yáłtiʼ
Navajo
Etymology
yá- (thematic) + -∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -tiʼ (durative imperfective stem of root -TIʼ, “to talk”).
Pronunciation
Audio (NV) (file)
Verb
yáłtiʼ
- he/she is speaking, talking
- Naʼáłchíní hólǫ́ǫgo éí nizaad bee bichʼįʼ yáníłtiʼ. Nihimá dóó nihizhéʼé Bilagáana bizaad bił nantłʼah ndi Bilagáanají nihichʼįʼ yádááłtiʼ ńtʼééʼ.
- If you have children, talk to them in your language. Our mothers and fathers spoke to many of us in the white man’s language even though it was difficult for them.
- Daʼ Diné bizaadísh beeyáníłtiʼ? ― Do you speak Navajo?
Conjugation
Paradigm: Durative (∅/yi).
| IMPERFECTIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | yáshtiʼ | yéiiltiʼ | yádeiiltiʼ |
| 2nd person | yáníłtiʼ | yáłtiʼ | yádaałtiʼ |
| 3rd person | yáłtiʼ | yádaałtiʼ | |
| 4th person | yájíłtiʼ | yádajiłtiʼ | |
| PERFECTIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | yááłtiʼ | yéiiltiʼ | yádeiiltiʼ |
| 2nd person | yéíníłtiʼ | yáoołtiʼ | yádaoołtiʼ |
| 3rd person | yááłtiʼ | yádááłtiʼ | |
| 4th person | yájííłtiʼ | yádajííłtiʼ | |
| FUTURE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | yádeeshtih | yádiiltih | yádadiiltih |
| 2nd person | yádííłtih | yádoołtih | yádadoołtih |
| 3rd person | yádoołtih | yádadoołtih | |
| 4th person | yázhdoołtih | yádazhdoołtih | |
Derived terms
- tsídii yáłtiʼí (“parrot”)
Verbal stems
- IMPERFECTIVE: -tiʼ
- PERFECTIVE: -tiʼ
- FUTURE: -tih
- ITERATIVE: -tih
- OPTATIVE: -tiʼ
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