töpreng
Hungarian
Etymology
From the töpör- stem of töpörödik (“to shrivel, wizen”) + -eng (frequentative verb-forming suffix).[1][2][3]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈtøprɛŋɡ]
- Hyphenation: töp‧reng
- Rhymes: -ɛŋɡ
Verb
töpreng
- (intransitive) to wonder, ponder, reflect, ruminate, brood (on/over something -n/-on/-en/-ön) (to think deeply and at length)
- Synonyms: elgondolkodik, tűnődik, elmélkedik, tépelődik
- Azon töprengtem, hogy mihez kezdjek az életemmel.
- I was ruminating over what I should do with my life.
- 1930, Dezső Kosztolányi, Öngyilkos:
- Azon töprengett, fájdalmas-e a halál, s meddig tart az, míg a lélek eltávozik a test kapuján?
- He wondered whether death was painful and how long it took for the soul to leave the gate of the body?
Conjugation
conjugation of töpreng
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | töprengek | töprengesz | töpreng | töprengünk | töprengetek or töprengtek |
töprengenek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | töprengtem | töprengtél | töprengett | töprengtünk | töprengtetek | töprengtek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. töprengeni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | töprengék | töprengél | töprenge | töprengénk | töprengétek | töprengének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. töpreng vala, töprengett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | töprengendek | töprengendesz | töprengend | töprengendünk | töprengendetek | töprengendenek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | töprengenék | töprengenél | töprengene | töprengenénk | töprengenétek | töprengenének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. töprengett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | töprengjek | töprengj or töprengjél |
töprengjen | töprengjünk | töprengjetek | töprengjenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. töprengett légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | töprengeni | töprengenem | töprengened | töprengenie | töprengenünk | töprengenetek | töprengeniük | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| töprengés | töprengő | töprengett | ― | töprengve (töprengvén) | |||||
potential conjugation of töpreng
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | töprenghetek | töprenghetsz | töprenghet | töprenghetünk | töprenghettek | töprenghetnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | töprenghettem | töprenghettél | töprenghetett | töprenghettünk | töprenghettetek | töprenghettek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | töprengheték | töprenghetél | töprenghete | töprengheténk | töprenghetétek | töprenghetének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. töprenghet vala, töprenghetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | töprenghetendek or töprengandhatok |
töprenghetendesz or töprengandhatsz |
töprenghetend or töprengandhat |
töprenghetendünk or töprengandhatunk |
töprenghetendetek or töprengandhattok |
töprenghetendenek or töprengandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | töprenghetnék | töprenghetnél | töprenghetne | töprenghetnénk | töprenghetnétek | töprenghetnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. töprenghetett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | töprenghessek | töprenghess or töprenghessél |
töprenghessen | töprenghessünk | töprenghessetek | töprenghessenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. töprenghetett légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (töprenghetni) | (töprenghetnem) | (töprenghetned) | (töprenghetnie) | (töprenghetnünk) | (töprenghetnetek) | (töprenghetniük) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (töprenghetve / töprenghetvén) | ||||
or
conjugation of töpreng
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | töprengek | töprengsz | töpreng | töprengünk | töprengtek | töprengnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | töprengtem | töprengtél | töprengett | töprengtünk | töprengtetek | töprengtek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. töprengni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | töprengék | töprengél | töprenge | töprengénk | töprengétek | töprengének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. töpreng vala, töprengett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | töprengendek | töprengendesz | töprengend | töprengendünk | töprengendetek | töprengendenek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | töprengnék | töprengnél | töprengne | töprengnénk | töprengnétek | töprengnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. töprengett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | töprengjek | töprengj or töprengjél |
töprengjen | töprengjünk | töprengjetek | töprengjenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. töprengett légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | töprengni | töprengnem | töprengned | töprengnie | töprengnünk | töprengnetek | töprengniük | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| töprengés | töprengő | töprengett | ― | töprengve (töprengvén) | |||||
potential conjugation of töpreng
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | töprenghetek | töprenghetsz | töprenghet | töprenghetünk | töprenghettek | töprenghetnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | töprenghettem | töprenghettél | töprenghetett | töprenghettünk | töprenghettetek | töprenghettek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | töprengheték | töprenghetél | töprenghete | töprengheténk | töprenghetétek | töprenghetének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. töprenghet vala, töprenghetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | töprenghetendek or töprengandhatok |
töprenghetendesz or töprengandhatsz |
töprenghetend or töprengandhat |
töprenghetendünk or töprengandhatunk |
töprenghetendetek or töprengandhattok |
töprenghetendenek or töprengandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | töprenghetnék | töprenghetnél | töprenghetne | töprenghetnénk | töprenghetnétek | töprenghetnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. töprenghetett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | töprenghessek | töprenghess or töprenghessél |
töprenghessen | töprenghessünk | töprenghessetek | töprenghessenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. töprenghetett légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (töprenghetni) | (töprenghetnem) | (töprenghetned) | (töprenghetnie) | (töprenghetnünk) | (töprenghetnetek) | (töprenghetniük) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (töprenghetve / töprenghetvén) | ||||
Derived terms
- töprengés
(With verbal prefixes):
- eltöpreng
- végigtöpreng
References
- töpreng in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
- Eőry, Vilma. Értelmező szótár+ (’Explanatory Dictionary Plus’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2007. →ISBN
- töpreng in Tótfalusi, István. Magyar etimológiai nagyszótár (’Hungarian Comprehensive Dictionary of Etymology’). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis, 2001; Arcanum DVD Könyvtár →ISBN
Further reading
- töpreng in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
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