III European Games
Logo
Host cityKraków and Małopolska, Poland
MottoWe are unity
(Polish: Jesteśmy jednością)
Nations48
Athletes6,857
Events254 in 29 sports [1]
Opening21 June 2023[2][3]
Closing2 July 2023[2]
Opened byPresident Andrzej Duda
Torch lighterAnita Włodarczyk
Marcin Oleksy and Janusz Pyciak-Peciak
Main venueStadion Miejski
Website2023 European Games
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2023 European Games.

The 3rd European Games (Polish: III Igrzyska Europejskie, Igrzyska Europejskie 2023), informally known as Kraków-Małopolska 2023, was an international multi-sport event held from 21 June to 2 July 2023 in Kraków and Małopolska, Poland.[4] It was the first time that Poland hosted the European Games. All Olympic sports held at the European Games provided qualification opportunities for the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, France.[5]

"We are unity" – slogan on a train in Kraków

Host selection

Kraków was selected as the host city of the 2023 European Games

At the time of the 2015 European Games, the city of Manchester, United Kingdom expressed its wish to host the 2023 Games.[6][7] No further interest was expressed since after the 2018 European Championships were awarded to Glasgow, Scotland and the 2022 Commonwealth Games were awarded to Birmingham, England.

In May 2018, the European Olympic Committees (EOC) asserted that the bidding process for the 2023 Games would be open to joint bids from multiple countries.[8]

The EOC launched the bid process on 20 September 2018 after a meeting of the constituent National Olympic Committees in Stockholm.[9] Following the approval of the Bid Document, it was sent to the 50 NOCs in Europe alongside a letter from EOC President Janez Kocijančič inviting applications.[10] The application stage was set to close on 28 February 2019.[11]

In January 2019, Marcin Krupa, the mayor of Katowice, Poland, announced the city's interest hosting the Games, becoming the first candidate city.[12][13] Soon after, Kazan, the capital of Tatarstan, Russia expressed its interest in hosting the 2023 Games and its intention to submit an application to the EOC.[14][15] Its bid would be made attractive by the fact the city built much sporting infrastructure when hosting the 2013 Summer Universiade and the 2015 FINA World Aquatics Championships and that a Russian bid has been supported by premier Vladimir Putin.[16][17]

In February 2019, the application deadline was extended by two months, until 30 April, due to "strong interest from across the continent".[18][19] In May 2019, after the extended deadline had passed, the EOC again postponed the deadline, this time until the 31 May.[20] No reason was given for the second extension.[20]

In May 2019, the Polish Olympic Committee announced that Kraków would replace Katowice as the Polish bid for the Games following the withdrawal of its bid for the 2022 Winter Olympics and the waning interest in Katowice.[21] The same month, EOC President Janez Kocijančič reiterated his expectation that the host for the 2023 Games would be chosen before the start of the 2019 European Games in Minsk on the 21 June 2019.[22]

After the deadline for bid submission passed on the 31 May 2019, the European Olympic Committees confirmed that only one formal bid had been completed, that of Kraków in collaboration with the province Małopolska.[23][24][25] The mayor of Kraków, Jacek Majchrowski, had previously said that the city might decline to run the Games without support from regional and national government.[26]

The official election of the European Games 2023 host took place at an EOC General Assembly in Minsk on 22 June 2019 where it was unanimously decided that Kraków and the surrounding Lesser Poland region would hold the Games.[27][28][29] The vote was by a show of hands.[30] The contract with the host city was signed on 17 May 2022.[31]

Votes results

2023 European Games bidding results
City Nation Votes
Kraków, Małopolska Poland Unanimous

Organisation

On 28 June 2019, six days after Kraków was awarded the Games, the EOC confirmed it had signed a letter of intent with the European Union of Gymnastics to include gymnastics in the upcoming Games.[32] In July 2019, Hasan Arat, the vice-president of the Turkish Olympic Committee, was named chair of the EOC's Co-ordination Commission for the 2023 Games.[33] He said he was "honoured and humbled by the decision".[33]

In October the same year, both the city of Kraków and the Małopolska region signed a letter of intent confirming their joint commitment to the hosting of the Games.[34] In March 2020, Kraków's mayor Jacek Majchrowski warned of cuts to the city budget and impacts on the tourism industry due to coronavirus which could impact the success of the Games.[35]

Funding

In February 2021, the Games faced a funding deadlock when the city of Kraków said it needed financial guarantees from the Polish government in order to proceed with the signing of the host city contract. A spokesperson of the office of the mayor of Kraków, Jacek Majchrowski, said that the city had agreed to host the Games "only on condition that the government subsidised the necessary infrastructure". Government organisers blamed the city's leadership, with Jacek Sasin saying that "Kraków is the organiser of the Games" and that the government is "ready" to support it.[36] Sasin said that the government would commit to sharing funding, but only after Kraków signed the host city contract.[37] However, Majchrowski said that he would not sign the agreement until the government has introduced legislation supporting the event's organisation, leading to suggestions that Katowice, the original bid city, and the Silesia region could end up hosting the Games.[37][38] In a statement, the EOC said they were "working closely with the organisers" and remained "confident" that Kraków would sign the host city contract.[39]

In early March 2021, the EOC entered into talks with Silesian officials to explore the possibility of the region co-hosting the event.[40] Kraków and the Polish government were reported to have come to an agreement over funding by the end of March 2021.[3]

The opening ceremony in Krakow
The Great Britain team at the European Games opening ceremony in Krakow

Opening ceremony

The opening ceremony was held at Stadion Miejski and ran from 20:30 to 23:45 CEST.

Games

Sports

The following competitions took place:

2023 European Games

In addition, the following sports as 'side events' (demonstration sports) are included on the official program:

Side Events at the 2023 European Games

Traditional Martial Arts:[59]

  1. Kurash
  2. Ukrainian Traditional Belt Wrestling
  3. Lithuanian Traditional Wrestling “Ristynės”
  4. Ukrainian Wrestling “SPAS”

An E-sport European Games, recognised by the EOC, is also being held alongside the Games, but does not form part of the Kraków 2023 program.

Calendar

OCOpening ceremony ●Event competitions 1Event finals CCClosing ceremony
June/July 20th
Tue		 21st
Wed		 22nd
Thu		 23rd
Fri		 24th
Sat		 25th
Sun		 26th
Mon		 27th
Tue		 28th
Wed		 29th
Thu		 30th
Fri		 1st
Sat		 2nd
Sun		 Total
events
       CeremoniesOCCC
Aquatics Artistic swimming ● 2 2 3 1 8
Diving 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 13
Archery ● 2 2 ● ● 2 2 8
Athletics ● ● ● 12 13 13 38
Badminton ● ● ● ● ● 2 3 5
Basketball (3x3) ● ● ● 2 2
Beach handball ● ● 2 2
Beach soccer ● ● ● ● 2 2
Boxing ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 7 6 13
Breaking ● 2 2
Canoeing Slalom 2 2 2 4 10
Sprint ● 4 6 6 16
Cycling BMX ● 2 2
Mountain biking 2 2
Fencing 2 2 2 2 2 2 12
Judo 1 1
Karate 6 6 12
Kickboxing ● ● 16 16
Modern pentathlon ● ● ● ● 1 4 5
Muaythai ● ● 10 10
Padel ● ● ● ● 3 3
Rugby sevens ● ● 2 2
Shooting 3 3 4 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 30
Ski jumping 1 2 1 1 5
Sport climbing 1 1 2 2 6
Table tennis ● ● ● 1 2 ● ● ● 2 5
Taekwondo 4 4 4 4 16
Teqball ● 2 1 2 5
Triathlon 1 1 1 3
Daily medal events21363834122591392631254
Cumulative total215795129141166175188197223254
June/July 20th
Tue		 21st
Wed		 22nd
Thu		 23rd
Fri		 24th
Sat		 25th
Sun		 26th
Mon		 27th
Tue		 28th
Wed		 29th
Thu		 30th
Fri		 1st
Sat		 2nd
Sun		 Total
events

Venues

Events took place in the city of Kraków, the surrounding Lesser Poland Voivodeship region and in Bielsko-Biała and Chorzów in the neighbouring Silesian Voivodeship.

Stadion Miejski in Kraków hosted the opening and closing ceremonies
Stadion Śląski in Chorzów hosted athletics
Tauron Arena Kraków
Kraków Main Square
Kraków-Kolna Canoe Slalom Course
Kryspinów Lake
Wielka Krokiew

Kraków (twelve sports)

VenueSports
Stadion MiejskiOpening and closing ceremonies and Rugby 7
Cracovia ArenaBasketball 3×3
Hutnik ArenaTable tennis
Kraków-Kolna Canoe Slalom CourseCanoe slalom
Kryspinów WaterwayCanoe sprint
Płaszowianka Archery ParkArchery
Tauron Arena KrakówFencing
AWF Sports CentreModern pentathlon
Krakow MainsquareTeqball and Padel
Cracovia HallKickboxing

Krzeszowice (one sport)

VenueSports
Krzeszowice BMX ParkCycling BMX Freestyle

Chorzów (one sport)

VenueSports
Stadion ŚląskiAthletics

Krynica-Zdrój (four sports)

VenueSports
Krynica-Zdrój Hill ParkMountain bike cycling
Krynica-Zdrój ArenaJudo and Taekwondo

Bielsko-Biała (one sport)

VenueSports
Dębowiec Sports ArenaKarate

Oświęcim (one sport)

VenueSports
Aquatics CentreArtistic swimming

Rzeszów (one sport)

VenueSports
Diving ArenaDiving

Tarnów (four sports)

VenueSports
Hala UniiBadminton
Tarnów Beach ArenaBeach handball and Beach soccer
Tarnów Climbing CentreSport climbing

Wrocław (one sport)

VenueSports
Wrocław Shooting CentreShooting

Zakopane (one sport)

VenueSports
Średnia KrokiewSki jumping (normal hill)
Wielka KrokiewSki jumping (large hill)

Nowy Targ (one sport)

VenueSports
Nowy Targ ArenaBoxing

Participating National Olympic Committees

The following 48 National Olympic Committees participated, along with the EOC Refugee Team:[60]

Participating National Olympic Committees

*As a result of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the European Olympic Committees has taken a decision to not invite athletes from Russia and Belarus to the European Games.[67]

Medal table

  *   Host nation (Poland)

2023 European Games medal table[68]
RankNOCGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 Italy352639100
2 Spain21171957
3 Ukraine2112841
4 Germany20162763
5 France17192662
6 Poland*13191850
7 Great Britain12102749
8 Hungary10101838
9 Turkey992038
10 Netherlands86519
11 Czech Republic7101128
12 Austria76619
13 Switzerland751224
14 Denmark75517
15 Romania66517
16 Norway64515
17 Croatia54413
18 Ireland44513
19 Georgia4239
20 Slovenia38213
21 Portugal37616
22 Serbia36716
23 Bulgaria34512
24 Azerbaijan32611
25 Latvia3227
26 Sweden27514
27 Greece251017
28 Belgium25613
29 Lithuania2248
30 Finland2158
31 Estonia2103
32 Albania2002
33 Slovakia1438
34 Israel1135
35 Moldova1012
36 Cyprus0325
37 Armenia0123
38 Luxembourg0112
39 Bosnia and Herzegovina0101
 Monaco0101
 North Macedonia0101
Totals (41 entries)254253333840

Marketing

Emblem

The official emblem of the games was unveiled on 21 June 2022, exactly one year before the opening ceremony. Designed by Marcin Salawa the emblem depicts a flame containing the towers of St. Mary's Basilica, to represent the city of Kraków and the Tatra Mountains, to represent the landscape of the Małopolska region. The colours, taken from the coats of arms of Kraków, and Małopolska, represent fire and water. Fire is said to symbolise action, will, energy, while water symbolises spirituality, emotions and purification.[69][70]

Motto

The official motto of the games is We are Unity, Polish: Jesteśmy jednością, lit. 'We are One'.

Mascot

“Sandra” and “Krakusek”, mascots, the official mascots

“Krakusek” the dragon and “Sandra” the salamander have been chosen as the official mascots for the European Games Kraków-Małopolska 2023.[71] The initiative, which received over 2,400 entries, was open to young people aged 5–15 across the continent. The dragon design by 15-year-old Katarzyna Biśta from Libiąż references the local culture and history of Kraków. Alongside Krakusek, the creation of the black and gold salamander by 10-year-old Gloria Goryl from Wojnicz portrays the fire salamander which can be found in south Poland.[71]

Promotion

Sponsors

On 6 July 2021, Atos has been selected by the European Olympic Committees as its official Digital Technology Partner for the 2023 and 2027 editions of the European Games. As part of this partnership, Atos, long-standing supporter of the Olympic Movement, and EOC, the governing body for Europe's 50 National Olympic Committees, will work together to improve fan engagement.[72] On November 14 2022, representatives of LaLiga and the European Games Organising Committee signed a cooperation agreement to mutually promote sports events and organisations.[73]

General Sponsor PKN Orlen
Main Partners Atos, La Liga, President of Poland, Lotto, MARR, Realme, Tauron Group
Media Patrons RMF, WP

Broadcasting rights

50 countries around the world will broadcast the European Games.[74]

^1 – Included nations are Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela.

Controversies

Former LGBT ideology-free zone

The region of Małopolska, to which the Games were jointly awarded, declared itself an LGBT ideology-free zone in 2019.[75] In August 2020, the Lord Provost of Edinburgh Frank Ross wrote to Kraków's mayor Jacek Majchrowski to confirm the city's opposition to homophobia after calls for a "serious rethink" of the two cities' twinning relationship.[76] In September 2020, a group of European politicians (including Liz Barker, a member of the House of Lords and Terry Reintke and Marc Angel, two MEPs) published a letter addressed to the European Olympic Committees in which they demanded LGBT rights be respected and suggested that the Games should be held in a different location due to the Małopolska region's status.[77][78][79] Flemish sports minister Ben Weyts said the region's LGBT-free zone declaration is "incompatible with the values of the Olympic Charter" and that Olympic Committees should not support bids from such regions.[80] The EOC responded, saying that there would be "no discrimination of any kind" and that the Olympic Charter would be respected.[81] The Małopolska region revoked its declaration of an LGBT ideology-free zone on 27 September 2021 and instead adopted a resolution to "oppose any discrimination against anyone for any reason".[82]

Status of Russian and Belarusian athletes

The Polish government has announced that athletes representing Russia and Belarus would not be attending the games as a result of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.[83]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Pavitt, Michael (13 September 2020). "Ski jumping and mountain running included on preliminary programme for 2023 European Games". Inside the Games. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
  2. 1 2 "European Games 2023". European Games. Retrieved 27 July 2021.
  3. 1 2 Mike Rowbottom (21 March 2021). "Key issues for 2023 European Games staging agreed between hosts Kraków and Polish Government". Inside the Games. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
  4. ↑ "Malopolska region and the city of Krakow to host 3rd European Games in 2023". The European Games. 22 June 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2019.
  5. ↑ Morgan, Liam (15 September 2021). "Most Olympic sports at 2023 European Games to offer qualification opportunities for Paris 2024". InsideTheGames.biz. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
  6. ↑ McDaid, David (27 June 2015). "European Games: Manchester show interest in being 2023 hosts". BBC. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  7. ↑ Kirby, Dean (28 June 2015). "Manchester could bid to host European Games in 2023, claims the event's most senior figure". Manchester Evening News. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  8. ↑ Pavitt, Michael (14 May 2018). "EOC open to multiple countries hosting European Games". Inside the Games. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  9. ↑ "EOC launches Candidature Process for 2023 European Games". European Olympic Committee. 20 September 2018. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  10. ↑ "2023 European Games Bid Document sent to 50 European NOCs". Minsk 2019. 26 September 2018. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  11. ↑ "EOC Launches 2023 European Games Bid Process". Around the Rings. 9 September 2018. Archived from the original on 17 May 2019. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  12. ↑ Zasada, Marcin (19 January 2019). "Igrzyska Europejskie w 2023 roku w Katowicach? A może w metropolii? "Myślimy nad kandydaturą"". Dziennik Zachodni (in Polish). Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  13. ↑ Pavitt, Michael (21 January 2019). "Katowice emerges as first contender to host 2023 European Games as Polish city hold talks with EOC". Inside the Games. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  14. ↑ "Russia Bidding for 2023 European Games". Around the Rings. 31 January 2019. Archived from the original on 17 May 2019. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  15. ↑ "WADA's vote to reinstate Russia's anti-doping body is a farce". The Economist. 26 September 2018. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  16. ↑ "Russia's Kazan to bid for 3rd European Games 2023". BELTA. 30 January 2019. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  17. ↑ Morgan, Liam (30 January 2019). "Kazan set to bid for 2023 European Games". Inside the Games. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  18. ↑ "European Games 2023 – deadline for bid submissions extended". European Olympic Committees. 8 February 2019. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  19. ↑ Pavitt, Michael (8 February 2019). "EOC extend bid submission deadline for 2023 European Games until April 30". Inside the Games. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  20. 1 2 Barker, Phillip (4 May 2019). "EOC extend 2023 European Games bid submission deadline for a second time". Inside the Games. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  21. ↑ Morgan, Liam (11 May 2019). "Kraków replaces Katowice as Polish candidate to host 2023 European Games". Inside the Games. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  22. ↑ Rowbottom, Mike (17 May 2019). "EOC President Kocijančič aiming for European Games flag to go "from hand to hand" between Minsk and 2023 hosts". Inside the Games. Retrieved 19 May 2019.
  23. ↑ "3rd European Games in 2023 look set for Poland". European Olympic Committees. 6 June 2019. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
  24. ↑ Etchells, Daniel (6 June 2019). "Poland set to stage 2023 European Games". Inside the Games. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
  25. ↑ "Igrzyska Europejskie w 2023 roku. Kraków i Małopolska jedynymi kandydatami". Interia Sport (in Polish). 6 June 2019. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
  26. ↑ "Krakow to host 2023 European Games". Krakow Post. 23 June 2019. Retrieved 14 September 2019.
  27. ↑ "Poland set to host 2023 European Games". SportBusiness. 6 June 2019. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
  28. ↑ "Poland bids to host 3rd European Games 2023". BelTA. 7 June 2019. Retrieved 20 June 2019.
  29. ↑ "Nächste European Games in Krakau". Sport1 (in German). 22 June 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2019.
  30. ↑ "EOC General Assembly unanimously vote Kraków and the Małopolska region as 2023 European Games hosts". insidethegames.biz. 22 June 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2019.
  31. ↑ Lloyd, Owen (17 May 2022). "Host city contract signed in Warsaw for 2023 European Games". InsideTheGames.biz. Retrieved 17 May 2022.
  32. ↑ Rowbottom, Mike (28 June 2019). "Gymnastics to be on programme at 2023 European Games, EOC announces". Inside the Games. Retrieved 14 January 2020.
  33. 1 2 Etchells, Daniel (25 July 2019). "Turkey's Arat appointed chair of EOC Coordination Commission for 2023 European Games". Inside the Games. Retrieved 14 August 2019.
  34. ↑ Gillen, Nancy (24 October 2019). "Kraków and Małopolska region agree 2023 European Games collaboration framework". Inside the Games. Retrieved 14 January 2020.
  35. ↑ Michael Pavitt (23 March 2020). "European Games host Kraków expecting city budget losses over coronavirus". Inside the Games. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
  36. ↑ Dan Palmer (22 February 2021). "Kraków and Polish Government in dispute over 2023 European Games funding". Inside the Games. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  37. 1 2 Angelika Pitoń (20 February 2021). "Sasin krytycznie o prezydencie Majchrowskim. "Rząd nie będzie wyręczać Krakowa w organizacji igrzysk"". Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish). Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  38. ↑ Ben Koschalka (24 February 2021). "Doubts over 2023 European Games as host city Kraków spars with government over financing". Notes from Poland. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  39. ↑ Dan Palmer (25 February 2021). "EOC "confident" Kraków will sign host city contract for 2023 European Games amid funding deadlock". Inside the Games. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  40. ↑ Geoff Berkeley (9 March 2021). "Silesia to join Kraków and Małopolska in staging 2023 European Games". Inside the Games. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
  41. 1 2 Geoff Berkeley (26 February 2021). "Muaythai to make European Games debut at Kraków-Małopolska 2023". Inside the Games. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  42. ↑ "European Athletics Team Championships added to European Games 2023". European Olympic Committees. 27 October 2021.
  43. ↑ Michael Houston (19 January 2021). "EOC adds badminton to 2023 European Games programme". Inside The Games. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
  44. ↑ Liam Morgan (17 May 2021). "EOC confirms addition of 3x3 basketball to Kraków-Małopolska 2023 European Games". Inside The Games. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
  45. 1 2 Neil Shefferd (21 December 2020). "Karate and beach handball latest sports confirmed on 2023 European Games programme". Inside The Games. Retrieved 26 December 2020.
  46. 1 2 "20 sports now confirmed for European Games 2023 with addition of beach soccer and kickboxing". European Olympic Committees. 30 August 2021.
  47. 1 2 Neil Shefferd (1 February 2021). "Boxing and shooting latest sports to join 2023 European Games programme". Inside the Games. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  48. ↑ "Europe's best breakers to compete at 2023 European Games". European Olympic Committees. 6 September 2021.
  49. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 "Canoeing, taekwondo, modern pentathlon earn 2023 European Games spots". Reuters. 18 December 2020. Retrieved 26 December 2020.
  50. ↑ "Cycling joins European Games 2023 with two disciplines". Around the Rings. 22 April 2021. Archived from the original on 25 April 2021. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  51. ↑ "Fencing returns to European Games programme in 2023". European Olympic Committees. 9 September 2021.
  52. ↑ "Judo returns to European Games with Mixed Team European Championships". European Olympic Committees. 1 September 2021.
  53. ↑ "Padel to make multi-sport games debut at Kraków-Malopolska 2023". European Olympic Committees. 7 June 2021.
  54. ↑ "EOC and Rugby Europe announce the introduction of rugby 7s in the European Games 2023". European Olympic Committees. 4 July 2022.
  55. ↑ "Innovative events programme continues with inclusion of summer ski jumping for European Games 2023". European Olympic Committees. 7 June 2021.
  56. 1 2 Geoff Berkeley (31 March 2021). "Sport climbing and triathlon added to Kraków-Małopolska 2023 European Games programme". Inside The Games. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  57. ↑ "Table tennis officially confirmed for 2023 European Games". Inside the Games. 27 June 2021.
  58. ↑ Mike Rowbottom (28 May 2021). "Teqball to make debut appearance at European Games 2023 in Kraków-Małopolska". Inside the Games. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
  59. ↑ "Traditional Martial Arts".
  60. ↑ "Participating Countries – European Games 2023". Retrieved 2023-04-07.
  61. ↑ Charlotte Worthington and Joe Choong among 177 athletes announced for Krakow 2023 European Games
  62. ↑ TEAM IRELAND
  63. ↑ Paaiškėjo galutinė Lietuvos rinktinės sudėtis: į Europos žaidynes vyks 131 sportininkas
  64. ↑ "Refugee Team at the European Games". 26 April 2023.
  65. ↑ #TEAMESP DELEGACION ESPAÑOLA
  66. ↑ Team Türkiye Avrupa Oyunları’nda 193 Sporcu ile Yarışacak
  67. ↑ "European Games without athletes from Russia and Belarus". european-games.org. March 29, 2023. Retrieved 5 April 2023.
  68. ↑ "Medal Standings". european-games.org. Retrieved 2 July 2023.
  69. ↑ "EOC marks one year countdown to European Games 2023 – Polski Komitet Olimpijski". 7 September 2022.
  70. ↑ "The logo of the European Games Krakow - Małopolska 2023 was presented".
  71. 1 2 ""KRAKUSEK" THE DRAGON AND "SANDRA" THE SALAMANDER SELECTED AS EUROPEAN GAMES KRAKÓW-MAŁOPOLSKA 2023 MASCOTS". European Olympic Committees. 19 October 2022.
  72. ↑ "Atos to deliver secure digital services to European Games 2023 and 2027". Atos. 6 July 2021.
  73. ↑ "EUROPEAN GAMES OFFICIALLY SUPPORTED BY LALIGA!". European Games Kraków– Małopolska 2023. 14 November 2022.
  74. ↑ "50 countries around the world with broadcasting rights to the European Games". Krakow 2023. 6 June 2023. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
  75. ↑ Bil Browning (12 October 2020). "Why does the Olympics keep choosing to reward the most anti-LGBTQ countries?". LGBTQ Nation. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
  76. ↑ Emma Powys Maurice (4 August 2020). "Edinburgh mayor urges Polish city Krakow to defend LGBT+ rights amid calls for 'serious rethink' on twinning relationship". PinkNews. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
  77. ↑ "Igrzyska Europejskie 2023. Europosłowie przeciwni organizacji zawodów sportowych w "homofobicznej" Małopolsce" (in Polish). 23 September 2020. Retrieved 2020-09-24.
  78. ↑ Emma Powys Maurice (9 October 2020). "Politicians condemn Olympics committee over decision to hold European Games in Polish 'LGBT-free zone'". PinkNews. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
  79. ↑ Rachel Savage (9 October 2020). "Lawmakers criticise hosting of 2023 Games in Polish 'LGBT-free zone'". Reuters. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
  80. ↑ Alan Hope (8 October 2020). "Weyts attacks choice of LGBT-free Kraków to host European Games". Brussels Times. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
  81. ↑ Michael Pavitt (13 October 2020). "EOC claims rights will be respected at 2023 European Games amid criticism over Poland's LGBT-free zones". Inside the Games. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
  82. ↑ "Three Polish regions scrap anti-LGBT resolutions". BBC. 27 September 2021. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
  83. ↑ "Polish president Duda hails a European Games without Russia". Associated Press. 3 April 2023. Retrieved 3 April 2023.
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