Aasim Sajjad Akhtar
عاصم سجاد اختر
NationalityPakistani
Alma materSOAS, University of London
Yale University
Northwestern University
Occupation(s)Associate Professor at Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Known forDeputy general secretary, Awami Workers Party

Aasim Sajjad Akhtar is a teacher, left wing politician and columnist based in Pakistan. Akhtar is associate professor[1] of political economy at Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. He served as the president of the Awami Workers Party's Punjab executive committee from March 16, 2014[2][3] to January 17, 2020.[4] He is deputy general secretary of Awami Workers Party.[5]

Early life and education

Akhtar did his Bachelor of Arts in economics with honours in 1997 from Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.[6] He got his master's degree in economics in 1999 from Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.[7][8] Akhtar completed his PhD in political sociology in 2008 from SOAS, University of London at the South Asia Institute, where his thesis was titled The Overdeveloping State: The Politics of Common Sense in Pakistan, 1971-2007.[9]

Career

Akhtar is serving as associate professor of political economy at Quaid-i-Azam University's National Institute of Pakistan Studies,[10][11] and has previously taught at the Lahore University of Management Sciences.[12][13][14] His research focuses on colonial theory and history, state theory, sociology, imperialism, comparative politics, political economy, rise of the middle classes, South Asian politics, identity formation, informal economy and social movements in Pakistan.[10] Akhtar is Honorary Fellow at the Institute of South Asian Studies (ISAS), a research institute at the National University of Singapore (NUS).[15]

Political struggle

People's Rights Movement (PRM)

Akhtar was a coordinator of the People's Rights Movement (PRM)[16][17][18][19] from 2002 to 2012; PRM was a left-wing confederation of working-class movements in Pakistan.[20][21][22][23][24][25][26]

As a representative of PRM, Akhtar was a strong supporter of Okara's peasant movement and Anjuman Mazarin Punjab, (AMP).[27][28][29][30][31]

He organised rallies under the banner of PRM along with members of different trade unions against anti-worker policies and privatization[32] of public utilities.[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]

In November 2007, he was arrested in Lahore with seventy other civil society activists for participating in an anti-government meeting held at the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan during the Pakistani state of emergency, 2007.[43][44][45][46][47][48]

In February 2010, PRM merged with the National Workers Party and the Communist Mazdoor Kissan Party to form the Workers Party Pakistan.[49][50][51]

On August 17, 2023, Aasim Sajjad Akhtar was interviewed by Democracy Now on the "explosive leaked document obtained by The Intercept [that] appears to show direct U.S. involvement in former Pakistani Prime Minister Imran Khan’s ouster in 2022 because of his stance on the war in Ukraine. Khan is currently jailed and facing trial over a slew of corruption charges that his supporters say are intended to keep him from running for office again."[52]

"I think The Intercept story is much ado about nothing, at least in Pakistan. And I’m talking about critical progressive circles. I’m not talking about government or the PTI or IK supporters. The truth is that IK fell out with the military, and that’s the reason he was booted. I mean, what he really wanted to say was that “Bajwa wanted me out,” but he couldn’t say that at the time. As the right tends to do everywhere, and IK is a classic example of a populist right-wing demagogue, you know, steals the anti — he’s not even anti-imperialist, but he, at best, could have called himself anti-American. Of course, we didn’t have the kind of — or, don’t have the kind of purchase, especially in the mainstream media, to be able to say, “Well, no, a real anti-imperialist looks and does, you know, X, Y, Z.”[52]

Workers Party Pakistan

Akhtar was associated with Workers Party Pakistan (WPP) from February 2010 to November 2012.[53][54][55][56][57][58]

All-Pakistan Alliance for Katchi Abadis

Akhtar served as chairman[59] of the All-Pakistan Alliance for Katchi Abadis (informal settlements or slums) which was an association of slum-dwellers from across Pakistan, formed in 1999[60] to protect the rights of the millions of slum residents across the country, against forced evictions and homelessness and to speak for the need for low-income housing in Pakistan.[61][62][63][64][65][66] In 2001, under Pervez Musharraf's era according to the Katchi Abadi Policy 2001, kachi abadis were given orders to provide urban squatters security through re-settlement and regularization.[67] Despite this policy, forced evictions of residents from katchi abadis continued which led to protests and demonstrations by the All Pakistan Katchi Abadi Alliance.[68] In 2002, residents of four abadis were allotted plots in Alipur Farash under 'Modern Shelter Urban Programme', according to which out of the total 41 Katchi Abadis of the capital, only 11 have been recognized by the CDA, the rest were to be demolished without providing alternative shelter for the residents.[69] Despite having pledged to transform Alipur Farash into a "model town" for the working class, the CDA failed to provide even basic amenities for its residents, development has remained incomplete for years. Female members of All Pakistan Katchi Abadi Alliance from Alipur Farash protested many times for provision of basic facilities.[70][71][72][73]

Awami Workers Party

Akhtar is among the founders of Awami Workers Party. On November 11, 2012, the Workers Party Pakistan merged with two other left-wing parties, Awami Party and Labour Party to form the Awami Workers Party.[74][75] He was member of the first federal committee, later on December 16, 2012, he was elected as general secretary of AWP Punjab.[76][77][78][79][80] On March 16, 2014, Akhtar was elected as President of AWP Punjab in AWP Punjab Congress held in Lahore.[81] While serving as the president of AWP Punjab he took part actively in organising the slum dwellers of the capital territory of Islamabad against forced evictions and moved a petition against Capital Development Authority (CDA) to stop evictions from slums.[82][83][84][85][86][87] Akhtar was elected as deputy general secretary AWP on March 12–13, 2022 in party's third congress held in Lahore.[88]

In 2014, hundreds of kachi abadis' residents along with All-Pakistan Alliance for Katchi Abadis, held protests against the Capital Development Authority's (CDA) plans to bulldoze katchi abadis in Islamabad.[89][90][91] On July 30, 2015, the Capital Development Authority (CDA) along with rangers, police and local administration demolished dozens of houses in informal settlement of I-11/1,Islamabad which were built 30 years ago.[92] On August 2, 2015, to stop these forced evictions and to find ways for urban housing crisis in informal settlements of I-11/1, Akhtar along with residents from Kachi Abadis, filed a petition in the Supreme Court for the case on the right to housing.[93] The petition requested that the court declare the residents of katchi abadis of the capital territory entitled to the benefits conferred under Articles 9, 10A and 25 of the Constitution[94][95] and the state is bound to provide the residents of katchi abadis shelter and other amenities as per the Constitution and the National Housing Policy 2001. On August 26, 2015, the Supreme Court of Pakistan ordered the federal government and other departments to stop further demolishing of houses in katchi abadi I-11, Islamabad.[96][97]

As member of AWP, Akhtar always raised his voice against any kind of injustices anywhere in the country through seminars and protests, be it killing of peace activists like Sabeen Mahmud[98][99] and Mashal Khan,[100][101][102] attack on minorities,[103] price hike,[104] or non-coverage of progressive voices on media.[105] Akhtar believes in the power of community dialogues on pressing issues, to understand and find their possible solutions so he took part with other AWP members in organising political schools and dialogues.[106][107][108]

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Akhtar along with other members of AWP, led the debate on Universal basic income.[109][110][111][112]

Since February 2022, he is raising voice against the possible displacement of kachi abadi dwellers due to construction of tenth avenue road.[113]

In June, 2022, he along with other AWP leaders formed a new alliance of left-wing parties with the name of United Democratic Front.[114]

Akhtar is also leading a decade long weekly study circle on wide range of topics on economic, political and social issues to promote a culture of discussion, understanding and awareness among youth.

Publications and articles

Akhtar writes a weekly column for the Dawn newspaper,[115][116] he also wrote in Monthly Review,[117][118][119] New Internationalist,[120] Tanqeed,[121] The Straits Times,[122] Deccan Chronicle,[123][124] Himal Southasian,[125] The Asian Age[126] and The High Asia Herald.[127] As a researcher and academic, he has published many research articles[128] in peer-reviewed journals such as Third World Quarterly,[129][130] Critical Asian Studies,[131][132] The Journal of Peasant Studies,[133] the Journal of Contemporary Asia[134][135][136] and Antipode.[137] He is also contributing editor with the journal Socialism and Democracy.[138][139] He has co-authored two books,[140][141] while his third published book "The Politics of Common Sense" (2018) describes the evolution of structure of power in Pakistan over the past four decades.[142][143] In 2022, he wrote his fourth book named "The Struggle for Hegemony in Pakistan: Fear, Desire and Revolutionary Horizons"[144][145][146][147][148] published by Pluto Press.[149][150]

References

  1. ↑ University, Habib. "Habib University President's Conference 2018 - Questioning South Asia". Habib University.
  2. ↑ "AWP body elected". Dawn. 20 March 2014. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
  3. ↑ "Awami Workers Party AWP Punjab delegate conference and elections by Aasim Sajjad Akhtar on Awami Jamhooriat April 2014". apr14.aj-pak.org.
  4. ↑ "پنجاب میں ترقی پسند محنت کش سیاست کو عوام میں مقبول بنانے کاعزم". نیوزلائن فیصل آباد.
  5. ↑ Singh, Tanupriya (27 January 2023). "As Pakistan moves towards another IMF bailout, more misery looms ahead for its people". Peoples Dispatch.
  6. ↑ Northwestern University (Evanston (1997). "Annual commencement / Northwestern University". Evanston, Ill. : The University.
  7. ↑ Lancaster, John (8 April 2003). "Pakistan's Modern Feudal Lords". Washington Post.
  8. ↑ "Aasim Sajjad CV" (PDF). National Institute of Pakistan Studies. 2016-08-29.
  9. ↑ "Completed PhD Thesis 2007-2008". SOAS South Asia Institute. Retrieved 28 August 2016.
  10. 1 2 "Dr Aasim Sajjad Akhtar | Staff | SOAS University of London". www.soas.ac.uk.
  11. ↑ "Faculty – NIPS". nips.edu.pk. Retrieved 2016-08-29.
  12. ↑ "Pakistan tries to derail popular cross-country protest". Christian Science Monitor. 12 March 2009.
  13. ↑ "Aasim Sajjad Akhtar: "The Symbiotic Relationship Between 'Counter-Terrorism' and Neoliberal Development: The Case of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC)"". www.bgsmcs.fu-berlin.de. 2016-04-11. Retrieved 2016-08-29.
  14. ↑ Tavernise, Sabrina (1 August 2009). "Where the Mullahs Are the Upper Crust". The New York Times.
  15. ↑ "Introduction". www.isas.nus.edu.sg.
  16. ↑ Lancaster, John (29 June 2003). "Fighting an Army's Empire". Washington Post.
  17. ↑ "The People's Rights Movement – an Experiment in Radical Politics in Pakistan". ghadar.insaf.net June, 2004.
  18. ↑ "Drive Out the Imperialists! - Middle East Morass". www.bolshevik.org.
  19. ↑ "Tax system termed anti-poor". DAWN.COM. 6 August 2009.
  20. ↑ "IFIs dictating terms for future setup: PRM". DAWN.COM. 8 November 2002.
  21. ↑ "PR employees happy over Qazi's departure". DAWN.COM. 6 December 2002.
  22. ↑ Reporter, A. (7 May 2003). "PRM, AMP condemn action against tenants". DAWN.COM.
  23. ↑ "Pro-Balochistan protesters baton-charged". DAWN. September 10, 2006.
  24. ↑ "End to military operation in Balochistan demanded". DAWN.COM. 8 April 2006.
  25. ↑ Reporter, A. (23 December 2009). "No respite for working class: Minto". DAWN.COM.
  26. ↑ "LPP leader's detention criticized". DAWN.COM. 12 June 2007.
  27. ↑ "AMP seeks UN intervention". DAWN.COM. 28 June 2003.
  28. ↑ "Rally against siege of military farms: More tenants join drive". DAWN.COM. 19 August 2002.
  29. ↑ "The long drawn struggle | Encore | thenews.com.pk". www.thenews.com.pk. May 1, 2016.
  30. ↑ "Social activists narrate tenants' ordeal". DAWN.COM. 14 May 2003.
  31. ↑ "Peasants are in revolt in Pakistan: Dr Pervez Hoodbhoy". www.antisystemic.org.
  32. ↑ "White-lipped, blue-collared and invisible". Himal Southasian. 30 January 2018.
  33. ↑ "PRM seeks rights for slum dwellers". DAWN.COM. 1 September 2003.
  34. ↑ "Termination of ZTBL workers condemned". DAWN.COM. 2 March 2007.
  35. ↑ "PTCL takeover by Etisalat to be resisted". DAWN.COM. 28 July 2005.
  36. ↑ "Labour bodies back PTCL workers". DAWN.COM. 22 July 2008.
  37. ↑ "Alliance against privatization". DAWN.COM. 19 July 2005.
  38. ↑ "RAWALPINDI: Workers of Wapda stage rally: KESC privatization". DAWN.COM. 3 February 2005.
  39. ↑ "Takeover of PTCL facilities criticized". DAWN.COM. 13 June 2005.
  40. ↑ "May Day rallies: more rights for poor, labourers sought". DAWN.COM. 2 May 2003.
  41. ↑ "PRM vows to join PTCL workers' struggle". DAWN.COM. 18 September 2004.
  42. ↑ "Use of force on peaceful rally condemned". DAWN.COM. 12 February 2008.
  43. ↑ "Students' rare show against emergency". Dawn. 2007-11-06. Retrieved 2016-08-29.
  44. ↑ "LUMS Review - Emergency Rule Turns Ugly". LUMS Review. 2007-11-04. Archived from the original on 2016-09-17. Retrieved 2016-08-29.
  45. ↑ "Arrests of progressive leaders, workers condemned". DAWN.COM. 14 November 2007.
  46. ↑ "Pakistan's students push for democracy". New Internationalist. 14 December 2007.
  47. ↑ "Pakistan students fight emergency". 23 November 2007.
  48. ↑ "Civil society, students hold protest rallies : Emergency condemned". DAWN.COM. 7 November 2007.
  49. ↑ "Salvation of masses lies in changing status quo". Dawn. 2010-02-27. Retrieved 2016-08-29.
  50. ↑ Amirali, Asha (9 March 2010). "The New Left revisited". DAWN.COM.
  51. ↑ "Workers Party wants 1940 Resolution implemented". DAWN.COM. 1 March 2010.
  52. 1 2 "Did the U.S. Push Imran Khan from Power?". Democracy Now!. Retrieved 2023-08-17.
  53. ↑ Tariq, Farooq (4 September 2010). "Pakistan: Campaign launched to cancel debt". Green Left.
  54. ↑ AKHTAR, AASIM SAJJAD (2012). "21st Century Socialism in Pakistan?". Economic and Political Weekly. 47 (45): 27–29. ISSN 0012-9976. JSTOR 41720348.
  55. ↑ "violent protests". Gilgit Baltistan Bulletin. 5 January 2012.
  56. ↑ "Attabad Lake: Protesters demand release of political activists". The Express Tribune. 4 January 2012.
  57. ↑ "Call for help: Balochistan deemed 'human rights free zone'". The Express Tribune. 26 December 2011.
  58. ↑ Reporter, The Newspaper's Staff (18 March 2012). "Workers rally drums up support for welfare state". DAWN.COM.
  59. ↑ Boone, Jon (19 March 2014). "Islamabad targets slums after suicide bomb attack". The Guardian.
  60. ↑ ""The class war continues. And we will continue to fight it" | Special Report | thenews.com.pk". www.thenews.com.pk. August 9, 2015.
  61. ↑ Yasin, Aamir (11 January 2014). "Slum-dwelling christians to get proprietary rights". DAWN.COM.
  62. ↑ "Operation against katchi abadis postponed". DAWN.COM. 22 March 2014.
  63. ↑ Mojiz, Aasma (28 August 2015). "'Absence of low-income housing led to proliferation of slums'". DAWN.COM.
  64. ↑ "Govt urged to allocate land for addressing low-income group housing crisis". www.thenews.com.pk.
  65. ↑ Abbasi, Kashif (5 August 2016). "Katchi abadi residents demand affordable housing". DAWN.COM.
  66. ↑ "Resettlement first: Slum dwellers protest drive against kachi abadis". The Express Tribune. 4 June 2014.
  67. ↑ "DEVELOPMENT-PAKISTAN: Relocating Slums Not the Answer | Inter Press Service". www.ipsnews.net. April 9, 2001.
  68. ↑ "DAWN - Features; 12 May, 2004". DAWN.COM. 12 May 2004.
  69. ↑ "CDA's ill-planning: No development in Alipur Farash project 15 years on | Pakistan Today". www.pakistantoday.com.pk.
  70. ↑ "Facilities for katchi abadis demanded". DAWN.COM. 17 April 2006.
  71. ↑ "Steps urged to resolve katchi abadis' problems". DAWN.COM. 27 August 2009.
  72. ↑ "Women, children stage protest at Alipur Farash". www.thenews.com.pk.
  73. ↑ "Protest: Demands for basic amenities". The Express Tribune. 31 December 2010.
  74. ↑ "Three leftist parties to merge". Dawn. 2012-11-02. Retrieved 2016-08-29.
  75. ↑ Reporter, The Newspaper's Staff (4 December 2012). "AWP rejects verdict on KBD". DAWN.COM.
  76. ↑ "Organisational report of Awami Workers Party Punjab by Aasim Sajjad Akhtar general secretary AWP Punjab on Awami Jamhooriat January 2013". jan13.aj-pak.org.
  77. ↑ "Protecting the voiceless: Katchi abadis' residents to resist eviction". The Express Tribune. 11 February 2014.
  78. ↑ Menon, Meena (4 February 2014). "A debating group in search of politics". The Hindu.
  79. ↑ "Labour Day rally: Workers vow to revive labour movement". The Express Tribune. 1 May 2014.
  80. ↑ Zaidi, Hassan Belal (29 September 2014). "'Red revolution' comes to Islamabad". DAWN.COM.
  81. ↑ "Awami Workers Party AWP Punjab delegate conference and elections by Aasim Sajjad Akhtar on Awami Jamhooriat April 2014". apr14.aj-pak.org.
  82. ↑ "Working for the Wealthy, Islamabad's Poor Struggle to Live". thediplomat.com.
  83. ↑ Junaidi, Ikram (28 July 2015). "CDA backs off from operation to remove I-11 slum". DAWN.COM.
  84. ↑ "Right to shelter: Slum dwellers protest CDA eviction drive". The Express Tribune. 23 July 2015.
  85. ↑ Reporter, A. (16 October 2015). "Slum dwellers protest against evictions". DAWN.COM.
  86. ↑ Junaidi, Ikram (9 December 2015). "People decry CDA's 'fear of Christians'". DAWN.COM.
  87. ↑ Reporter, A. (10 January 2016). "Artists, activists join evicted I-11 residents calling for resettlement". DAWN.COM.
  88. ↑ Reporter, The Newspaper's Staff (14 March 2022). "AWP vows to strive for socialist society". DAWN.COM.
  89. ↑ "Security of tenure: Slum dwellers protest CDA eviction drive". The Express Tribune. 8 June 2014.
  90. ↑ Junaidi, Ikram (15 April 2014). "CDA starts leveling Islamabad's slums". DAWN.COM.
  91. ↑ "اسلام آباد کی کچی آبادیاں". BBC News اردو (in Urdu). 21 March 2014.
  92. ↑ "Hundreds of homes reduced to dust". DAWN.COM. 31 July 2015.
  93. ↑ Iqbal, Nasir (2 August 2015). "AWP members, slum dwellers move SC against operation". DAWN.COM.
  94. ↑ "Supreme Court Petition Challenging Katchi Abadi Demolitions". Awami Workers Party, Pakistan. 3 August 2015.
  95. ↑ "Katchi abadis case: Petitioner seeks night shelters for homeless". The Express Tribune. 14 November 2015.
  96. ↑ "I-11 katchi abadi: SC orders govt to stop demolishing houses". August 26, 2015.
  97. ↑ Malik, Shiza (4 August 2015). "SOUND BYTE: 'The CDA is an undemocratic, non-representative organisation'". DAWN.COM.
  98. ↑ "Fighting for the oppressed: Sabeen's message resonates in capital". The Express Tribune. 28 April 2015.
  99. ↑ Zaidi, Hassan Belal (26 April 2015). "Sabeen Mahmud: a memoriam". DAWN.COM.
  100. ↑ "Seminar held in remembrance of Mashaal Khan at QAU | SAMAA". Samaa TV. May 10, 2017.
  101. ↑ "QAU holds seminar in remembrance of Mashal Khan". Daily Times. 11 May 2017.
  102. ↑ "Academic institutions must encourage difference of opinion, dissent, disagreement". www.thenews.com.pk. May 11, 2017.
  103. ↑ Report, Dawn (18 March 2015). "Protesters condemn attack on churches, lynching of two men". DAWN.COM.
  104. ↑ Reporter, The Newspaper's Staff (29 July 2019). "Protest held against price hike". DAWN.COM.
  105. ↑ Jalil, Xari (22 November 2015). "'Fair coverage of Left leaders can help generate ideas'". DAWN.COM.
  106. ↑ "Sep 03, 2018 | AWP's weekend political school ends". Dawn Epaper. 3 September 2018.
  107. ↑ "Apr 01, 2019 | AWP to create awareness among people about ideology of socialism". Dawn Epaper. 1 April 2019.
  108. ↑ "Awami Workers Party – Political dialogues: Democratizing the digital". Daily Times. 7 January 2018.
  109. ↑ "Letters: Why over 500 academics have called for universal basic income in the fight against coronavirus". The Independent. 18 March 2020. Archived from the original on 2020-03-19.
  110. ↑ "COVID in Pakistan, the Role of Middle-Classes and the Unprecedented Demand for a New Social Contract". Developing Economics. 26 June 2020.
  111. ↑ Reporter, The Newspaper's Staff (1 May 2020). "'Changes needed to economy to ensure basic needs of workers'". DAWN.COM.
  112. ↑ Junaidi, Ikram (21 June 2016). "'GB is part of the Kashmir dispute'". DAWN.COM.
  113. ↑ Abbasi, Kashif (25 February 2022). "Islamabad's 10th Avenue project to displace dwellers of 1,400 slum houses". DAWN.COM.
  114. ↑ Reporter, The Newspaper's Staff (28 June 2022). "Left-leaning political parties form alliance". DAWN.COM.
  115. ↑ "عاصم سجاد اختر کی خبریں - Dawn News". www.dawnnews.tv.
  116. ↑ "News stories for Aasim Sajjad Akhtar". Dawn. Retrieved 2016-08-29.
  117. ↑ Theory, Aasim Sajjad AkhtarTopics: Economic; Economy, Political (1 October 2005). "Monthly Review | Privatization at Gunpoint". Monthly Review.
  118. ↑ America, Aasim Sajjad AkhtarTopics: Marxism Places: Latin (1 November 2006). "Monthly Review | Cuban Doctors in Pakistan: Why Cuba Still Inspires". Monthly Review.
  119. ↑ Asia, Akhtar (1 June 2018). "The China–Pakistan Economic Corridor". Monthly Review.
  120. ↑ "The democracy killers". New Internationalist. 2 September 2002.
  121. ↑ Aasim, Akhtar. "Failed State Or Fragmented Hegemony".
  122. ↑ "'Normal' must look different after the crisis". The Straits Times. 31 March 2020.
  123. ↑ "Aasim Sajjad Akhtar". Deccan Chronicle.
  124. ↑ Akhtar, Aasim Sajjad (1 June 2019). "Why it's vital to 'decolonise' to bring about real equality". Deccan Chronicle.
  125. ↑ "Collapse of the neo-liberal consensus". Himal Southasian. 1 October 2003.
  126. ↑ "Aasim Sajjad Akhtar". The Asian Age.
  127. ↑ "Aasim Sajjad Akhtar – The High Asia Herald".
  128. ↑ "Rethinking Pakistan's Political Economy". www.aku.edu.
  129. ↑ Akhtar, Aasim Sajjad; Ahmad, Ali Nobil (2 January 2015). "Conspiracy and statecraft in postcolonial states: theories and realities of the hidden hand in Pakistan's war on terror". Third World Quarterly. 36 (1): 94–110. doi:10.1080/01436597.2015.976022. ISSN 0143-6597. S2CID 143804986.
  130. ↑ Akhtar, Aasim Sajjad; Rashid, Ammar (12 July 2021). "Dispossession and the militarised developer state: financialisation and class power on the agrarian–urban frontier of Islamabad, Pakistan". Third World Quarterly. 42 (8): 1866–1884. doi:10.1080/01436597.2021.1939004. ISSN 0143-6597. S2CID 236520357.
  131. ↑ "2019.23: Aasim Sajjad Akhtar, When a Movement Stops Moving: The Okara Peasant Struggle Twenty Years On". CAS. 19 November 2019.
  132. ↑ Akhtar, Aasim Sajjad (1 June 2011). "Patronage and Class in Urban Pakistan". Critical Asian Studies. 43 (2): 159–184. doi:10.1080/14672715.2011.570565. ISSN 1467-2715. S2CID 153869116.
  133. ↑ Akhtar, Aasim Sajjad (1 July 2006). "The state as landlord in Pakistani Punjab: Peasant struggles on the Okara military farms". The Journal of Peasant Studies. 33 (3): 479–501. doi:10.1080/03066150601063058. ISSN 0306-6150. S2CID 144410921.
  134. ↑ Akhtar, Aasim Sajjad (1 February 2010). "Pakistan: Crisis of a Frontline State". Journal of Contemporary Asia. 40 (1): 105–122. doi:10.1080/00472330903270742. ISSN 0047-2336. S2CID 154401427.
  135. ↑ Akhtar, Aasim Sajjad (1 October 2016). "Dreams of a Secular Republic: Elite Alienation in Post-Zia Pakistan". Journal of Contemporary Asia. 46 (4): 641–658. doi:10.1080/00472336.2016.1193214. ISSN 0047-2336. S2CID 148335890.
  136. ↑ Akhtar, Aasim Sajjad (31 August 2020). "The War of Terror in Praetorian Pakistan: The Emergence and Struggle of the Pashtun Tahaffuz Movement". Journal of Contemporary Asia. 51 (3): 516–529. doi:10.1080/00472336.2020.1809008. ISSN 0047-2336. S2CID 225224789.
  137. ↑ Akhtar, Aasim Sajjad (11 January 2022). "The Checkpost State in Pakistan's War of Terror: Centres, Peripheries, and the Politics of the Universal". Antipode. 54 (5): 1365–1385. doi:10.1111/anti.12805. ISSN 0066-4812. S2CID 245913080.
  138. ↑ "Editorial Board". Socialism and Democracy. 27 (3): (ebi)–(ebi). 1 November 2013. doi:10.1080/08854300.2013.861133. ISSN 0885-4300. S2CID 219697425.
  139. ↑ Akhtar, Aasim Sajjad (1 March 2007). "The New Vanguard: Challenges for the Left in Asia and Africa". Socialism and Democracy. 21 (1): 1–12. doi:10.1080/08854300601116647. ISSN 0885-4300. S2CID 219693878.
  140. ↑ "The Islamization of Pakistan, 1979-2009". Middle East Institute.
  141. ↑ "The Military and Denied Development in the Pakistani Punjab". www.anthempress.com.
  142. ↑ Akhtar, Aasim Sajjad (2018). The Politics of Common Sense: State, Society and Culture in Pakistan. doi:10.1017/9781316659106. ISBN 9781107155664.
  143. ↑ "The Politics of Common Sense: Everyday life in contemporary Pakistan | SOAS University of London". www.soas.ac.uk.
  144. ↑ Javed, Umair (8 August 2022). "Unsustainable trajectory". DAWN.COM.
  145. ↑ Salman, Peerzada (7 October 2022). "The Struggle for Hegemony in Pakistan launched". DAWN.COM.
  146. ↑ "Author highlights social media's dominant role in today's world at book launch". www.thenews.com.pk.
  147. ↑ Akhtar, Sohail (9 October 2022). "'The Struggle for Hegemony in Pakistan' launched". The Express Tribune.
  148. ↑ Akhtar, Sohail (9 October 2022). "NON-FICTION: CLASS AND HEGEMONY". DAWN.COM.
  149. ↑ "The Struggle for Hegemony in Pakistan". Pluto Press.
  150. ↑ "Podcast | Asim Sajjad Akhter, "The Struggle for Hegemony in Pakistan:..." New Books Network.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.