thuma

Hadza

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /tʰuma/

Adverb

thuma

  1. where?
    Synonym: thumeika

Northern Ndebele

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-thúma

  1. (transitive) to send

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Old Frisian

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *þūmô.

Noun

thūma m

  1. thumb

Descendants
  • North Frisian: tome, töme
  • Saterland Frisian: Tume
  • West Frisian: tomme, tûme

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-thúma

  1. (transitive) to send

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Verb

-thúma

  1. (transitive) to send

Inflection
Tone H
Infinitive ukuthuma
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukuthuma ukungathumi
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular thuma -thume
Plural thumani -thumeni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyathuma, ngithuma engithumayo, engithuma ngithuma angithumi engingathumi ngingathumi
2nd singular uyathuma, uthuma othumayo, othuma uthuma awuthumi ongathumi ungathumi
1st plural siyathuma, sithuma esithumayo, esithuma sithuma asithumi esingathumi singathumi
2nd plural niyathuma, nithuma enithumayo, enithuma nithuma anithumi eningathumi ningathumi
Class 1 uyathuma, uthuma othumayo, othuma ethuma akathumi ongathumi engathumi
Class 2 bayathuma, bathuma abathumayo, abathuma bethuma abathumi abangathumi bengathumi
Class 3 uyathuma, uthuma othumayo, othuma uthuma awuthumi ongathumi ungathumi
Class 4 iyathuma, ithuma ethumayo, ethuma ithuma ayithumi engathumi ingathumi
Class 5 liyathuma, lithuma elithumayo, elithuma lithuma alithumi elingathumi lingathumi
Class 6 ayathuma, athuma athumayo, athuma ethuma awathumi angathumi engathumi
Class 7 siyathuma, sithuma esithumayo, esithuma sithuma asithumi esingathumi singathumi
Class 8 ziyathuma, zithuma ezithumayo, ezithuma zithuma azithumi ezingathumi zingathumi
Class 9 iyathuma, ithuma ethumayo, ethuma ithuma ayithumi engathumi ingathumi
Class 10 ziyathuma, zithuma ezithumayo, ezithuma zithuma azithumi ezingathumi zingathumi
Class 11 luyathuma, luthuma oluthumayo, oluthuma luthuma aluthumi olungathumi lungathumi
Class 14 buyathuma, buthuma obuthumayo, obuthuma buthuma abuthumi obungathumi bungathumi
Class 15 kuyathuma, kuthuma okuthumayo, okuthuma kuthuma akuthumi okungathumi kungathumi
Class 17 kuyathuma, kuthuma okuthumayo, okuthuma kuthuma akuthumi okungathumi kungathumi
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngithumile, ngithumē engithumile, engithumē ngithumile, ngithumē angithumanga engingathumanga ngingathumanga
2nd singular uthumile, uthumē othumile, othumē uthumile, uthumē awuthumanga ongathumanga ungathumanga
1st plural sithumile, sithumē esithumile, esithumē sithumile, sithumē asithumanga esingathumanga singathumanga
2nd plural nithumile, nithumē enithumile, enithumē nithumile, nithumē anithumanga eningathumanga ningathumanga
Class 1 uthumile, uthumē othumile, othumē ethumile, ethumē akathumanga ongathumanga engathumanga
Class 2 bathumile, bathumē abathumile, abathumē bethumile, bethumē abathumanga abangathumanga bengathumanga
Class 3 uthumile, uthumē othumile, othumē uthumile, uthumē awuthumanga ongathumanga ungathumanga
Class 4 ithumile, ithumē ethumile, ethumē ithumile, ithumē ayithumanga engathumanga ingathumanga
Class 5 lithumile, lithumē elithumile, elithumē lithumile, lithumē alithumanga elingathumanga lingathumanga
Class 6 athumile, athumē athumile, athumē ethumile, ethumē awathumanga angathumanga engathumanga
Class 7 sithumile, sithumē esithumile, esithumē sithumile, sithumē asithumanga esingathumanga singathumanga
Class 8 zithumile, zithumē ezithumile, ezithumē zithumile, zithumē azithumanga ezingathumanga zingathumanga
Class 9 ithumile, ithumē ethumile, ethumē ithumile, ithumē ayithumanga engathumanga ingathumanga
Class 10 zithumile, zithumē ezithumile, ezithumē zithumile, zithumē azithumanga ezingathumanga zingathumanga
Class 11 luthumile, luthumē oluthumile, oluthumē luthumile, luthumē aluthumanga olungathumanga lungathumanga
Class 14 buthumile, buthumē obuthumile, obuthumē buthumile, buthumē abuthumanga obungathumanga bungathumanga
Class 15 kuthumile, kuthumē okuthumile, okuthumē kuthumile, kuthumē akuthumanga okungathumanga kungathumanga
Class 17 kuthumile, kuthumē okuthumile, okuthumē kuthumile, kuthumē akuthumanga okungathumanga kungathumanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāthuma engāthuma ngāthuma angithumanga engingathumanga ngingathumanga
2nd singular wāthuma owāthuma wāthuma awuthumanga ongathumanga ungathumanga
1st plural sāthuma esāthuma sāthuma asithumanga esingathumanga singathumanga
2nd plural nāthuma enāthuma nāthuma anithumanga eningathumanga ningathumanga
Class 1 wāthuma owāthuma āthuma akathumanga ongathumanga engathumanga
Class 2 bāthuma abāthuma bāthuma abathumanga abangathumanga bengathumanga
Class 3 wāthuma owāthuma wāthuma awuthumanga ongathumanga ungathumanga
Class 4 yāthuma eyāthuma yāthuma ayithumanga engathumanga ingathumanga
Class 5 lāthuma elāthuma lāthuma alithumanga elingathumanga lingathumanga
Class 6 āthuma āthuma āthuma awathumanga angathumanga engathumanga
Class 7 sāthuma esāthuma sāthuma asithumanga esingathumanga singathumanga
Class 8 zāthuma ezāthuma zāthuma azithumanga ezingathumanga zingathumanga
Class 9 yāthuma eyāthuma yāthuma ayithumanga engathumanga ingathumanga
Class 10 zāthuma ezāthuma zāthuma azithumanga ezingathumanga zingathumanga
Class 11 lwāthuma olwāthuma lwāthuma aluthumanga olungathumanga lungathumanga
Class 14 bāthuma obāthuma bāthuma abuthumanga obungathumanga bungathumanga
Class 15 kwāthuma okwāthuma kwāthuma akuthumanga okungathumanga kungathumanga
Class 17 kwāthuma okwāthuma kwāthuma akuthumanga okungathumanga kungathumanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingathuma — ngingathuma ngingethume — ngingethume
2nd singular ungathuma — ungathuma ungethume — ungethume
1st plural singathuma — singathuma singethume — singethume
2nd plural ningathuma — ningathuma ningethume — ningethume
Class 1 angathuma — engathuma angethume — engethume
Class 2 bangathuma — bengathuma bangethume — bengethume
Class 3 ungathuma — ungathuma ungethume — ungethume
Class 4 ingathuma — ingathuma ingethume — ingethume
Class 5 lingathuma — lingathuma lingethume — lingethume
Class 6 angathuma — engathuma angethume — engethume
Class 7 singathuma — singathuma singethume — singethume
Class 8 zingathuma — zingathuma zingethume — zingethume
Class 9 ingathuma — ingathuma ingethume — ingethume
Class 10 zingathuma — zingathuma zingethume — zingethume
Class 11 lungathuma — lungathuma lungethume — lungethume
Class 14 bungathuma — bungathuma bungethume — bungethume
Class 15 kungathuma — kungathuma kungethume — kungethume
Class 17 kungathuma — kungathuma kungethume — kungethume
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizothuma engizothuma ngizothuma angizuthuma engingezuthuma ngingezuthuma
2nd singular uzothuma ozothuma uzothuma awuzuthuma ongezuthuma ungezuthuma
1st plural sizothuma esizothuma sizothuma asizuthuma esingezuthuma singezuthuma
2nd plural nizothuma enizothuma nizothuma anizuthuma eningezuthuma ningezuthuma
Class 1 uzothuma ozothuma ezothuma akazuthuma ongezuthuma engezuthuma
Class 2 bazothuma abazothuma bezothuma abazuthuma abangezuthuma bengezuthuma
Class 3 uzothuma ozothuma uzothuma awuzuthuma ongezuthuma ungezuthuma
Class 4 izothuma ezothuma izothuma ayizuthuma engezuthuma ingezuthuma
Class 5 lizothuma elizothuma lizothuma alizuthuma elingezuthuma lingezuthuma
Class 6 azothuma azothuma ezothuma awazuthuma angezuthuma engezuthuma
Class 7 sizothuma esizothuma sizothuma asizuthuma esingezuthuma singezuthuma
Class 8 zizothuma ezizothuma zizothuma azizuthuma ezingezuthuma zingezuthuma
Class 9 izothuma ezothuma izothuma ayizuthuma engezuthuma ingezuthuma
Class 10 zizothuma ezizothuma zizothuma azizuthuma ezingezuthuma zingezuthuma
Class 11 luzothuma oluzothuma luzothuma aluzuthuma olungezuthuma lungezuthuma
Class 14 buzothuma obuzothuma buzothuma abuzuthuma obungezuthuma bungezuthuma
Class 15 kuzothuma okuzothuma kuzothuma akuzuthuma okungezuthuma kungezuthuma
Class 17 kuzothuma okuzothuma kuzothuma akuzuthuma okungezuthuma kungezuthuma
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyothuma engiyothuma ngiyothuma angiyuthuma engingeyuthuma ngingeyuthuma
2nd singular uyothuma oyothuma uyothuma awuyuthuma ongeyuthuma ungeyuthuma
1st plural siyothuma esiyothuma siyothuma asiyuthuma esingeyuthuma singeyuthuma
2nd plural niyothuma eniyothuma niyothuma aniyuthuma eningeyuthuma ningeyuthuma
Class 1 uyothuma oyothuma eyothuma akayuthuma ongeyuthuma engeyuthuma
Class 2 bayothuma abayothuma beyothuma abayuthuma abangeyuthuma bengeyuthuma
Class 3 uyothuma oyothuma uyothuma awuyuthuma ongeyuthuma ungeyuthuma
Class 4 iyothuma eyothuma iyothuma ayiyuthuma engeyuthuma ingeyuthuma
Class 5 liyothuma eliyothuma liyothuma aliyuthuma elingeyuthuma lingeyuthuma
Class 6 ayothuma ayothuma eyothuma awayuthuma angeyuthuma engeyuthuma
Class 7 siyothuma esiyothuma siyothuma asiyuthuma esingeyuthuma singeyuthuma
Class 8 ziyothuma eziyothuma ziyothuma aziyuthuma ezingeyuthuma zingeyuthuma
Class 9 iyothuma eyothuma iyothuma ayiyuthuma engeyuthuma ingeyuthuma
Class 10 ziyothuma eziyothuma ziyothuma aziyuthuma ezingeyuthuma zingeyuthuma
Class 11 luyothuma oluyothuma luyothuma aluyuthuma olungeyuthuma lungeyuthuma
Class 14 buyothuma obuyothuma buyothuma abuyuthuma obungeyuthuma bungeyuthuma
Class 15 kuyothuma okuyothuma kuyothuma akuyuthuma okungeyuthuma kungeyuthuma
Class 17 kuyothuma okuyothuma kuyothuma akuyuthuma okungeyuthuma kungeyuthuma
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngithume ngingathumi
2nd singular uthume ungathumi
1st plural sithume singathumi
2nd plural nithume ningathumi
Class 1 athume angathumi
Class 2 bathume bangathumi
Class 3 uthume ungathumi
Class 4 ithume ingathumi
Class 5 lithume lingathumi
Class 6 athume angathumi
Class 7 sithume singathumi
Class 8 zithume zingathumi
Class 9 ithume ingathumi
Class 10 zithume zingathumi
Class 11 luthume lungathumi
Class 14 buthume bungathumi
Class 15 kuthume kungathumi
Class 17 kuthume kungathumi
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngathuma ngangathuma, angathuma, angangathuma
2nd singular wathuma wangathuma, awathuma, awangathuma
1st plural sathuma sangathuma, asathuma, asangathuma
2nd plural nathuma nangathuma, anathuma, anangathuma
Class 1 wathuma wangathuma, akathuma, akangathuma
Class 2 bathuma bangathuma, abathuma, abangathuma
Class 3 wathuma wangathuma, awathuma, awangathuma
Class 4 yathuma yangathuma, ayathuma, ayangathuma
Class 5 lathuma langathuma, alathuma, alangathuma
Class 6 athuma angathuma, awathuma, awangathuma
Class 7 sathuma sangathuma, asathuma, asangathuma
Class 8 zathuma zangathuma, azathuma, azangathuma
Class 9 yathuma yangathuma, ayathuma, ayangathuma
Class 10 zathuma zangathuma, azathuma, azangathuma
Class 11 lwathuma lwangathuma, alwathuma, alwangathuma
Class 14 bathuma bangathuma, abathuma, abangathuma
Class 15 kwathuma kwangathuma, akwathuma, akwangathuma
Class 17 kwathuma kwangathuma, akwathuma, akwangathuma

References
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