vipu
Esperanto
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *vipu. Cognates include Estonian vibu, Ingrian vipu, Karelian vipu, Livonian vi’b, Veps bibu and Votic vipu.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʋipu/, [ˈʋipu]
- Rhymes: -ipu
- Syllabification(key): vi‧pu
Noun
vipu
- lever (mechanical device)
- lever (rigid piece used in a lever)
- Synonym: vipuvarsi
- lever (small such piece to trigger or control a mechanical device)
- Synonym: kytkin
- tree spring trap
- Synonym: takka
- (computing) switch, flag (command line notation allowing specification of optional behavior)
- (chess) lever, pawn lever
- (economics) leverage
- Synonym: vipuvaikutus
Declension
| Inflection of vipu (Kotus type 1*E/valo, p-v gradation) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | vipu | vivut | ||
| genitive | vivun | vipujen | ||
| partitive | vipua | vipuja | ||
| illative | vipuun | vipuihin | ||
| singular | plural | |||
| nominative | vipu | vivut | ||
| accusative | nom. | vipu | vivut | |
| gen. | vivun | |||
| genitive | vivun | vipujen | ||
| partitive | vipua | vipuja | ||
| inessive | vivussa | vivuissa | ||
| elative | vivusta | vivuista | ||
| illative | vipuun | vipuihin | ||
| adessive | vivulla | vivuilla | ||
| ablative | vivulta | vivuilta | ||
| allative | vivulle | vivuille | ||
| essive | vipuna | vipuina | ||
| translative | vivuksi | vivuiksi | ||
| abessive | vivutta | vivuitta | ||
| instructive | — | vivuin | ||
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | |||
| Possessive forms of vipu (Kotus type 1*E/valo, p-v gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
compounds
Further reading
- “vipu”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *vipu. Cognates include Finnish vipu and Estonian vibu.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈʋipu/, [ˈʋipu]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈʋipu/, [ˈʋib̥u]
- Rhymes: -ipu
- Hyphenation: vi‧pu
Declension
| Declension of vipu (type 4/koivu, p-v gradation, gemination) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | vipu | vivut |
| genitive | vivun | vippuin, vipuloin |
| partitive | vippua | vipuja, vipuloja |
| illative | vippuu | vippui, vipuloihe |
| inessive | vivus | vivuis, vipulois |
| elative | vivust | vivuist, vipuloist |
| allative | vivulle | vivuille, vipuloille |
| adessive | vivul | vivuil, vipuloil |
| ablative | vivult | vivuilt, vipuloilt |
| translative | vivuks | vivuiks, vipuloiks |
| essive | vipunna, vippuun | vipuinna, vipuloinna, vippuin, vipuloin |
| exessive1) | vipunt | vipuint, vipuloint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
Derived terms
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 664
Votic
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *vipu.
Pronunciation
- (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA(key): /ˈvipu/, [ˈvʲipu]
- Rhymes: -ipu
- Hyphenation: vi‧pu
Inflection
| Declension of vipu (type II/võrkko, p-v gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | vipu | vivud |
| genitive | vivu | vipujõ, vipui |
| partitive | vippua | vipuitõ, vipui |
| illative | vippusõ, vippu | vipuisõ |
| inessive | vivuz | vipuiz |
| elative | vivussõ | vipuissõ |
| allative | vivulõ | vipuilõ |
| adessive | vivullõ | vipuillõ |
| ablative | vivultõ | vipuiltõ |
| translative | vivussi | vipuissi |
| *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive. | ||
References
- Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “vipu”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn
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