1143 Odysseus
Discovery[1]
Discovered byK. Reinmuth
Discovery siteHeidelberg Obs.
Discovery date28 January 1930
Designations
(1143) Odysseus
Pronunciation/ˈdɪsəs/[2]
Named after
Odysseus Laertiades
(Greek mythology)[3]
1930 BH
Jupiter trojan[1][4][5]
Greek[6][7] · background[7]
AdjectivesOdysseian, Odyssian
Orbital characteristics[4]
Epoch 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc20.27 yr (7,404 d)
Aphelion5.7183 AU
Perihelion4.7805 AU
5.2494 AU
Eccentricity0.0893
12.03 yr (4,393 d)
183.79°
0° 4m 54.84s / day
Inclination3.1374°
221.28°
236.63°
Jupiter MOID0.0896 AU
TJupiter2.9890
Physical characteristics
Dimensions126 km × 126 km (occ.)[8][9]
Mean diameter
114.62±0.59 km[10]
125.64±3.7 km[11]
130.81±3.51 km[12]
10.029±0.001 h[13][lower-alpha 1]
10.079±0.194 h[14]
10.109±0.0036 h[15]
10.111±0.004 h[16]
10.1120±0.0005 h[17]
10.114±0.079 h[18]
10.125±0.005 h[19]
12 h (poor)[20]
0.050±0.007[10]
0.072±0.005[12]
0.0753±0.005[11]
D (Tholen)[4][5]
D (Bus–DeMeo)[21]
U–B = 0.241±030[4]
B–V = 0.794±038[4]
B–V = 0.740±0.030[17]
V–R = 0.480±0.020[17]
V–I = 0.860±0.015[5]
7.93[1][4][5][11][12]
8.111±0.001[15]
8.15±0.36[22]
8.57[10][17]

    1143 Odysseus /ˈdɪsəs/, provisional designation 1930 BH, is a large Jupiter trojan located in the Greek camp of Jupiter's orbit. It was discovered on 28 January 1930, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany,[1] and later named after Odysseus, the legendary hero from Greek mythology.[3] The dark D-type asteroid has a rotation period of 10.1 hours.[5] With a diameter of approximately 125 kilometers (78 miles), it is among the 10 largest Jovian trojans.

    Orbit and classification

    Odysseus is a dark Jovian asteroid orbiting in the leading Greek camp at Jupiter's L4 Lagrangian point, 60° ahead of the Gas Giant's orbit in a 1:1 resonance (see Trojans in astronomy).[6] It is a non-family asteroid in the Jovian background population.[7]

    It orbits the Sun at a distance of 4.8–5.7 AU once every 12 years (4,393 days; semi-major axis of 5.25 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.09 and an inclination of 3° with respect to the ecliptic.[4] As a Jupiter Trojan it is in a very stable orbit. Its closest approach to any major planet will be on 5 May 2083 when it will still be 3.104 AU (464,000,000 km; 289,000,000 mi) from Mars.[lower-alpha 2] The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg in February 1930, three weeks after its official discovery observation.[1]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after the ancient Greek hero Odysseus (Odysseus Laertiades) in Homer's epic poem Odyssey. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 107).[3] Another Jupiter trojan, 5254 Ulysses, is named after the Latin variant of Odysseus.

    Physical characteristics

    Odysseus is a dark D-type asteroid in both the Tholen classification and Bus–DeMeo classification.[8]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), Odysseus measures between 114.62 and 130.81 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.050 and 0.0753.[10][11][12]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.0753 and a diameter of 125.64 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 7.93.[5] In May 2005, an asteroid occultation gave a best-fit dimension of 126 km × 126 km for the major and minor axis of the occultation ellipse.[8][9]

    An estimated mean-diameter of 130, 125 and 114 kilometers measured by Akari, IRAS and WISE, makes Odysseus the 7th, 8th or 10th largest Jupiter Trojan, respectively.[lower-alpha 3]

    100+ largest Jupiter trojans
    Largest Jupiter Trojans by survey(A)
    (mean-diameter in kilometers; YoD: Year of Discovery)
    Designation H WISE IRAS Akari Ln RP V–I YoD Ref
    624 Hektor7.2225233230.99L46.920.9301907list
    617 Patroclus8.19140.362140.92140.85L5102.800.8301906list
    911 Agamemnon7.89131.038166.66185.30L46.590.9801919list
    588 Achilles8.67130.099135.47133.22L47.310.9401906list
    3451 Mentor8.4126.288116.30117.91L57.700.7701984list
    3317 Paris8.3118.790116.26120.45L57.090.9501984list
    1867 Deiphobus8.3118.220122.67131.31L558.660.9301971list
    1172 Äneas8.33118.020142.82148.66L58.710.9501930list
    1437 Diomedes8.3117.786164.31172.60L424.490.8101937list
    1143 Odysseus7.93114.624125.64130.81L410.110.8601930list
    2241 Alcathous8.64113.682114.63118.87L57.690.9401979list
    659 Nestor8.99112.320108.87107.06L415.980.7901908list
    3793 Leonteus8.7112.04686.2687.58L45.620.7801985list
    3063 Makhaon8.4111.655116.14114.34L48.640.8301983list
    1583 Antilochus8.6108.842101.62111.69L431.540.9501950list
    884 Priamus8.81101.09396.29119.99L56.860.9001917list
    1208 Troilus8.99100.477103.34111.36L556.170.7401931list
    1173 Anchises8.8999.549126.27120.49L511.600.7801930list
    2207 Antenor8.8997.65885.1191.32L57.970.9501977list
    2363 Cebriones9.1195.97681.8484.61L520.050.9101977list
    4063 Euforbo8.795.619102.46106.38L48.850.9501989list
    2357 Phereclos8.9494.62594.9098.45L514.390.9601981list
    4709 Ennomos8.591.43380.8580.03L512.280.6901988list
    2797 Teucer8.789.430111.14113.99L410.150.9201981list
    2920 Automedon8.888.574111.01113.11L410.210.9501981list
    15436 Dexius9.187.64685.7178.63L48.970.8701998list
    3596 Meriones9.287.38075.0973.28L412.960.8301985list
    2893 Peiroos9.2386.88487.4686.76L58.960.9501975list
    4086 Podalirius9.185.49586.8985.98L410.430.8701985list
    4060 Deipylos9.384.04379.2186.79L49.300.7601987list
    1404 Ajax9.383.99081.6996.34L429.380.9601936list
    4348 Poulydamas9.582.03270.0887.51L59.910.8401988list
    5144 Achates9.080.95891.9189.85L55.960.9201991list
    4833 Meges8.980.16587.3389.39L414.250.9401989list
    2223 Sarpedon9.4177.48094.63108.21L522.740.8801977list
    4489 Dracius9.076.59592.9395.02L412.580.9501988list
    2260 Neoptolemus9.3176.43571.6581.28L48.180.9501975list
    5254 Ulysses9.276.14778.3480.00L428.720.9701986list
    3708 Socus9.375.66179.5976.75L56.550.9801974list
    2674 Pandarus9.174.26798.10101.72L58.481.0001982list
    3564 Talthybius9.473.73068.9274.11L440.590.9001985list
    4834 Thoas9.172.33186.8296.21L418.190.9501989list
    7641 Cteatus9.471.83968.9775.28L427.770.9801986list
    3540 Protesilaos9.370.22576.8487.66L48.950.9401973list
    11395 Iphinous9.868.97764.7167.78L417.381998list
    4035 Thestor9.668.73368.2366.99L413.470.9701986list
    5264 Telephus9.468.47273.2681.38L49.530.9701991list
    1868 Thersites9.568.16370.0878.89L410.480.9601960list
    9799 Thronium9.668.03364.8772.42L421.520.9101996list
    4068 Menestheus9.567.62562.3768.46L414.400.9501973list
    23135 Pheidas9.966.23058.2968.50L48.690.8602000list
    2456 Palamedes9.365.91691.6699.60L47.240.9201966list
    3709 Polypoites9.165.29799.0985.23L410.041.0001985list
    1749 Telamon9.564.89881.0669.14L416.980.9701949list
    3548 Eurybates9.663.88572.1468.40L48.710.7301973list
    4543 Phoinix9.763.83662.7969.54L438.871.2001989list
    12444 Prothoon9.863.83564.3162.41L515.821996list
    4836 Medon9.563.27767.7378.70L49.820.9201989list
    16070 Charops9.763.19164.1368.98L520.240.9601999list
    15440 Eioneus9.662.51966.4871.88L421.430.9701998list
    4715 Medesicaste9.762.09763.9165.93L58.810.8501989list
    34746 Thoon9.861.68460.5163.63L519.630.9502001list
    38050 Bias9.861.60361.0450.44L418.850.9901998list
    5130 Ilioneus9.760.71159.4052.49L514.770.9601989list
    5027 Androgeos9.659.78657.86n.a.L411.380.9101988list
    6090 Aulis9.459.56874.5381.92L418.480.9801989list
    5648 Axius9.759.29563.91n.a.L537.560.9001990list
    7119 Hiera9.759.15076.4077.29L44000.9501989list
    4805 Asteropaios10.057.64753.1643.44L512.371990list
    16974 Iphthime9.857.34155.4357.15L478.90.9601998list
    4867 Polites9.857.25158.2964.29L511.241.0101989list
    2895 Memnon10.056.70655.67n.a.L57.500.7101981list
    4708 Polydoros9.954.96455.67n.a.L57.520.9601988list
    (21601) 1998 XO8910.054.90955.6756.08L412.650.9701998list
    12929 Periboea9.954.07761.0455.34L59.270.8801999list
    17492 Hippasos10.053.97555.67n.a.L517.751991list
    5652 Amphimachus10.153.92153.1652.48L48.371.0501992list
    2759 Idomeneus9.953.67661.0152.55L432.380.9101980list
    5258 Rhoeo10.253.27550.77n.a.L419.851.0101989list
    (12126) 1999 RM1110.153.202n.a.n.a.L5n.a. ?1999list
    (15502) 1999 NV2710.053.10055.6750.86L515.130.8751999list
    4754 Panthoos10.053.02553.1556.96L527.681977list
    4832 Palinurus10.052.05853.16n.a.L55.321.0001988list
    5126 Achaemenides10.551.92244.2248.57L453.021989list
    3240 Laocoon10.251.69550.77n.a.L511.310.8801978list
    4902 Thessandrus9.851.26361.0471.79L47380.9601989list
    11552 Boucolion10.151.13653.1653.91L532.441993list
    (20729) 1999 XS14310.450.96146.30n.a.L45.721.0001999list
    6545 Leitus10.150.95153.16n.a.L416.260.9101986list
    4792 Lykaon10.150.87053.16n.a.L540.090.9601988list
    21900 Orus10.050.81055.6753.87L413.450.9501999list
    1873 Agenor10.150.79953.7654.38L520.601971list
    5028 Halaesus10.250.77050.77n.a.L424.940.9001988list
    2146 Stentor9.950.75558.29n.a.L416.401976list
    4722 Agelaos10.050.37853.1659.47L518.440.9101977list
    5284 Orsilocus10.150.15953.16n.a.L410.310.9701989list
    11509 Thersilochos10.149.96053.1656.23L517.371990list
    5285 Krethon10.149.60658.5352.61L412.041.0901989list
    4791 Iphidamas10.149.52857.8559.96L59.701.0301988list
    9023 Mnesthus10.149.15150.7760.80L530.661988list
    5283 Pyrrhus9.748.35664.5869.93L47.320.9501989list
    4946 Askalaphus10.248.20952.7166.10L422.730.9401988list
    (22149) 2000 WD4910.248.19050.7750.37L47.841.0902000list
    (32496) 2000 WX18210.248.01750.7751.63L523.340.9502000list
    5120 Bitias10.247.98750.77n.a.L515.210.7801988list
    12714 Alkimos10.147.81961.0454.62L428.481991list
    7352 Hypsenor9.947.73155.67 47.07L56480.8501994list
    1870 Glaukos10.647.64942.23n.a.L55.991971list
    4138 Kalchas10.146.46253.1661.04L429.20.8101973list
    (23958) 1998 VD3010.246.00150.7747.91L45620.9901998list
    4828 Misenus10.445.95446.30 43.22L512.870.9201988list
    4057 Demophon10.145.68353.16n.a.L429.821.0601985list
    4501 Eurypylos10.445.52446.30n.a.L46.051989list
    4007 Euryalos10.345.51548.4853.89L46.391973list
    5259 Epeigeus10.344.74142.5944.42L418.421989list
    30705 Idaios10.444.54646.30n.a.L515.741977list
    16560 Daitor10.743.86151.4243.38L51991list
    (15977) 1998 MA1110.443.53046.3051.53L52500.9061998list
    7543 Prylis10.642.89342.23n.a.L417.801973list
    4827 Dares10.542.77044.22n.a.L519.001988list
    1647 Menelaus10.542.71644.22n.a.L417.740.8661957list
    (A) Used sources: WISE/NEOWISE catalog (NEOWISE_DIAM_V1 PDS, Grav, 2012); IRAS data (SIMPS v.6 catalog); and Akari catalog (Usui, 2011); RP: rotation period and V–I (color index) taken from the LCDB

    Note: missing data was completed with figures from the JPL SBDB (query) and from the LCDB (query form) for the WISE/NEOWISE and SIMPS catalogs, respectively. These figures are given in italics. Also, listing is incomplete above #100.

    Rotation period

    A large number of rotational lightcurves of Odysseus have been obtained since its first photometric observation by Richard Binzel in January 1988. In June 1994, the first accurate measurement of the asteroid's rotation period was made by Stefano Mottola using the former Bochum 0.61-metre Telescope at ESO's La Silla Observatory in northern Chile.[5][13][14][15][16][17][19][20]

    As of 2018, analysis of the best-rated lightcurve from observations by the Kepler space observatory during its K2 mission observing Campaign Field 6 in September 2015, gave a well-defined period of 10.114 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.20 magnitude (U=3).[5][18]

    Notes

    1. Lightcurve plot of (1143) Odysseus from 2014 by Robert Stephens at the Center for Solar System Studies (U81). Rotation period 10.029±0.001 hours with an amplitude of 0.15±0.02 mag. Quality code is 2+. Summary figures at the LCDB and CS3.
    2. "Observer Table for Asteroid 1143 Odysseus" obtained by using JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System (link), with Observer Location set to "Mars (body center) [500@499]".
    3. JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine: orbital class (TJN) and diameter > 50 (km) Archived 13 December 2012 at archive.today

    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 "1143 Odysseus (1930 BH)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
    2. "Odysseus". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary.
    3. 1 2 3 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1143) Odysseus". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 97. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1144. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1143 Odysseus (1930 BH)" (2018-04-17 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 30 May 2018.
    5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "LCDB Data for (1143) Odysseus". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 3 March 2018.
    6. 1 2 "List of Jupiter Trojans". Minor Planet Center. 2 February 2018. Retrieved 30 May 2018.
    7. 1 2 3 "Asteroid (1143) Odysseus – Proper elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 30 May 2018.
    8. 1 2 3 "Asteroid 1143 Odysseus". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 30 May 2018.
    9. 1 2 Dunham, D. W.; Herald, D.; Frappa, E.; Hayamizu, T.; Talbot, J.; Timerson, B. (June 2016). "Asteroid Occultations V14.0". NASA Planetary Data System: EAR-A-3-RDR-OCCULTATIONS-V14.0. Bibcode:2016PDSS..243.....D. Retrieved 30 May 2018. list and timings
    10. 1 2 3 4 Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Bauer, J. M.; Masiero, J. R.; Nugent, C. R. (November 2012). "WISE/NEOWISE Observations of the Jovian Trojan Population: Taxonomy". The Astrophysical Journal. 759 (1): 10. arXiv:1209.1549. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759...49G. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/759/1/49. S2CID 119101711. (online catalog)
    11. 1 2 3 4 Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System – IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 15 June 2018.
    12. 1 2 3 4 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    13. 1 2 Stephens, Robert D.; Coley, Daniel R.; French, Linda M. (October 2014). "Trojan Asteroids Observed from CS3: 2014 January-May". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 41 (4): 210–212. Bibcode:2014MPBu...41..210S. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
    14. 1 2 Szabó, Gy. M.; Pál, A.; Kiss, Cs.; Kiss, L. L.; Molnár, L.; Hanyecz, O.; et al. (March 2017). "The heart of the swarm: K2 photometry and rotational characteristics of 56 Jovian Trojan asteroids". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 599: 13. arXiv:1609.02760. Bibcode:2017A&A...599A..44S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629401. S2CID 119275951. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
    15. 1 2 3 Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. S2CID 8342929. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
    16. 1 2 Mottola, Stefano; Di Martino, Mario; Erikson, Anders; Gonano-Beurer, Maria; Carbognani, Albino; Carsenty, Uri; et al. (May 2011). "Rotational Properties of Jupiter Trojans. I. Light Curves of 80 Objects". The Astronomical Journal. 141 (5): 32. Bibcode:2011AJ....141..170M. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/141/5/170.
    17. 1 2 3 4 5 Shevchenko, V. G.; Belskaya, I. N.; Slyusarev, I. G.; Krugly, Yu. N.; Chiorny, V. G.; Gaftonyuk, N. M.; et al. (January 2012). "Opposition effect of Trojan asteroids". Icarus. 217 (1): 202–208. Bibcode:2012Icar..217..202S. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2011.11.001. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
    18. 1 2 Ryan, Erin Lee; Sharkey, Benjamin N. L.; Woodward, Charles E. (March 2017). "Trojan Asteroids in the Kepler Campaign 6 Field". The Astronomical Journal. 153 (3): 12. Bibcode:2017AJ....153..116R. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/153/3/116. S2CID 125570438.
    19. 1 2 Molnar, Lawrence A.; Haegert, Melissa J.; Hoogeboom, Kathleen M. (June 2008). "Lightcurve Analysis of an Unbiased Sample of Trojan Asteroids". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 35 (2): 82–84. Bibcode:2008MPBu...35...82M. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
    20. 1 2 Binzel, Richard P.; Sauter, Linda M. (February 1992). "Trojan, Hilda, and Cybele asteroids - New lightcurve observations and analysis". Icarus. 95 (2): 222–238. Bibcode:1992Icar...95..222B. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(92)90039-A. ISSN 0019-1035. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
    21. DeMeo, Francesca E.; Binzel, Richard P.; Slivan, Stephen M.; Bus, Schelte J. (July 2009). "An extension of the Bus asteroid taxonomy into the near-infrared". Icarus. 202 (1): 160–180. Bibcode:2009Icar..202..160D. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2009.02.005. Retrieved 7 July 2018. (Catalog Archived 29 March 2018 at the Wayback Machine)
    22. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. S2CID 53493339.
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