thunga

See also: þunga

Xhosa

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-tʊ́nga.

Verb

-thûnga

  1. (transitive) to sew

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-tʊ́nga.

Verb

-thunga

  1. to sew

Inflection
Tone L
Infinitive ukuthunga
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukuthunga ukungathungi
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular thunga -thunge
Plural thungani -thungeni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyathunga, ngithunga engithungayo, engithunga ngithunga angithungi engingathungi ngingathungi
2nd singular uyathunga, uthunga othungayo, othunga uthunga awuthungi ongathungi ungathungi
1st plural siyathunga, sithunga esithungayo, esithunga sithunga asithungi esingathungi singathungi
2nd plural niyathunga, nithunga enithungayo, enithunga nithunga anithungi eningathungi ningathungi
Class 1 uyathunga, uthunga othungayo, othunga ethunga akathungi ongathungi engathungi
Class 2 bayathunga, bathunga abathungayo, abathunga bethunga abathungi abangathungi bengathungi
Class 3 uyathunga, uthunga othungayo, othunga uthunga awuthungi ongathungi ungathungi
Class 4 iyathunga, ithunga ethungayo, ethunga ithunga ayithungi engathungi ingathungi
Class 5 liyathunga, lithunga elithungayo, elithunga lithunga alithungi elingathungi lingathungi
Class 6 ayathunga, athunga athungayo, athunga ethunga awathungi angathungi engathungi
Class 7 siyathunga, sithunga esithungayo, esithunga sithunga asithungi esingathungi singathungi
Class 8 ziyathunga, zithunga ezithungayo, ezithunga zithunga azithungi ezingathungi zingathungi
Class 9 iyathunga, ithunga ethungayo, ethunga ithunga ayithungi engathungi ingathungi
Class 10 ziyathunga, zithunga ezithungayo, ezithunga zithunga azithungi ezingathungi zingathungi
Class 11 luyathunga, luthunga oluthungayo, oluthunga luthunga aluthungi olungathungi lungathungi
Class 14 buyathunga, buthunga obuthungayo, obuthunga buthunga abuthungi obungathungi bungathungi
Class 15 kuyathunga, kuthunga okuthungayo, okuthunga kuthunga akuthungi okungathungi kungathungi
Class 17 kuyathunga, kuthunga okuthungayo, okuthunga kuthunga akuthungi okungathungi kungathungi
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngithungile, ngithungē engithungile, engithungē ngithungile, ngithungē angithunganga engingathunganga ngingathunganga
2nd singular uthungile, uthungē othungile, othungē uthungile, uthungē awuthunganga ongathunganga ungathunganga
1st plural sithungile, sithungē esithungile, esithungē sithungile, sithungē asithunganga esingathunganga singathunganga
2nd plural nithungile, nithungē enithungile, enithungē nithungile, nithungē anithunganga eningathunganga ningathunganga
Class 1 uthungile, uthungē othungile, othungē ethungile, ethungē akathunganga ongathunganga engathunganga
Class 2 bathungile, bathungē abathungile, abathungē bethungile, bethungē abathunganga abangathunganga bengathunganga
Class 3 uthungile, uthungē othungile, othungē uthungile, uthungē awuthunganga ongathunganga ungathunganga
Class 4 ithungile, ithungē ethungile, ethungē ithungile, ithungē ayithunganga engathunganga ingathunganga
Class 5 lithungile, lithungē elithungile, elithungē lithungile, lithungē alithunganga elingathunganga lingathunganga
Class 6 athungile, athungē athungile, athungē ethungile, ethungē awathunganga angathunganga engathunganga
Class 7 sithungile, sithungē esithungile, esithungē sithungile, sithungē asithunganga esingathunganga singathunganga
Class 8 zithungile, zithungē ezithungile, ezithungē zithungile, zithungē azithunganga ezingathunganga zingathunganga
Class 9 ithungile, ithungē ethungile, ethungē ithungile, ithungē ayithunganga engathunganga ingathunganga
Class 10 zithungile, zithungē ezithungile, ezithungē zithungile, zithungē azithunganga ezingathunganga zingathunganga
Class 11 luthungile, luthungē oluthungile, oluthungē luthungile, luthungē aluthunganga olungathunganga lungathunganga
Class 14 buthungile, buthungē obuthungile, obuthungē buthungile, buthungē abuthunganga obungathunganga bungathunganga
Class 15 kuthungile, kuthungē okuthungile, okuthungē kuthungile, kuthungē akuthunganga okungathunganga kungathunganga
Class 17 kuthungile, kuthungē okuthungile, okuthungē kuthungile, kuthungē akuthunganga okungathunganga kungathunganga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāthunga engāthunga ngāthunga angithunganga engingathunganga ngingathunganga
2nd singular wāthunga owāthunga wāthunga awuthunganga ongathunganga ungathunganga
1st plural sāthunga esāthunga sāthunga asithunganga esingathunganga singathunganga
2nd plural nāthunga enāthunga nāthunga anithunganga eningathunganga ningathunganga
Class 1 wāthunga owāthunga āthunga akathunganga ongathunganga engathunganga
Class 2 bāthunga abāthunga bāthunga abathunganga abangathunganga bengathunganga
Class 3 wāthunga owāthunga wāthunga awuthunganga ongathunganga ungathunganga
Class 4 yāthunga eyāthunga yāthunga ayithunganga engathunganga ingathunganga
Class 5 lāthunga elāthunga lāthunga alithunganga elingathunganga lingathunganga
Class 6 āthunga āthunga āthunga awathunganga angathunganga engathunganga
Class 7 sāthunga esāthunga sāthunga asithunganga esingathunganga singathunganga
Class 8 zāthunga ezāthunga zāthunga azithunganga ezingathunganga zingathunganga
Class 9 yāthunga eyāthunga yāthunga ayithunganga engathunganga ingathunganga
Class 10 zāthunga ezāthunga zāthunga azithunganga ezingathunganga zingathunganga
Class 11 lwāthunga olwāthunga lwāthunga aluthunganga olungathunganga lungathunganga
Class 14 bāthunga obāthunga bāthunga abuthunganga obungathunganga bungathunganga
Class 15 kwāthunga okwāthunga kwāthunga akuthunganga okungathunganga kungathunganga
Class 17 kwāthunga okwāthunga kwāthunga akuthunganga okungathunganga kungathunganga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingathunga — ngingathunga ngingethunge — ngingethunge
2nd singular ungathunga — ungathunga ungethunge — ungethunge
1st plural singathunga — singathunga singethunge — singethunge
2nd plural ningathunga — ningathunga ningethunge — ningethunge
Class 1 angathunga — engathunga angethunge — engethunge
Class 2 bangathunga — bengathunga bangethunge — bengethunge
Class 3 ungathunga — ungathunga ungethunge — ungethunge
Class 4 ingathunga — ingathunga ingethunge — ingethunge
Class 5 lingathunga — lingathunga lingethunge — lingethunge
Class 6 angathunga — engathunga angethunge — engethunge
Class 7 singathunga — singathunga singethunge — singethunge
Class 8 zingathunga — zingathunga zingethunge — zingethunge
Class 9 ingathunga — ingathunga ingethunge — ingethunge
Class 10 zingathunga — zingathunga zingethunge — zingethunge
Class 11 lungathunga — lungathunga lungethunge — lungethunge
Class 14 bungathunga — bungathunga bungethunge — bungethunge
Class 15 kungathunga — kungathunga kungethunge — kungethunge
Class 17 kungathunga — kungathunga kungethunge — kungethunge
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizothunga engizothunga ngizothunga angizuthunga engingezuthunga ngingezuthunga
2nd singular uzothunga ozothunga uzothunga awuzuthunga ongezuthunga ungezuthunga
1st plural sizothunga esizothunga sizothunga asizuthunga esingezuthunga singezuthunga
2nd plural nizothunga enizothunga nizothunga anizuthunga eningezuthunga ningezuthunga
Class 1 uzothunga ozothunga ezothunga akazuthunga ongezuthunga engezuthunga
Class 2 bazothunga abazothunga bezothunga abazuthunga abangezuthunga bengezuthunga
Class 3 uzothunga ozothunga uzothunga awuzuthunga ongezuthunga ungezuthunga
Class 4 izothunga ezothunga izothunga ayizuthunga engezuthunga ingezuthunga
Class 5 lizothunga elizothunga lizothunga alizuthunga elingezuthunga lingezuthunga
Class 6 azothunga azothunga ezothunga awazuthunga angezuthunga engezuthunga
Class 7 sizothunga esizothunga sizothunga asizuthunga esingezuthunga singezuthunga
Class 8 zizothunga ezizothunga zizothunga azizuthunga ezingezuthunga zingezuthunga
Class 9 izothunga ezothunga izothunga ayizuthunga engezuthunga ingezuthunga
Class 10 zizothunga ezizothunga zizothunga azizuthunga ezingezuthunga zingezuthunga
Class 11 luzothunga oluzothunga luzothunga aluzuthunga olungezuthunga lungezuthunga
Class 14 buzothunga obuzothunga buzothunga abuzuthunga obungezuthunga bungezuthunga
Class 15 kuzothunga okuzothunga kuzothunga akuzuthunga okungezuthunga kungezuthunga
Class 17 kuzothunga okuzothunga kuzothunga akuzuthunga okungezuthunga kungezuthunga
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyothunga engiyothunga ngiyothunga angiyuthunga engingeyuthunga ngingeyuthunga
2nd singular uyothunga oyothunga uyothunga awuyuthunga ongeyuthunga ungeyuthunga
1st plural siyothunga esiyothunga siyothunga asiyuthunga esingeyuthunga singeyuthunga
2nd plural niyothunga eniyothunga niyothunga aniyuthunga eningeyuthunga ningeyuthunga
Class 1 uyothunga oyothunga eyothunga akayuthunga ongeyuthunga engeyuthunga
Class 2 bayothunga abayothunga beyothunga abayuthunga abangeyuthunga bengeyuthunga
Class 3 uyothunga oyothunga uyothunga awuyuthunga ongeyuthunga ungeyuthunga
Class 4 iyothunga eyothunga iyothunga ayiyuthunga engeyuthunga ingeyuthunga
Class 5 liyothunga eliyothunga liyothunga aliyuthunga elingeyuthunga lingeyuthunga
Class 6 ayothunga ayothunga eyothunga awayuthunga angeyuthunga engeyuthunga
Class 7 siyothunga esiyothunga siyothunga asiyuthunga esingeyuthunga singeyuthunga
Class 8 ziyothunga eziyothunga ziyothunga aziyuthunga ezingeyuthunga zingeyuthunga
Class 9 iyothunga eyothunga iyothunga ayiyuthunga engeyuthunga ingeyuthunga
Class 10 ziyothunga eziyothunga ziyothunga aziyuthunga ezingeyuthunga zingeyuthunga
Class 11 luyothunga oluyothunga luyothunga aluyuthunga olungeyuthunga lungeyuthunga
Class 14 buyothunga obuyothunga buyothunga abuyuthunga obungeyuthunga bungeyuthunga
Class 15 kuyothunga okuyothunga kuyothunga akuyuthunga okungeyuthunga kungeyuthunga
Class 17 kuyothunga okuyothunga kuyothunga akuyuthunga okungeyuthunga kungeyuthunga
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngithunge ngingathungi
2nd singular uthunge ungathungi
1st plural sithunge singathungi
2nd plural nithunge ningathungi
Class 1 athunge angathungi
Class 2 bathunge bangathungi
Class 3 uthunge ungathungi
Class 4 ithunge ingathungi
Class 5 lithunge lingathungi
Class 6 athunge angathungi
Class 7 sithunge singathungi
Class 8 zithunge zingathungi
Class 9 ithunge ingathungi
Class 10 zithunge zingathungi
Class 11 luthunge lungathungi
Class 14 buthunge bungathungi
Class 15 kuthunge kungathungi
Class 17 kuthunge kungathungi
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngathunga ngangathunga, angathunga, angangathunga
2nd singular wathunga wangathunga, awathunga, awangathunga
1st plural sathunga sangathunga, asathunga, asangathunga
2nd plural nathunga nangathunga, anathunga, anangathunga
Class 1 wathunga wangathunga, akathunga, akangathunga
Class 2 bathunga bangathunga, abathunga, abangathunga
Class 3 wathunga wangathunga, awathunga, awangathunga
Class 4 yathunga yangathunga, ayathunga, ayangathunga
Class 5 lathunga langathunga, alathunga, alangathunga
Class 6 athunga angathunga, awathunga, awangathunga
Class 7 sathunga sangathunga, asathunga, asangathunga
Class 8 zathunga zangathunga, azathunga, azangathunga
Class 9 yathunga yangathunga, ayathunga, ayangathunga
Class 10 zathunga zangathunga, azathunga, azangathunga
Class 11 lwathunga lwangathunga, alwathunga, alwangathunga
Class 14 bathunga bangathunga, abathunga, abangathunga
Class 15 kwathunga kwangathunga, akwathunga, akwangathunga
Class 17 kwathunga kwangathunga, akwathunga, akwangathunga

References
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