Jabodebek LRT
Jabodebek LRT departing at Dukuh Atas station
Jabodebek LRT departing at Dukuh Atas station
Overview
OwnerDirectorate General of Railways (DJKA) of the Ministry of Transportation
Area servedJakarta, Bogor, Depok, Bekasi
LocaleGreater Jakarta,[1] Indonesia
Transit typeLight rapid transit
Number of lines2
Number of stations18 (first phase)
Daily ridership87.852[2]
HeadquartersJatimulya, Bekasi
Websitelrtjabodebek.adhi.co.id
Operation
Began operationAugust 28, 2023 (2023-08-28)
Operator(s) Kereta Api Indonesia
CharacterElevated
Number of vehicles31 six-car PT INKA trainsets
Headway10 minutes (peak)
20 minutes (off-peak)[3]
Technical
System length44.5 km (27.7 mi) (first phase)
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification750 V DC third rail
Top speed90 km/h (56 mph)

The Jabodebek LRT or Greater Jakarta LRT is a light rapid transit system in Greater Jakarta,[4] the capital city of Indonesia, as well as the adjacent areas of West Java,[5] within the Jakarta Metropolitan area. It was implemented by the central government, and operated by Kereta Api Indonesia (KAI), the system connects the Jakarta city center with suburbs in Greater Jakarta such as Bogor, Depok and Bekasi, hence its acronym Jabodebek.[6]

Operation of the Jabodebek LRT was initially targeted to begin in 2019. However, the line was hampered by numerous delays. It commenced official commercial operations on 28 August 2023.[7]

Background

Harjamukti Station Platform

The Jabodebek light rapid transit project is aimed to tackle Jakarta's high road traffic congestion. The northern section of the LRT project partly replaces the Jakarta Monorail project which has been cancelled.[8]

The monorail project in Jakarta was planned since the early 2000s. Construction commenced in 2004 but immediately stalled due to insufficient funding. In 2005 the initial pylons were constructed. However, the project was abandoned altogether in 2008, leaving the unfinished pylons blocking the main roads. The monorail line design, including the Green loop line and Blue line gained criticism as it only connected shopping malls in Jakarta's city center and would not connect to Jakarta's suburbs which desperately need transportation infrastructure, and thus would not be useful for Jakartan commuters. Transportation experts deemed that the city center monorail project would not address Jakarta's traffic problems, but would only serve as a novelty tourists' ride.[9] To answer the need for commuter infrastructure, a consortium of five state owned enterprises, led by PT Adhi Karya (previously part of the Jakarta Monorail consortium), proposed the construction of a 39.036 km (24.256 mi) monorail line connecting Cibubur-Cawang-Kuningan and Bekasi-Cawang across Greater Jakarta.[10] The line will connect the 'Green' and 'Blue' lines originally planned by PT Jakarta Monorail to Jakarta's suburbs Cibubur and Bekasi.[11]

In 2013, the Jakarta monorail project was revived and relaunched. In mid-2014 however, the project was stalled after a disagreement between PT Jakarta Monorel, the developer/operator, and the Jakarta Municipal Government over land acquisition for the depot as well as the station designs.[12] Following the disagreements, by 2015 the Jakarta Municipal Government terminated its contract with PT Jakarta Monorel; thus monorail project was disbanded altogether. The numerous stalled monorail support poles will be used by state-owned construction company PT Adhi Karya to develop Jakarta's light rail transit instead.[8] The shift of choice from monorail to a traditional rapid transit system was based on several considerations; compared to monorail, LRT has higher passenger capacity, simpler intersection and switching system, and cheaper maintenance cost.

Incidents

  • A collision of two set of trains occurred during testing phase on 25 October 2021 between Harjamukti station and Ciracas station. Neither train was occupied with passengers.[13] As a result, the two trainsets involved in the collision were badly damaged, and the driver who was driving the train suffered minor injuries.[14][15] The NTSC said that the cause of this incident was human error due to the engineer playing with a cellphone.[16]
  • On 30 August 2023, the system's third day of operations, several losses of power caused passengers to be trapped inside stopped trains with no air conditioning.[17]

Lines

In 2015, it was announced that the Indonesian Cabinet Secretary has endorsed the plan to build three light rail transit lines.[18][19] Total investment cost of this project is estimated to reach 23.8 trillion rupiah (1.8 billion US dollars).[20]

There are two lines on the system:

  • Cibubur Line (Dukuh Atas–Harjamukti) (initially Cawang–Harjamukti)[21]
    • Station names: Dukuh Atas – Setiabudi – Rasuna Said – Kuningan – Pancoran – Cikoko – Ciliwung – Cawang – Taman Mini – Kampung Rambutan – Ciracas – Harjamukti
  • Bekasi Line (Dukuh Atas–Jatimulya) (initially Cawang–Jatimulya)[21]
    • Station names: Dukuh Atas – Setiabudi – Rasuna Said – Kuningan – Pancoran – Cikoko – Ciliwung – Cawang – Jatibening Baru – Cikunir 1 – Cikunir 2 – Bekasi Barat – Jatimulya

Technically there are three line segments built (with Dukuh Atas – Cawang segment counted as a separate line),[21] however only two lines would be operated.

The construction phase of extension for the planned route Grogol–Pesing–Rawa Buaya–Kamal Raya–Dadap–Soekarno–Hatta International Airport was proposed, but was not mentioned in the Presidential Regulation No. 98 of 2015 which sets the legal framework for state funding.[19]

Phase 1

Phase 1 of the construction consists the entirety of Line 2 (Cawang–Bekasi Timur), part of Line 1 (Cibubur–Cawang–Baranangsiang) and Line 3 (Cawang-Dukuh Atas-Senayan). The first phase will cost 11.9 trillion rupiah (approx. USD 903.6 million). It will be 43.3 kilometres (26.9 mi) long, consisting of 18 stations.[22]

  • Phase 1A (Cibubur–Cawang–Dukuh Atas): 24.8 km (15.4 mi)
  • Phase 1B (Cawang–Bekasi Timur): 18.5 km (11.5 mi)

Construction of Phase 1 began on 9 September 2015 and was initially predicted to be operational by early 2018, in time for the 2018 Asian Games. However, due to funding, restructuring and land acquisition issues, the project has failed to meet the deadline.

As of August 2021, construction progress has reached 86.57% (93.88% for Cibubur–Cawang, 86.87% for Cawang–Dukuh Atas and 91.58% for Cawang–Bekasi Timur).

The LRT's public free trial run, similar to the Jakarta MRT, is planned started on 12 July 2023, with commercial operations slated to begin on 17 August 2023.[23] The trial lasted until 17 July, before it was halted for a software upgrade.[24]

Phase 2

Phase 2 will extend Line 1 southwards, from Cibubur to Bogor Baranangsiang, and also extending from the other end from Dukuh Atas to Palmerah and Senayan. It is currently in the planning stage.[25]

Ridership

Passengers at the concourse of the Dukuh Atas LRT Station

The system carried 6,475 passengers on its opening day, 96,426 passengers within four days of opening,[26] and over 620,000 passengers by 13 September.[27] The Indonesian Ministry of Transport set a target of 120,000 daily passengers in the short term, and 500,000 within the medium term.[28] On 16 September, the amount of daily trips was increased from 158 to 202, with extended operating hours.[27] However, ridership keeps declining to 34,382 in mid-October due to the end of promotional fare of Rp 5,000 and decreased trips due to the maintenance process for 15 of the 31 available trainsets.[29]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Tangerang Raya is excluded
  2. ↑ "Sebulan Beroperasi, LRT Jabodebek Angkut 1,46 Juta Penumpang". ekonomi.bisnis.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 12 December 2023.
  3. ↑ "Kemenhub: Jarak Keberangkatan Antar-LRT Jabodebek Tiap 10-20 Menit". Detik news. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
  4. ↑ "Jakarta Jabodebek light metro line opening confirmed for June 2023". railjournal.com. Retrieved 13 October 2022.
  5. ↑ Only cover Bekasi (City and Regency), Depok, and Bogor (City and Regency)
  6. ↑ "Rencana LRT di Jakarta". Kompas (in Indonesian). Jakarta. 11 September 2015. Archived from the original on 11 October 2015. Retrieved 21 September 2015.
  7. ↑ "LRT Jabodebek Akan Diresmikan 28 Agustus". cnnindonesia.com (in Indonesian). 22 August 2023. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
  8. 1 2 "Ahok confirms cancellation of monorail project". The Jakarta Post. Jakarta. 10 September 2015. Retrieved 21 September 2015.
  9. ↑ Wiji Nurhayat (27 October 2012). "Monorel Lebih Cocok Untuk Angkutan Wisata". Detik Finance (in Indonesian). Retrieved 21 September 2015.
  10. ↑ "Adhi Karya Bangun Monorel Cibubur-Cawang-Kuningan". Investor Daily. Archived from the original on 2019-09-06. Retrieved 2015-09-22.
  11. ↑ "State Firms Propose Jakarta Monorail Extension". Jakarta Globe. May 6, 2013.
  12. ↑ Syailendra (16 October 2013). "Begini Desain Stasiun Monorel Jakarta" (in Indonesian). Retrieved 27 September 2015.
  13. ↑ "LRT Jabodebek Tabrakan, Masinis Alami Luka Ringan". Kompas.com (in Indonesian). 25 October 2013. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
  14. ↑ Media, Kompas Cyber (2021-10-25). "LRT Jabodebek Tabrakan, Masinis Alami Luka Ringan". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-03-02.
  15. ↑ "Beredar Video LRT Jabodebek Kecelakaan di Kawasan Munjul, Jakarta Timur". Bisnis.com (in Indonesian). 2021-10-25. Retrieved 2022-03-02.
  16. ↑ Sandi, Ferry. "Fakta-Fakta LRT Jabodebek Tabrakan Gegara Teknisi 'Main' HP". CNBC Indonesia (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-03-02.
  17. ↑ "Baru Tiga Hari Beroperasi, LRT Jabodebek Mati Listrik Hingga Berhenti Tiba-Tiba". Republika (in Indonesian). 30 August 2023. Retrieved 30 August 2023.
  18. ↑ "The acceleration of the implementation of light rail transit in the region of Jakarta, Bogor, Depok dan Bekasi" (PDF). Indonesian Cabinet Secretary. 2 September 2015. Retrieved 2 October 2015.
  19. 1 2 "The acceleration of the implementation of light rail transit in the region of Jakarta, Bogor, Depok dan Bekasi" (PDF). Indonesian Cabinet Secretary. 2 September 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 October 2015. Retrieved 2 October 2015.
  20. ↑ "Besok, Proyek LRT Akan Dimulai". Kompas.com (in Indonesian). 8 September 2015.
  21. 1 2 3 Keputusan Menteri Perhubungan Republik Indonesia Nomor KM 207 Tahun 2019 Tentang Penetapan Trase Jalur Kereta Api Ringan atau Light Rail Transit Terintegrasi di Wilayah Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, dan Bekasi (PDF) (in Indonesian).
  22. ↑ Raditya Margi (9 September 2015). "Jokowi kicks off LRT construction". The Jakarta Post. Jakarta. Retrieved 21 September 2015.
  23. ↑ Rizky, Martyasari. "Beroperasi 12 Juli, Ini Dia Bocoran Tarif LRT Jabodebek". CNBC Indonesia (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2023-04-18.
  24. ↑ Bhwana, Petir Garda (17 July 2023). "LRT Jabodebek Halts Public Trial Run". Tempo. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  25. ↑ "Sah! LRT Jabodebek Sampai Baranangsiang, Pemkot Kaji Sistem Transportasinya". Radar Bogor. Retrieved 3 January 2020.
  26. ↑ "Jumlah Penumpang LRT Jabodebek Terus Meningkat dari Hari ke Hari". Republika (in Indonesian). 1 September 2023. Retrieved 3 September 2023.
  27. 1 2 "LRT Jabodebek tambah jumlah perjalanan mulai 16 September". Antara News (in Indonesian). 15 September 2023. Retrieved 16 September 2023.
  28. ↑ "Kemenhub Yakin Target 120 Ribu Penumpang LRT Jabodebek per Hari Tercapai". Kumparan (in Indonesian). 3 September 2023. Retrieved 3 September 2023.
  29. ↑ Yuliani, Putri Anisa (23 October 2023). "Jumlah Penumpang LRT Jabodebek Menurun Imbas Pembatalan 28 Perjalanan" (in Indonesian). metrotvnews.com. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
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