(86039) 1999 NC43
Discovery[1]
Discovered byLINEAR
Discovery siteLincoln Lab's ETS
Discovery date14 July 1999
Designations
(86039) 1999 NC43
1999 NC43
Apollo · NEO · PHA[1][2]
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc15.04 yr (5,492 days)
Aphelion2.7785 AU
Perihelion0.7400 AU
1.7593 AU
Eccentricity0.5794
2.33 yr (852 days)
199.72°
0° 25m 20.64s / day
Inclination7.1239°
311.76°
120.61°
Earth MOID0.0243 AU · 9.5 LD
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
1.43±0.07 km[3]
2.22 km[4][5]
34.29±0.06 h[6][7]
34.49±0.18 h[lower-alpha 1]
0.13[4]
0.14[5]
0.352±0.039[3]
SMASS = Q[1][8]
16.0[1][3] · 16.08[9] · 16.1[4][8]

    (86039) 1999 NC43, is an asteroid on an eccentric orbit, classified as near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid of the Apollo group, approximately 2 kilometers in diameter. This suspected tumbler and relatively slow rotator was discovered by LINEAR in 1999.[2]

    Discovery

    The asteroid was discovered on 14 July 1999, by the Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research (LINEAR) team at Lincoln Laboratory's Experimental Test Site, near Socorro, New Mexico, USA, at an apparent magnitude of 18, using a 1.0-meter reflector.[2][10]

    Its first observation was made by the Catalina Sky Survey in June 1999, extending the asteroid's observation arc by one month prior to its official discovery observation.[2]

    Orbit and classification

    1999 NC43 has a well-determined orbit with an uncertainty of 0. The body orbits the Sun at a distance of 0.7–2.8 AU once every 2 years and 4 months (852 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.58 and an inclination of 7° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] Its Earth minimum orbit intersection distance is 0.0243 AU (3,640,000 km), which corresponds to 9.5 lunar distances. Its most notable close approach to Earth will be on 14 February 2173 at a distance of 0.03361 AU (5,028,000 km).[11] The asteroid also makes close approaches to Venus and Mars.

    Physical characteristics

    The rare Q-type asteroid is one of only 20 characterized bodies of this spectral type in the SMASS taxonomic scheme.[12]

    Rotation period

    Several rotational lightcurves were obtained from photometric observations by Czech astronomer Petr Pravec at Ondřejov Observatory and American astronomer Brian Warner at his private Palmer Divide Observatory, Colorado. Best rated results gave a rotation period of 34.49±0.18 hours with an exceptionally high brightness variation of 1.1 magnitude (U=n.a.).[lower-alpha 1] Pravec's alternative period of 122 hours was later not supported by Warner.[6] However, there are still other periods possible due to sparse photometric data points. The asteroid is also suspected to be in a tumbling motion, which makes the determination of its period more complex.[7] For an asteroid of its size, it is a relatively slow rotator.

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the survey carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite, the asteroid has a high albedo of 0.35 and a diameter of 1.43 kilometers.[3] Observations by the Keck Observatory in the thermal infrared gave a refined albedo of 0.13–0.14 with a larger diameter of 2.22 kilometers.[4][5][8]

    Chelyabinsk meteor fragment

    1999 NC43 is suspected to be related to the 20-meter Chelyabinsk meteor, which exploded as a bright fireball over Russia on 15 February 2013. Analysis showed similar orbits for both bodies and suggested that they were once part of the same object.[13][14]

    Numbering and naming

    This minor planet was numbered by the Minor Planet Center on 30 August 2004.[15] As of 2018, it has not been named.[2]

    Notes

    1. 1 2 Pravec (2000) web: rotation period 34.49±0.18 hours with a brightness amplitude of 1.1 mag. Summary figures at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL) for (86039)

    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 86039 (1999 NC43)" (2014-06-24 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
    2. 1 2 3 4 5 "86039 (1999 NC43)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
    3. 1 2 3 4 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    4. 1 2 3 4 Delbó, Marco; Harris, Alan W.; Binzel, Richard P.; Pravec, Petr; Davies, John K. (November 2003). "Keck observations of near-Earth asteroids in the thermal infrared". Icarus. 166 (1): 116–130. Bibcode:2003Icar..166..116D. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2003.07.002. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
    5. 1 2 3 Delbo, Marco; Walsh, Kevin; Mueller, Michael; Harris, Alan W.; Howell, Ellen S. (March 2011). "The cool surfaces of binary near-Earth asteroids". Icarus. 212 (1): 138–148. Bibcode:2011Icar..212..138D. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2010.12.011. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
    6. 1 2 Warner, Brian D. (July 2014). "Near-Earth Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at CS3-Palmer Divide Station: 2014 January–March". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 41 (3): 157–168. Bibcode:2014MPBu...41..157W. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
    7. 1 2 Warner, Brian D. (October 2014). "Near-Earth Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at CS3-Palmer Divide Station: 2014 March–June". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 41 (4): 213–224. Bibcode:2014MPBu...41..213W. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
    8. 1 2 3 "LCDB Data for (86039)". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 1 March 2016.
    9. ↑ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 26 May 2016.
    10. ↑ "MPEC 1999-O15 : 1999 NC43". IAU Minor Planet Center. 19 July 1999. Retrieved 9 November 2013. (J99N43C)
    11. ↑ "JPL Close-Approach Data: 86039 (1999 NC43)". Retrieved 9 November 2013.
    12. ↑ "JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine: spec. type = Q (SMASSII)". JPL Solar System Dynamics. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
    13. ↑ Borovička, Jiří; Spurný, Pavel; Brown, Peter; Wiegert, Paul; Kalenda, Pavel; Clark, David; et al. (November 2013). "The trajectory, structure and origin of the Chelyabinsk asteroidal impactor". Nature. 503 (7475): 235–237. Bibcode:2013Natur.503..235B. doi:10.1038/nature12671. PMID 24196708. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
    14. ↑ Schiermeier, Quirin. "Risk of massive asteroid strike underestimated". Nature News. Nature Publishing Group. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
    15. ↑ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
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