torjua
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *torjudak. Related to Estonian tõrjuma.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtorjuɑˣ/, [ˈt̪o̞rjuɑ̝(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -orjuɑ
- Syllabification(key): tor‧ju‧a
Verb
torjua
- to defend successfully, ward off or fend off an attack, tackle
- to turn down, defy, scorn
- to reject, rebuff (for example, a proposal)
- En uskalla puhua hänelle, koska pelkään tulevani torjutuksi.
- I don't dare speak to her, because I'm afraid I'd get rejected.
- to tackle (face or deal with; especially a negative phenomenon)
- Mikä on hallituksen lähestymistapa suhteessa köyhyyden torjumiseen?
- What is the government's approach towards tackling poverty?
- (sports) to save (to catch or deflect a shot at goal)
- to intercept (a rocket or missile)
Conjugation
| Inflection of torjua (Kotus type 52/sanoa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | torjun | en torju | 1st sing. | olen torjunut | en ole torjunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | torjut | et torju | 2nd sing. | olet torjunut | et ole torjunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | torjuu | ei torju | 3rd sing. | on torjunut | ei ole torjunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | torjumme | emme torju | 1st plur. | olemme torjuneet | emme ole torjuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | torjutte | ette torju | 2nd plur. | olette torjuneet | ette ole torjuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | torjuvat | eivät torju | 3rd plur. | ovat torjuneet | eivät ole torjuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | torjutaan | ei torjuta | passive | on torjuttu | ei ole torjuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | torjuin | en torjunut | 1st sing. | olin torjunut | en ollut torjunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | torjuit | et torjunut | 2nd sing. | olit torjunut | et ollut torjunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | torjui | ei torjunut | 3rd sing. | oli torjunut | ei ollut torjunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | torjuimme | emme torjuneet | 1st plur. | olimme torjuneet | emme olleet torjuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | torjuitte | ette torjuneet | 2nd plur. | olitte torjuneet | ette olleet torjuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | torjuivat | eivät torjuneet | 3rd plur. | olivat torjuneet | eivät olleet torjuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | torjuttiin | ei torjuttu | passive | oli torjuttu | ei ollut torjuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | torjuisin | en torjuisi | 1st sing. | olisin torjunut | en olisi torjunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | torjuisit | et torjuisi | 2nd sing. | olisit torjunut | et olisi torjunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | torjuisi | ei torjuisi | 3rd sing. | olisi torjunut | ei olisi torjunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | torjuisimme | emme torjuisi | 1st plur. | olisimme torjuneet | emme olisi torjuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | torjuisitte | ette torjuisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte torjuneet | ette olisi torjuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | torjuisivat | eivät torjuisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat torjuneet | eivät olisi torjuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | torjuttaisiin | ei torjuttaisi | passive | olisi torjuttu | ei olisi torjuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | torju | älä torju | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | torjukoon | älköön torjuko | 3rd sing. | olkoon torjunut | älköön olko torjunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | torjukaamme | älkäämme torjuko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | torjukaa | älkää torjuko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | torjukoot | älkööt torjuko | 3rd plur. | olkoot torjuneet | älkööt olko torjuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | torjuttakoon | älköön torjuttako | passive | olkoon torjuttu | älköön olko torjuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | torjunen | en torjune | 1st sing. | lienen torjunut | en liene torjunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | torjunet | et torjune | 2nd sing. | lienet torjunut | et liene torjunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | torjunee | ei torjune | 3rd sing. | lienee torjunut | ei liene torjunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | torjunemme | emme torjune | 1st plur. | lienemme torjuneet | emme liene torjuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | torjunette | ette torjune | 2nd plur. | lienette torjuneet | ette liene torjuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | torjunevat | eivät torjune | 3rd plur. | lienevät torjuneet | eivät liene torjuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | torjuttaneen | ei torjuttane | passive | lienee torjuttu | ei liene torjuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | torjua | present | torjuva | torjuttava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | torjunut | torjuttu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | torjuessa | torjuttaessa | agent3 | torjuma | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | torjumaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | torjuen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | torjumassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | torjumasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | torjumaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | torjumalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | torjumatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | torjuman | torjuttaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th4 | verbal noun | torjuminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms
Derived terms
Further reading
- “torjua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Anagrams
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