and John Rothenstein, Albert Houthuesen: An Appreciation (London, Mercury, 1969), ISBN 0950191906

Further reading

  • John Rothenstein, British Art Since 1900. An Anthology (Phaidon Press, 1962)
  • Mary Chamot, Dennis Farr and Martin Butlin, The Modern British Paintings, Drawings and Sculpture, volume 1 (London, Tate Gallery Catalogues, 1964)
  • John Rothenstein, Modern English Painters, volume 2 (Macdonald, 1974), ISBN 0356103544
  • James Huntington-Whiteley, Albert Houthuesen, 1903–1979: An Artist in Wales: Paintings and Drawings From the 1930s (Penarth, National Museums & Galleries of Wales, 1997)
  • David Buckman, Artists in Britain Since 1945 (Art Dictionaries Ltd., 2006), ISBN 095326095X
  • Richard Nathanson, Walk to the Moon: The Story of Albert Houthuesen (The Putney Press, 2008), ISBN 0951621920.
    Transcriptions of conversations with Houthuesen beginning in late 1967, with commentaries by Catherine Dean, Jo Parry, William Price Lloyd and Herbert Houthuesen, alongside 250 illustrations.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Nathanson, Richard (2008). Walk to the Moon: The Story of Albert Houthuesen. The Putney Press. ISBN 978-0-9516219-2-9.
  2. ↑ Rothenstein, William (1940). Since fifty: Men and memories, 1922–1938. Macmillan. p. 24.
  3. 1 2 3 Melikian, Souren (8 October 2010). "Contemporary Art Works of Often Subtle Beauty". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 3 September 2022.
  4. ↑ Helen Binyon, Eric Ravilious: Memoir of an artist (Guildford, 1983), p.32.
  5. ↑ Janet Barnes, Percy Horton 1897–1970 (Sheffield City Art Galleries, 1982), p.17, ISBN 0900660856.
  6. ↑ "Albert Houthuesen". www.artnet.de. Retrieved 3 September 2022.
  7. ↑ Nathanson, Richard (2008). Walk to the Moon: The Story of Albert Houthuesen. The Putney Press. p. 103. ISBN 978-0-9516219-2-9. See the photo on the webpage of the Church of St Mary in Woburn
  8. ↑ "37A Greville Road, London NW6, England – Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851–1951". sculpture.gla.ac.uk. Retrieved 3 September 2022.
  9. ↑ Museum, Victoria and Albert. "Sketch Book | Houthuesen, Albertus Antonicus Johannes | V&A Explore The Collections". Victoria and Albert Museum: Explore the Collections. Retrieved 3 September 2022.
  10. 1 2 Gillian Whaite. "Art and the St Gabriel's Collection". St Gabriel's Programme, Culham Institute. Archived from the original on 12 August 2007. Retrieved 13 May 2012.
  11. ↑ Catalogue to the St. Gabriel's College collection (Camberwell, 1964).
  12. ↑ "Joseph Mallord William Turner RA, British 1775-1851- View of Whitehaven; pencil, sheet with watermark Whatman 1808, 22.5x35.7cm Provenance: The Collection of Culham St Gabriel College, London Note: The present work belongs to a group of loose sheets, including several other Whitehaven subjects, on similarly-sized Whatman paper dated 1808 in the watermark. They date mainly from 1809 when Turner visited Cumbria to execute commissions from Lord Egremont at Cockermouth Castle and Lord Lonsdale at". auctions.roseberys.co.uk. Retrieved 3 September 2022.
  13. ↑ "John Frederick Herring I, British 1795-1865- The Frugal Meal; pencil, signed J F Herring Sen and dated 1847, 19x24.5cm Provenance: From the art collection at the former St Gabriel's College, Camberwell. St Gabriel's was a Church of England teacher training college, founded in 1899 and closed in 1978. Its Art Department attracted talented teachers and artists whose vocation was to inspire young teachers through studying and imitating the work of great artists. The paintings and drawings in th". auctions.roseberys.co.uk. Retrieved 3 September 2022.
  14. ↑ "Georges Rouault, French 1871-1958- He has been maltreated and oppressed and he has not opened his mouth [Isaiah 53:7], (C&R. 74c), plate 21 for the Miserere, 1922; drypoint etching with aquatint, burnisher and roulette, 57x40cm, (may be subject to Droit de Suite) Provenance: with The Zwemmer Gallery, London, according to label attached to the reverse From the St Gabriel's College collection according to label attached to the reverse". auctions.roseberys.co.uk. Retrieved 3 September 2022.
  15. ↑ Walk to the Moon: The Story of Albert Houthuesen Archived 29 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine, BBC video (1976). Retrieved 13 May 2012.
  16. ↑ Conrad Duncan (3 November 2021). "Thomas Picton: Cardiff museum takes down portrait of slave owner: Painting of disgraced former governor of Trinidad to be replaced by 'celebratory portrait' of worker". Independent. Retrieved 23 March 2022.
  17. ↑ According to Jo Parry, he was seventeen when Houthuesen painted his portrait and the papers on the table beside him were his first sermon as a local preacher. Hanging from his jacket is the tally that was exchanged for a lamp at the start of each shift in the mine (Nathanson, Richard (2008). Walk to the Moon: The Story of Albert Houthuesen. The Putney Press. pp. 96–98. ISBN 978-0-9516219-2-9.).
  18. ↑ William Price Lloyd was the older brother of the singer David Lloyd (Nathanson, Richard (2008). Walk to the Moon: The Story of Albert Houthuesen. The Putney Press. p. 88. ISBN 978-0-9516219-2-9.).
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