4th Mounted Division
2nd Cyclist Division
Active20 March 1916 – 16 November 1916
Country United Kingdom
Branch British Army
TypeYeomanry then Cyclist
SizeDivision
HeadquartersColchester then Ipswich
ServiceWorld War I
Commanders
Notable
commanders		Lord Lovat

The 4th Mounted Division was a short-lived Yeomanry Division of the British Army active during World War I. It was formed on 20 March 1916, converted to 2nd Cyclist Division in July 1916 and broken up on 16 November 1916. It remained in England on Home Defence duties throughout its existence.[1]

History

4th Mounted Division

The 4th Mounted Division was formed on 20 March 1916 from three 2nd Line[lower-alpha 1] mounted brigades (2/1st Eastern, 2/1st South Eastern and 2/1st South Western) and the new 2/1st Southern Mounted Brigade. The Headquarters was at Colchester[5] and Brigadier-General (Major-General from 26 May) Lord Lovat was appointed to command.[6] The brigades were stationed at Wivenhoe, Canterbury, Kelvedon and Manningtree; they were numbered as 13th, 14th, 15th and 16th Mounted Brigades, respectively, on 31 March.[4] Being formed relatively late, it did not appear to suffer the same organizational problems (lack of equipment and personnel) as other 2nd Line divisions, for example the 1st and 2/2nd Mounted Divisions.[5]

2nd Cyclist Division

In July 1916 there was a major reorganization of 2nd Line yeomanry units in the United Kingdom. All but 12 regiments were converted to cyclists:[4] the rest were dismounted, handed over their horses to the remount depots and were issued with bicycles. The 4th Mounted Division was reorganized as the 2nd Cyclist Division, now commanding the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th Cyclist Brigades.[6] On reorganisation, 14th Mounted Brigade – with 2/1st Hertfordshire, 2/1st Queen's Own West Kent and 2/1st Essex Yeomanry – was posted to the new 1st Mounted Division (3rd Mounted Division redesignated) where it formed the new 3rd Mounted Brigade and remained mounted.[7] In exchange, the 10th Mounted Brigade (2/1st South Midland) joined as the 8th Cyclist Brigade.[8]

The Headquarters remained at Colchester and the brigades at Wivenhoe, Kelvedon, Manningtree and West Malling. It was assigned to the Southern Army, Home Defence Troops,[5] and Lord Lovat remained in command.[6] The Headquarters moved to Ipswich in September 1916 and the brigade were now at Wivenhoe, Wingham, Woodbridge and Ipswich.[5]

A further reorganization in November 1916 saw the 2nd Cyclist Division broken up. The cyclist brigades were dispersed and the yeomanry regiments were amalgamated in pairs to form Yeomanry Cyclist Regiments in new cyclist brigades. The division had remained in England on Home Defence duties throughout its brief existence.[5]

Orders of battle

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ In accordance with the Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907 (7 Edw. 7, c.9) which brought the Territorial Force into being, the TF was intended to be a home defence force for service during wartime and members could not be compelled to serve outside the country. However, on the outbreak of war on 4 August 1914, many members volunteered for Imperial Service. Therefore, TF units were split into 1st Line (liable for overseas service) and 2nd Line (home service for those unable or unwilling to serve overseas) units.[2] 2nd Line units performed the home defence role, although in fact most of these were also posted abroad in due course.[3] Likewise, existing pre-war formations (brigades and divisions) formed duplicate 2nd Lines with the same structure as their 1st Line parents.[4]
  2. ↑ 2/1st Berkshire Royal Horse Artillery was attached to 7th Cyclist Brigade from September 1916 until the division was broken up.[7]
  3. ↑ 2/1st Nottinghamshire Royal Horse Artillery was attached to 8th Cyclist Brigade from September 1916 until the division was broken up.[7]

References

  1. ↑ Becke 1936, pp. 27–30
  2. ↑ Rinaldi 2008, p. 35
  3. ↑ Baker, Chris. "Was my soldier in the Territorial Force (TF)?". The Long, Long Trail. Retrieved 19 February 2015.
  4. 1 2 3 James 1978, p. 36
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Becke 1936, p. 30
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Becke 1936, p. 27
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Becke 1936, p. 29
  8. 1 2 3 Becke 1936, p. 22
  9. 1 2 Becke 1936, p. 28
  10. ↑ Becke 1936, p. 20

Bibliography

  • Becke, Major A.F. (1936). Order of Battle of Divisions Part 2A. The Territorial Force Mounted Divisions and the 1st-Line Territorial Force Divisions (42-56). London: His Majesty's Stationery Office. ISBN 1-871167-12-4.
  • James, Brigadier E.A. (1978). British Regiments 1914–18. London: Samson Books Limited. ISBN 0-906304-03-2.
  • Rinaldi, Richard A (2008). Order of Battle of the British Army 1914. Takoma Park, Maryland: Tiger Lilly Books. ISBN 978-0-9776072-8-0.
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